Chapter 10.1 The Rise of Islam Followers of Islam are called Muslims Started in the Arabian Peninsula: ie., Saudi Arabia, etc.

Focus Q What do you know about Islam?  5 pillars, holy book, holy cities?  Holidays, customs, dress?  Who’s their prophet?  House of worship?

Focus Q Where do we put no-name papers? What should you do at the beginning of each class? How do I deal w/ kids using phones? What does “understand before you disagree” mean?

What you’ll learn……….and why. 1.How Muhammad became the prophet of Islam. 2.How Islam impacts the lives of Muslims. 1.Judaism, Christianity, and Islam have similarities like… 2.We live in a multi-cultural world and different people are …….

Chapter 10 vocab Kaaba 1Quran 1 mosque 1Hajj1 jihad 1Sharia 1 caliph 2Minarets 2 Calligraphy 3Taj Mahal 4

Muhammad Becomes a Prophet Muhammad born 570 AD in Mecca, a caravan crossroads Mecca, thriving pilgrimage center—pray at the Kaaba—temple housed statues of gods, goddesses –believed Abraham built it At 25, married Khadija Became a successful merchant Known for honesty, devoted husband/father

This is not a picture of Muhammad Numerous passages in the Qur’an prohibit idolatry, and worshipping statues or pictures, but there is not even single verse in the Qur’an that explicitly or implicitly says not to have any pictures of Muhammad.

Pictures and Islam Conclusion: "No pictures" includes no photos (still or moving). "No pictures" might reduce idolatry, but the reason given is not that, but that Allah will torment all who have made pictures. Observation: It is clear that making pictures is a horrible sin in Islam and that Allah will punish those people on the Day of Judgment. There is no command for Muslims to go out now and punish those painters themselves.

Muhammad becomes God’s Messenger 1. At 40, ***the angel Gabriel called him to be God’s messenger*** 2. He accepted, Khadija 1 st convert 3. Islam means “to submit to God” 4. Allah: Arabic for God

The Hijra: A Turning Point 1. His rejection of traditional Arab gods ***angered Meccan merchants—feared ignoring their idols would disrupt pilgrimage trade*** 2. Faced w/ death threats, he a his followers left for Medina (Yathrib) in 622—the 1 st year of Muslim calendar 3. Turning point—people in Medina began to convert to Islam

Mecca Jerusalem Which are the 3 holy cities of Islam?

Meccan leaders became hostile towards Muslims Muhammad returns to Mecca in Destroys the idols in the Kaaba ***Kaaba—temple in Mecca—most holy place in Islam—Rededicates Kaaba to Allah *** 2. Muhammad dies in 632—his revelations were compiled in the Quran after his death

Teachings of Islam 1. Islam is monotheistic 2. God sent other prophets: Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, Muhammad was the last and greatest prophet What are the other great monotheistic religions?

The Prophetic Tradition Adam Noah Abraham Moses Jesus Muhammad: the last and greatest prophet

Islam: Peoples of the Book  Muslims are strict monotheists.  They believe in the Judeo- Christian God, which they call Allah.  Muslims believe that the Torah and the Bible, like the Qur’an, is the final and complete word of God. Peoples of the Book

Quran ***Quran is their sacred text***is the word of God revealed to Muhammad*** 1. God is powerful, compassionate 2. People are responsible for their actions (suras) chapters 4. Written in Arabic

5 Pillars of Islam Duties that all Muslims must do: 1. The Shahada: Make a declaration of faith: “There is no god but Allah, and Mohammed is the messenger of Allah.“ 2. Pray 5 times a day 3. Give charity to the poor About 2.5% of your income

Muslims Follow Duties 4. Fast during daylight during holy month of Ramadan, the month Muhammad received his 1 st revelations from God. Intended to teach patience, spirituality, humility and submissiveness to God. 5. ***Hajj: pilgrimage to Mecca to pray at the Kaaba***, if you are financially and physically able

More about The Salat, daily prayers. 2 2  The mandatory prayers performed 5 times a day: * dawn * noon * late afternoon * sunset * before going to bed  Wash before praying.  Face Mecca and use a prayer rug.  ***Mosque is their house of worship***

More about The Hajj 5 5  The pilgrimage to Mecca.  Must be done at least once in a Muslim’s lifetime.  2-3 million Muslims make the pilgrimage every year.

Hajj to Mecca

Eid Mubarak End of the Ramadan holiday. See Calligraphy?

Muslims Follow Duties Another duty is ***Jihad: to struggle in God’s service. Usually a personal duty to focus on overcoming immorality Sometime interpreted as a holy war to defend Islam***

Sharia—Islamic System of Law ***Sharia: The body of Muslim laws*** 1. It regulates moral conduct, family life, business practices, govt and other parts of Muslim life. 2. Applies religious principles to all legal situations

Impact of Islam on Women 1. Islam says all people are spiritually equal 2. In practice, men and women had different roles and rights Inheritance, divorce, driving, etc. Women dressing modestly adopted from Persians

Other Islamic Religious Practices  Up to four wives allowed at once.  No alcohol or pork.  No gambling.  Sharia  body of Islamic law to regulate daily living.  Three holiest cities in Islam: * Mecca, Medina, Jerusalem.

Muslims in the World Today

Countries with the Largest Muslim Population 1.Indonesia183,000,0006.Iran62,000,000 2.Pakistan134,000,0007.Egypt59,000,000 3.India121,000,0008.Nigeria53,000,000 4.Bangladesh114,000,0009.Algeria31,000,000 5.Turkey66,000,00010.Morocco29,000,000 * Arabs make up only 20% of the total Muslim population of the world.

Muslims in America

Summarize On focus Q page 3 things you learned I wonder…… Reminds me of……

10.1 Left Side 1. Make a graphic organizer for the 5 pillars of Islam 2. For each one: Define completely Draw a picture Use color