Unit III Human Development and Relations Human Development Stages  Early Childhood  Middle Childhood  Adolescent  Young Adult  Middle Age  Old Age

Human relations and development  Study from 3 perspectives 1. Stages has Nature/Nurture 2. Developmental tasks at each stage 3.Normal behavior patterns and building interpersonal relationships

Early childhood Nature Conception and DNA ---Trimesters  Zygote  Embryo  Fetus  Growth

Early Childhood -Readiness -Rules to remember ---What mother experiences so does the offspring -Physical development p. 231

Early Childhood  Nurture (2 worksheets ****Love: the capacity to love and be loved underlies all human development ---Harlow’s surrogate mother study p Abused children

Early childhood Kinds of love 1. Intense love ---Know baby’s cry—how you react to cry will create a basic trust or mistrust of -- primary caregiver *trusting relationship characteristics *mistrusting relationship characteristics

Early childhood 2. Supportive love 3. Parental love

Early childhood a. Results of lack of love b. Formation of attachment bonds

Early Childhood c. Exploration: the more stimulation from the environment the greater the neuron connection a child will develop d. Development of Self Esteem—building self worth e. Development of Autonomy—formation of separateness f. Development of interests, skills, ability and evaluation skills

Early Childhood g. Socialization skills h. Object permanence ** 2 theories of child development Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory Kohlberg’s Moral Development Theory

Middle Childhood  Nature -Loss of baby fat -bones harden -growth spurt -start puberty process

Middle Childhood  Nurture -Changes in love from child to the parent -unconditional love -conditional love

Middle Childhood -Peers become more important -Formation of values p. 244, 246 -Determination of sex roles -Role playing games -Abused children

Middle Childhood -Children look to parents as role models for their mates -One parent households -Socialization continues -Formation of play groups -Generalization of love -Begins to distinguish between sexes

Middle childhood -Child begins to solve problems outside family -Begins to compare him/herself with others -Fads and looks become important

Adolescence Periods of great change in: -Physical -Family -Society

Adolescence  Nature -Growth -Sexual Development -Development of primary sex characteristics

Adolescence -Development of secondary sex characteristics -Problems with puberty -Late developer -Questioning values

Adolescence -Love: used to gain independence -Different reasons for each sexes -3 elements of “true love” Attraction Mutuality Intimacy -Hormonal levels

Adolescence  Nurture Side ( Worksheets adolescence) -Parental relationships -Adolescents want more independence -Conflicts and arguments -Youth bill of rights

Adolescence -Peers -Peers become more important -Changes in way they think (read out on a limb) -From concrete object to abstract thinking (some never do) -Evaluating self concept

Adolescence  Early childhood—self centered  Middle childhood- self concept – compares self with others  Adolescence- self concept goes through stages Identity moratorium Identity foreclosure Identity diffusion Identity achievement

Adolescence -Formation of value system -Set life goals -Making and Maintaining relationships -Independence -Competition -Peer pressure

Adolescence -Not accepted -Sibling rivalry -How to approach problems in relationships Attack or fight (I win you lose) Escape (denial) Give in (You win I lose) Flight (You win I leave) Compromise (You win I win)

Adolescence -Peer problems -Rebellion -Depression -Guilt -Anxiety

Young Adult 1. Greatest physical ability 2. Parents less important 3. Reassessment of life 4. Peter Pan syndrome 5. Complete Self Concept

Young Adult 6. Making life choices a. Selection of a vocation b. Mate selection (write your own love story)

--Dr. Waring – 8 factors to make a marriage work 1. Compatibility 2. Conflict resolution 3. Expressiveness

Young Adult 4. Affection 5. Identity 6. Commitment 7. Sexuality 8. Outside connections

Young Adult c. Parenting 1. Parenting 24 hour a day occupation 2. Children change relationship of husband and wife

Middle Age Characteristics 1. Prime of life 2. Most productive economically 3. Self concept works for you 4. Enjoy earlier decisions

Middle Age Developmental tasks 1. Accept aging process 2. Prepare for the death of parents 3. Letting children go

Old Age Characteristics 1. Time adjustments 2. Physical decline

Old Age  Developmental tasks 1. Retirement 2. Loss of social position 3. Loss of economic position or power 4. Ego integrity