Reviewing the “Hypothesis & Controls Worksheet

Defining the Hypothesis This question is out 5 marks... 1 mark each for using each of the three words Variable, Testable, and Isolate and two marks for having a correct response and indicating that only one variable can be tested at a time ANSWER The hypothesis is a very carefully worded question in a testable format designed to isolate only one variable, and one variable only

Reviewing “Manipulated vs. Responding Variable ” Work Sheet Questions on hypotheses are worth 5 marks each One mark for an “IF” statement One mark for an appropriate “THAN statement” One mark for the question being in a testable format Two marks for quantifying the hypothesis in someway

Question 1 How much more fuel efficient are the new VW cars than the old ones? ANSWER “IF” you put 50 l of fuel into both the old and new VW cars, “THAN” the newer more efficient VW car will go 20% further than the old one.

Question 2 Is the new “high speed internet” really a faster internet provider ANSWER “IF” you connect the same computer to the new high speed internet, “THAN” it will take half as long to download the same song.

Question 3 Can I get my lawn greener if I add more water? ANSWER “IF” we double the amount of water that we apply to the lawn, “THAN” it will grow twice as long in the same amount of time

Question 4 Does the new vaccination prevent people from catching the flu? ANSWER “IF” a group of people are given the new flu vaccination “THAN” they will be 75% less likely to contract the flu.

Question 5 Do steroids really help a person run faster? ANSWER “IF” a runner begins to take steroids “THAN” they will shave 3 seconds off their 100m sprint running time

Question 6 Do lift kits on Jeeps help them go through deeper mud? ANSWER “IF” we add a 5 inch lift kit to a jeep “THAN” the jeep will be able to go through mud that is 5 inches deeper

Question 7 Do bigger tires on Jeeps help them go through deeper mud? ANSWER “IF” we go from a 31 inch tire to a 37 inch tire, “THAN” than jeep will be able to go through mud that is 3 inches deeper

Question 1 & 2 How much more fuel efficient are the new VW cars than the old ones? Control Group - The original/old VW cars Experimental Group - The newer more fuel efficient cars Is the new “high speed internet” really a faster internet provider Control Group - The original/old internet speed Experimental group – The newer high speed internet

Question 3 & 4 Can I get my lawn greener if I add more water? Control Group – The original amount of water / no water Experimental Group – The lawn with the added water Does the new vaccination prevent people from catching the flue? Control Group – Group without a vaccination Experimental group – Group that receives the vaccination

Question 5 & 6 Do steroids really help a person run faster Control Group – Runner before they took the steroids Experimental Group – Runner after they took steroids Do lift kits on jeeps help them go through deeper mud? Control Group – Jeeps before they had a lift kit Experimental group – Jeeps with the lift kit added

Question 7 Do bigger tires really help them go through deeper mud Control Group – Jeeps with the stock tires Experimental Group – Jeeps with the larger tires

Why do we need both groups? Explain in your own words why we need to have a control group and an experimental group? ANSWER By having a control group we have a base line of comparison to see what the effects of the manipulated variable were? EXAMPLE If we add both water and fertilizer to the lawn, we will not know which one actually caused the lawn to grow faster or by how much.

Question Please read out the question and your response to each question… is it talking about the Control or the Experimental Group 8- Control Group9 - Experimental Group 10- Control Group11 - Experimental Group 12- Control Group13 - Experimental Group 14 - Control Group

How did you do? Give your self a mark out of 65 and a % score The teacher will walk around and have a look to see how you did Remember, if you are not happy with the mark that you ended up with. Come see the teacher after school or at lunch to get further help!!!

Recap the Scientific Method Recap Formulating a Hypothesis Recap Control Groups vs. Experimental Manipulated Variables Responding Variables Recap the Scientific Method Recap Formulating a Hypothesis Recap Control Groups vs. Experimental Manipulated Variables Responding Variables Manipulated vs. Responding Variables

Recapping… What are five steps to the scientific method: 1) Identify the problem & formulate a hypothesis 2) Create a procedure to test the hypothesis 3) Make observations based on the experimental procedure 4) Analyze the data 5) Draw Conclusions

Recapping… The Hypothesis is a very carefully designed __________ statement used to isolate a __________ How many variables can the hypothesis test at once? The hypothesis should use _____ / ________ statements

Recapping… “If” & “than” statements The “if” part of the statement should explain what you are doing. The “than” part of the statement should explain what you’re measuring/expecting to find.

Recapping…. What is the whole purpose behind having a CONTROL GROUP and an EXPERIMENTAL GROUP? By having a control group we have a base line of comparison to see what the effects of the manipulated variable were?

3 Types of Variables Every experiment will have three types of variables. They are: 1.Controlled Variables 2.Manipulated variable 3.Responding Variable

Controlled Variables Controlled Variables are… All of the different things that could vary and affect the outcome of an experiment that are deliberately kept the same. Going back to the lawn example… What are some CONTROLLED variables that we would need to make sure are kept the same when testing the fertilizer out on the lawn?

Manipulated Variable The Manipulated Variable is… The only thing that is changed or varied between the control group or the experimental group. THERE CAN ONLY BE ONE MANIPULATED VARIABLE PER EXPERIMENT… why?

Manipulated Variable Going back to the lawn example… What was the manipulated variable in the experiment where we wanted to see what would happen if we added more fertilizer to our lawn? Why cant we change the amount of water we give the control and experimental groups as well?

Responding Variable The Responding Variable is… The difference in outcomes between the control group and experimental group Its how the experimental group RESPONDED to the manipulated variable (the part that we measure) What would we expect the responding variable to be in our lawn example where we added more fertilizer?

Manipulated vs. Responding Recap the difference The Manipulated Variable is… The one and only factor in an experiment which is changed on the experimental group. The Responding Variable is… The different reaction we get from the experimental group over the control group

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What are some examples of possible manipulated variables in these pictures and what would you expect the responding variable to be?

Start to Finish… As a class, we are going to… Identify the problem Create a hypothesis Differentiate between the control and experimental groups List the controlled variables we need to account for List the manipulated variable Suggest a few possible responding Variables

Start to Finish… NASCAR wants to find the effects of using harder rubber in the new tires for the race cars and what that does to lap times! Identify the problem Create a hypothesis What are the control and experimental groups List the controlled variables we need to account for List the manipulated variable Suggest a few possible responding Variables

Assignment for next class Once again, You will be given a short worksheet but you must work on this one alone for the first bit Hot tip… Check the last question 1 st