What is a Variable?.

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Presentation transcript:

What is a Variable?

DEFINITION Variable – Any factor that can change in a scientific investigation or experiment

Types of Variables Independent Variable (also called the manipulated variable) The condition that is intentionally changed by the investigator in an experiment There can be only one independent variable in an experiment

Types of Variables Dependent Variable (also called the responding variable) The factors or conditions that will change as a result of the independent variable The factors that you measure or observe as data There can be one or more dependent variables in an experiment

Types of Variables Controlled Variables The factors or conditions that are kept the same (unchanged) in an experiment. There are many controlled variables in an experiment

Identify variables for the following experiments. Practice Identify variables for the following experiments. You can do it!

Testable Question #1 Does changing the temperature of a ball affect the height the ball will bounce? Cold Hot

Identify Variables #1 Manipulated Variable Does changing the temperature of a ball affect the height the ball will bounce? Cold Hot Responding Variable

Identify Variables #1 Controlled Variables: * Same ball * Dropped from the same height * Dropped onto the same surface * etc…

Testable Question #2 Does changing the color of light affect the growth rate of plants?

Identify Variables #2 Manipulated Variable Does changing the color of light affect the growth rate of plants? Manipulated Variable Responding Variable

Identify Variables #2 Controlled Variables: * Same type / size of plant * Same wattage of bulb * Same amount of water * Same soil * Light on for the same amount of time * etc…

Testable Question #3 How does the size of a parachute affect the time it takes a hippo to fall 10 feet?

Identify Variables #3 Manipulated Variable How does the size of a parachute affect the time it takes a hippo to fall 10 feet? Manipulated Variable Responding Variable

Identify Variables #3 Controlled Variables: * Same hippo * Dropped from the same height * Same parachute fabric * Same length of strings on the parachute * etc…

Simpsons Controls and Variables Smithers thinks that a special juice will increase the productivity of workers. He creates two groups of 50 workers each and assigns each group the same task (in this case, they're supposed to staple a set of papers). Group A is given the special juice to drink while they work. Group B is not given the special juice. After an hour, Smithers counts how many stacks of papers each group has made. Group A made 1,587 stacks, Group B made 2,113 stacks.

Identify the… Control Group Experimental Group Group B: No Juice Experimental Group Group A: Drinking Juice Manipulated (Independent ) Variable Special Juice Responding (Dependent ) Variable Number of Stacks of Paper Hypothesis: If the workers drink the special juice, then the number of stacks of paper will increase. What should Smithers' conclusion be? Smithers’ hypothesis is not correct because Group A made 1, 587 stacks of paper and Group B made 2,113 stacks of paper. This shows that the juice did not increase the number of stacks of paper, but decreased.