Cells and Disease In an new section of your lab notebook record the title and challenge:  How do observations of cells help doctors and scientists diagnose disease? Please be self-directed. I will stamp this for completion today!

Pre Assessment What have you learned about malaria?  In your lab notebook make a T-Chart.  Label the left hand column “what I learned” and make sure to cover topics such as agent of infection, mode of transmission, symptoms, where (geographically) the disease occurs, etc. (use your Case Study notes!)  Label the right hand column “what I still want to learn” and fill this out accordingly.

Pre Assessment Have you heard of sickle cell anemia? What do you know about sickle cell anemia?  In your lab notebook make another T-Chart.  Label the left hand column “what I think I know”. In the left hand column, make sure to cover (if appropriate) topics such as agent of infection, mode of transmission, symptoms, where (geographically) disease occurs, etc.  Label the right hand column “what I learned” (you’ll fill this in as you research Sickle Cell Anemia).  Research to learn about Sickle Cell Anemia. Record information THAT YOU UNDERSTAND!

Background Information Both Malaria and Sickle Cell are blood diseases. Along with the medical data (patient’s symptoms), epidemiological data (recent travel, etc.), it is important to observe the patient’s blood (lab data First, observe the video on how to make a blood smear: Go to the next slide to observe a normal blood smear (this person is not sick with a blood disease).

Background Information The normal red blood cells are biconcave (like a donut without the hole). The purple-stained, larger cells are white blood cells.

Patient “A” Patient A recently returned from Africa after working with the Peace Corps. She feels sick for short periods but otherwise feels well. Patient A has experienced fever, chest pain and lung infections on and off throughout her life. She recently did a two-hour hike and felt very tired and out of breath. Her knees were very sore. Upon examination, Patient A has yellowish eyes and skin, vision problems and a tender abdomen. Patient A is of African-American descent. She remembers her mother, who has passed away, always being tired.

Patient “A” Blood Smear

Patient “A” 1.What is your diagnosis for Patient A? 2.Support your diagnosis with 3 pieces of specific data. -

Patient “B” Patient B recently returned from Africa after a month long visit. Patient B reports severe headaches and being very tired the past few weeks. He reports fever and muscle and joint pain over the past week. Patient B is of Caucasian descent. Upon examination, patient B has yellowing of the eyes and a tender abdomen.

Patient “B” Blood Smear

Patient “B” 3. What is your diagnosis for Patient B? 4. Support your diagnosis with 3 pieces of specific data. -

More Blood Smears!! This patient recently visited Africa and remembers being bitten by a tsetse fly. 5. What is your diagnosis? What is your evidence?

More Blood Smears!! 6. What is your diagnosis? What is your evidence?

Post-lab Reflection 1.Look at the blood smears set up on lab stations 6 and 7. Can you tell which is the patient with malaria? Can you tell which blood smear is normal? Why or why not? 2.Consider trying to diagnose and treat malaria in a developing country. What are your challenges?