Chapters By: Kelsey Abbey (2 nd period), Victoria Pham ( 1 st period), Haley Lewis (1 st period), and Elaina Williams (1 st period)

Chapter 23 Give a Persuasive Talk Cicero’s 5 Canons of Persuasion Invention Arrangement Style Memory Delivery Put together all of these techniques to win your audience over and become a better persuader This is the order you use when you make a speech. First invent what you need to say, and then decide what order you want to say it in. Determine how you will say it to your particular audience; put it all down in your brain or on your computer. Finally get up and “WOW” your audience.

Invention Begin brainstorming, Start with what you want, then decide whether you need to use the past, present, or future. Next think about the issue itself and break it down to smaller issues, if needed. Afterwards, you should be prepared to argue both sides of the argument, so that you can understand your side better. Then think of the audiences values.

Arrangement First ethos, then logos, and finally pathos. Start with the introduction, where ethos is used. The four body parts are where you use logos: Narration, division, proof, then refutation. Last is the conclusion, where the speaker should get a little emotional, where pathos is needed.

Style You should be aware of the proper language suited for your particular audience. There should be clarity so everyone understands terminology, and vividness to create a rhetorical reality. Be decorous as to fit in and use ornament to perfect the rhythm of your voice and cleverness of words. Style is an important factor in any speech.

Memory This one of the hardest parts, but without memorizing everything could fall apart. PowerPoint is an efficient way to prepare an argument or presentation and helps your memory through pictures, charts, and graphs.

Delivery This is when you get to act. Think about your voice: volume, stability and flexibility. Make sure you’re loud and confident. Think about gestures: your eye contact and expression.

Chapter 24 Use the Right Tools In this chapter, Heinrich illustrates when to use which tools in an argument. The Tools: Ethos Pathos Logos Kairos

Example: Trying to get a promotion Heinrich further concludes that in argument, your goal should be set so that you can set the tense and know your audience. From there you can apply your ethos, logos, and pathos.

1.First, you use kairos through contacting the boss. This establishes that you seize the opportunity

2. While waiting for your boss to contact you, you establish your identity through decorum, code grooming, etc. This is a use of the tool ethos.

3. Next, when your boss calls you in for an interview, you focus more upon your ethos. You establish yourself further as someone who will work hard and be an asset to the company.

4. Here you can also use logos tools to show your boss that you have practical wisdom therefore persuading him that you’re qualified for the job.

5. Finally you can use some ethos tools. Here you can establish how dedicated you are by the use of peroration.

Chapter 25 Run an Agreeable Country This chapter stresses ethos and “defines the issues” and how rhetoric could help lead us out of our political mess

“My Big Fat Rhetoric Joke” You can find rhetoric in all everyday life such as church, careers, talking with family,etc. If you just look,you can find rhetoric everywhere in your own life.

Channeling Cicero The government owes a debt to rhetoric. In past times, “Sheer academic inertia allowed rhetoric to maintain a large presence in higher education up into the eighteenth century.”(page 276) There were many past examples of Cicero’s, like Patrick Henry’s famous words “Give me liberty or give me death!”

You Can’t Keep Good Rhetoric Down Tribal mind set has destroyed faith in deliberative argument. People rely on professionals and listen to them. Morals cannot be the sole subject of a deliberative argument. Values have fostered occasional breakdowns in political debate.

The Great Attractor “A Matter of character, concerned with choice, lying in a mean” –Aristotle Rhetoric is having a revival; It is now in high school, AP and college courses. This definitely seen as a beneficial. If rhetoric came back, tribal politics would go away and candidates would be forced to speak intelligently. People would start talking and listening to each other more.

Thank Kids for Arguing Parents should talk to their school board about adding rhetoric to the school curriculum as early as 7 th grade. It is best to teach your children to argue with the rhetoric techniques.