1

2 1. FUEL something to burn, such as wood, paper, grass, or clothing. 2. AIR actually oxygen is needed, but that's part of the air. 3. HEAT a catalyst to start the fuel and oxygen combustion. Three Key Elements to a Fire: The Fire Tetrahedron or Fire Triangle CHAIN REACTION the combination of heat, fuel and air to create fire.

3 Type A - Ordinary Combustibles These include common household items such as paper, wood and cloth. Type B - Flammable Liquids Gasoline, cooking oils or fats, oil based paint and kerosene are just some of these. Type C - Electrical Equipment Wall outlets, power cords, small and large appliances, wiring and fuse boxes fall under this category. Type D – Combustible Metals Magnesium, sodium, potassium, titanium, zirconium, other flammable metals. Combustible Metals

4 What if I DISCOVER A FIRE OR SMOKE Condition in the Hospital? KnowKnow department emergency procedures and evacuation routes KnowKnow locations of extinguishers in your area and how to use them AlwaysregardlessAlways sound the alarm regardless of fire size AvoidAvoid smoky conditions

5 What if I DISCOVER A FIRE OR SMOKE Condition in the Hospital? EnsureEnsure area is evacuated Don’tDon’t attempt to fight unless: –Alarm is sounded –Fire is small and contained –You have safe egress route –Available extinguishers are rated for size and type of fire evacuate!If in doubt, evacuate!

6 R = Rescue A = Alarm C = Contain E = Extinguish OR Evacuate What if I DISCOVER A FIRE OR SMOKE Condition in the Hospital?

7 1. RESCUE! Move patients/visitors away from danger. Move them beyond the next set of fire doors. 2. ALARM! Alert nearby staff for assistance. Move to the nearest fire alarm pull box. Remove any covers and trigger the alarm by pulling down on the lever as indicated. When the alarm sounds, it sends a signal to the monitoring company who dispatches the Fire Department. 3. CONTAIN! Close all doors and windows to isolate fire. 4. EXTINGUISH! Begin to fight the fire using the nearest portable fire extinguisher—OR, EVACUATE if you don’t feel safe.

8 Anatomy of a Fire Extinguisher PRESSURE GAUGE (not found on CO 2 extinguishers) CARRYING HANDLE DATA PLATE BODY DISCHARGE ORIFICE DISCHARGE NOZZLE DISCHARGE HOSE DISCHARGE LOCKING PIN AND SEAL DISCHARGE LEVER

9 Using a Fire Extinguisher: Remember to “PASS”

10 Using a Fire Extinguisher… “PASS” Fire extinguishers are located throughout the hospital. They are usually red in color and mounted on a bracket on the wall. No point is more than 75 feet from an extinguisher. The primary type of extinguisher is Type ABC. Type ABC is a multipurpose dry chemical extinguisher that may be used on ordinary fire, fires with flammable liquids, or electrical fires. Extinguishers have a pressure gauge to allow visual capacity check. Extinguishers have a 5-20 feet maximum effective range. Extinguishes by interrupting the chemical chain reaction.

11 Employee Responsibilities… Employees must be alert for: 1)Careless Smoking: Be careful to observe all "No Smoking" regulations. 2)Exit Ways: Do not permit the obstruction of aisles, doorways, and fire escapes or allow their use as storage places. 3.Combustible Waste: All combustible waste shall be placed in metal containers with tight fitting covers so that any fire will be kept entirely within the container. When materials capable of spontaneous ignition are stored they shall be kept in separate containers until safely disposed of.

12 Employee Responsibilities… 4) Fire Doors: The proper operation of fire doors is necessary to protect or isolate one section of the building from another, thus providing protection to other areas and persons within the building. Keep all fire doors properly closed, except those equipped to close automatically. Fire doors wedged or propped open are of no value in preventing the spread of fire. 5) Flammable Liquids (Such as acetone, alcohol, and benzine): Limit the amount on hand to a minimum working supply. If possible, keep in metal container. Where safety cabinets or storage rooms are available, keep these materials in them and keep the door to such storage closed. No smoking, open flames or sparking device shall be allowed around flammable liquids or compressed gas. Oxygen and nitrous oxide shall not be stored with flammable gases, such as cyclopropane and ethylene, or with flammable liquids.

13 Employee Responsibilities… 6) Electrical Hazards: Report promptly any frayed, broken, overheated extension cords or electrical equipment. Do not operate light switches, connect or disconnect equipment where any part of the body is in contact with metal fixtures or water. Specially built equipment is used in the operating room to eliminate electric sparks and to control static electricity. 7) Acids: All concentrated or corrosive acids must be handled with extreme care. Avoid storing these materials on high shelves or in locations where they are likely to be spilled or the containers broken. Organic acids and inorganic acids shall not be stored together. Any spillage shall be immediately diluted or neutralized and cleaned up. 8) Electric Heaters: These units, particularly the portable type, are not permitted anywhere on the facility's premises.

14 Fire safety and prevention is everyone’s business – the middle of an incident is not the time to prepare! Kansas Spine & Specialty Hospital (KSSH) has a detailed Emergency Preparedness Plan. Please be aware and know the facts ahead of time: To locate our Emergency Preparedness Plan Go to spineNet Life Safety Management Life Safety Management Plan: Policy #

15 The emergency intercom system broadcasts announcements throughout the hospital, including the O.R. suites. In order to utilize the emergency intercom system, employees must enter #37 into the phone prior to making the announcement.

16 Deb Robelli Safety Officer Cell Phone: (316)

17 Annual Competency Wood, paper and grass are examples of the fire element “Air”. True or False 2.The primary type of fire extinguisher used at KSSH is Type DEF. True or False 3.Type ABC is a multipurpose dry chemical extinguisher that may be used on ordinary fire, fires with flammable liquids, or electrical fires. True or False 4.PASS stands for Pull, Alarm, Strain and Sweep. True or False 5.RACE stands for Rescue, Alarm, Contain and Extinguish or Evacuate. True or False

18 Annual Competency All employees should know the locations of extinguishers and how to use them. True or False 7.The alarm should be sounded on all fires. True or False 8. It is permitted to obstruct aisles, doorways and fire escapes when used for storage spaces. True or False 9. KSSH has a detailed Emergency Preparedness Plan located in spineNet. True or False 10. The first step in RACE is to move patients/visitors away from danger. True or False