Options after High School

What do you want to do after high school?

OPTIONS Go to college Military Work Do absolutely nothing ??????

Thinking About Education What are some ways that education after high school might make a difference in someone’s career options and earnings potential? What are some ways that education after high school might make a difference in someone’s career options and earnings potential? Compare the possible benefits of going to a trade or technical school vs. a four-year college. Compare the possible benefits of going to a trade or technical school vs. a four-year college. If you had your own business and were hiring employees, would the level and type of education, the job applicants had, make a difference to you? Why or why not? If you had your own business and were hiring employees, would the level and type of education, the job applicants had, make a difference to you? Why or why not?

Key Points Education beyond high school can make you a better-informed, more capable person with a broader perspective on the world. Education beyond high school can make you a better-informed, more capable person with a broader perspective on the world. Everyone’s situation and goals in life are a little different. A four-year degree isn’t right for everyone. Everyone’s situation and goals in life are a little different. A four-year degree isn’t right for everyone. You may be interested in community college, junior college, trade school, or technical training. You may be interested in community college, junior college, trade school, or technical training.

Key Points The level of education you achieve can make a huge difference in how much money you’re able to earn, also called your earning power. The level of education you achieve can make a huge difference in how much money you’re able to earn, also called your earning power.

THIS WEEK WE ARE GOING TO FOCUS ON WAYS THAT YOU CAN CONTINUE YOUR EDUCATION

What types of SCHOOLS do you know of? What do you think is required to get into these different types of schools? Options for Higher Education

Trade School Also called vocational school, technical school or career college. Also called vocational school, technical school or career college. Offers specific career-oriented programs that teaches students the skills needed to perform a certain job or jobs. Offers specific career-oriented programs that teaches students the skills needed to perform a certain job or jobs. Considered to be devoted to training not just education. Considered to be devoted to training not just education.

Trade School Programs of Study Examples Culinary Arts Culinary Arts Fashion Fashion Automotive Automotive Electrician Electrician HVAC HVAC Cosmetology Cosmetology Computer Technician Computer Technician

Trade School This kind of college can be a two-, three- or four-year program. This kind of college can be a two-, three- or four-year program. Some technical colleges offer only associate degrees, diplomas and certificates. Some technical colleges offer only associate degrees, diplomas and certificates. Other technical colleges offer bachelor's degrees. Other technical colleges offer bachelor's degrees.

Trade Schools Examples Trade Schools Examples ITT Technical Institute ITT Technical Institute DeVry DeVry ECPI ECPI Sanford Brown Institute Sanford Brown Institute The Art Institute The Art Institute Culinary Institution of America Culinary Institution of America

Trade School You do not have to take general education classes. You do not have to take general education classes. For example, if you attend a technical college in hopes of becoming a plumber, you will focus on plumbing only. For example, if you attend a technical college in hopes of becoming a plumber, you will focus on plumbing only.

Community College Offers courses parallel to the freshmen and sophomore offerings at four-year colleges and universities. Offers courses parallel to the freshmen and sophomore offerings at four-year colleges and universities. Offers students the opportunity to transfer to a four-year school. Offers students the opportunity to transfer to a four-year school. Offers career-oriented certificate programs or associate’s degrees for students concerned with finding immediate employment. Offers career-oriented certificate programs or associate’s degrees for students concerned with finding immediate employment.

Community Colleges No residential facilities. No residential facilities. Often funded by the government. Often funded by the government. NOVA NOVA Germanna Germanna

Junior College (informally, a juco) is a two-year post-secondary school whose main purpose is to provide academic, and vocational education. (informally, a juco) is a two-year post-secondary school whose main purpose is to provide academic, and vocational education. Offers an associate's degree. Offers an associate's degree. Many junior college students continue their education at a university or college, transferring some or all of the credit earned at the junior college toward the degree requirements of the four- year school. Many junior college students continue their education at a university or college, transferring some or all of the credit earned at the junior college toward the degree requirements of the four- year school.

Junior College Many offer residential facilities. Many offer residential facilities. Known for sports programs. Known for sports programs. Many of the junior colleges are privately controlled. Many of the junior colleges are privately controlled. Grant AA(associate of arts degree) Grant AA(associate of arts degree) Junior Colleges with sports programs are attractive to high school athletes with a low GPA because it allows them to continue their education AND play sports while having the opportunity to improve their GPA before transferring to a four year school. Junior Colleges with sports programs are attractive to high school athletes with a low GPA because it allows them to continue their education AND play sports while having the opportunity to improve their GPA before transferring to a four year school.

Junior College Examples Louisburg Junior College in North Carolina Louisburg Junior College in North Carolina Allegany College of Maryland Allegany College of Maryland Potomac State College of West Virginia Potomac State College of West Virginia Hargrave Military Academy of Virginia Hargrave Military Academy of Virginia

4 Year College Grants a bachelor's degree in liberal arts or science or both. Grants a bachelor's degree in liberal arts or science or both. Students take a variety of courses and get a general background which prepares them for jobs or professions in teaching, social work, computer programming, accounting, and the sciences. Students take a variety of courses and get a general background which prepares them for jobs or professions in teaching, social work, computer programming, accounting, and the sciences. Prepares students for graduate study. Courses range from Arts and English to Science and Math. Students usually complete some general courses first and then decide on a major. Prepares students for graduate study. Courses range from Arts and English to Science and Math. Students usually complete some general courses first and then decide on a major.

University An institution for higher learning with teaching and research facilities constituting a graduate school and professional schools that award master's degrees and doctorates and an undergraduate division that awards bachelor's degrees. An institution for higher learning with teaching and research facilities constituting a graduate school and professional schools that award master's degrees and doctorates and an undergraduate division that awards bachelor's degrees.

What is the difference between a college and an university??? Colleges are made up of different academic departments, while universities are made up of different colleges or schools that are separate entities from each other. Colleges are made up of different academic departments, while universities are made up of different colleges or schools that are separate entities from each other. Most large universities also offer advanced programs resulting in doctoral and masters degrees. Most large universities also offer advanced programs resulting in doctoral and masters degrees. For example, if you go off to a college, you might declare a major in the Business department. But if you go to a university, such as the very large Texas A & M —more than 38,000 undergrads alone!–you will eventually find yourself a student in one of the 10 smaller colleges on campus, like the College of Liberal Arts or the College of Science. For example, if you go off to a college, you might declare a major in the Business department. But if you go to a university, such as the very large Texas A & M —more than 38,000 undergrads alone!–you will eventually find yourself a student in one of the 10 smaller colleges on campus, like the College of Liberal Arts or the College of Science.Texas A & MTexas A & M Of course, there are exceptions to every rule. Boston College is very much a university, but since there already is a Boston University, the moniker (name) remains. Of course, there are exceptions to every rule. Boston College is very much a university, but since there already is a Boston University, the moniker (name) remains.Boston CollegeBoston University,Boston CollegeBoston University,

Difference continued… Should you make a decision based on whether or not your school is a college or university? Should you make a decision based on whether or not your school is a college or university? Absolutely not. Your decision needs to be made based on your own goals and interests, not on whether a school is a college or a university.

Nursing Schools Some nursing schools are affiliated with hospitals and students receive R.N. (registered nurse) degrees upon completion of training. Some nursing schools are affiliated with hospitals and students receive R.N. (registered nurse) degrees upon completion of training. Others are affiliated with colleges or universities where graduates receive an R.N. degree and a bachelor’s degree, as well as preparation for careers in nursing administration. Others are affiliated with colleges or universities where graduates receive an R.N. degree and a bachelor’s degree, as well as preparation for careers in nursing administration.

Engineering or Technical Universities A professional institution that provides training programs in the fields of engineering, technology, and the physical sciences. A professional institution that provides training programs in the fields of engineering, technology, and the physical sciences. Often known as Institutes of Technology or Polytechnic Institutes. Often known as Institutes of Technology or Polytechnic Institutes. Degree programs range from four to five years for completion. Degree programs range from four to five years for completion. Georgia Tech, Virginia Tech, North Carolina A&T Georgia Tech, Virginia Tech, North Carolina A&T Even though they are well known for their technical programs of study….other degrees are also offered. Even though they are well known for their technical programs of study….other degrees are also offered.

Military School Prepares officers for the armed forces—Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marines. Prepares officers for the armed forces—Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marines. Private and state-supported military schools and the Coast Guard Academy operate on a college application basis. Private and state-supported military schools and the Coast Guard Academy operate on a college application basis. Degree programs offered are usually in the areas of business, engineering, technology, and military science. Degree programs offered are usually in the areas of business, engineering, technology, and military science. Virginia Military Institute, The Citadel Virginia Military Institute, The Citadel

School of Arts The principal focus of this specialized type of institution is the study of the visual, performing, and/or creative arts. The principal focus of this specialized type of institution is the study of the visual, performing, and/or creative arts. If it is accredited as a college, an art school or art institute may grant its graduates a bachelor or master of fine arts (B.FA or M.FA) degree. If it is accredited as a college, an art school or art institute may grant its graduates a bachelor or master of fine arts (B.FA or M.FA) degree. Many colleges and universities also have art schools as a part of their program offerings. Many colleges and universities also have art schools as a part of their program offerings. Chicago College of Performing Arts Chicago College of Performing Arts George Mason University College of Performing Arts George Mason University College of Performing Arts Visual Arts Center of Tidewater Community College Visual Arts Center of Tidewater Community College

Difference Between Degrees Certificates are non-degree offerings most often offered in technical and vocational fields of study. Certificates are non-degree offerings most often offered in technical and vocational fields of study. Associate Degrees are generally completed in 2 years of college study and are usually sufficient for entrance into college/University. Associate Degrees are generally completed in 2 years of college study and are usually sufficient for entrance into college/University. The Bachelor of Science Degrees are usually awarded in sciences, professional or technical fields of study. The Bachelor of Science Degrees are usually awarded in sciences, professional or technical fields of study. Bachelor of Art Degrees are usually awarded in the humanities and arts fields of study. Bachelor of Art Degrees are usually awarded in the humanities and arts fields of study.

Difference Between Degrees Master of Arts (MA) and Master of Science (MS) programs lead to the customary first graduate degrees in the liberal arts and sciences. Master of Arts (MA) and Master of Science (MS) programs lead to the customary first graduate degrees in the liberal arts and sciences. Usually take two academic years of study beyond a bachelor’s degree to complete. Usually take two academic years of study beyond a bachelor’s degree to complete.

Difference Between Degrees Doctorate Degrees Doctorate Degrees Doctor of philosophy (Ph.D.), awarded in many of the humanities, arts, and sciences Doctor of philosophy (Ph.D.), awarded in many of the humanities, arts, and sciences Doctor of education (Ed.D) Doctor of education (Ed.D) Doctor of public health (DPH) Doctor of public health (DPH) Doctoral programs usually consist of course work and independent research culminating in a dissertation or other formal presentation of the results of independent study. Doctoral programs usually consist of course work and independent research culminating in a dissertation or other formal presentation of the results of independent study.

First Professional Degree Defined as requiring at least two academic years of previous college work for entrance and a total of at least six years of college work for completion. Defined as requiring at least two academic years of previous college work for entrance and a total of at least six years of college work for completion. Degrees awarded upon completion of these programs are: Degrees awarded upon completion of these programs are: DC Chiropractic DC Chiropractic DDS or DMD Dentistry DDS or DMD Dentistry MD Medicine MD Medicine OD Optometry OD Optometry DVM Veterinary medicine DVM Veterinary medicine

Public vs. Private Public colleges are funded by local and state governments. That means they usually charge lower tuition, particularly for in-state residents, than private colleges. Public colleges are funded by local and state governments. That means they usually charge lower tuition, particularly for in-state residents, than private colleges. Private colleges may receive some government funds, but they mainly rely on tuition, fees, endowments and other private sources of funding. Many are affiliated with a religion. Private colleges may receive some government funds, but they mainly rely on tuition, fees, endowments and other private sources of funding. Many are affiliated with a religion.

Other Affiliations Single-Sex Single-Sex All four-year public colleges, and most private colleges, are co-ed. Still, there are dozens of colleges that are specifically for men or for women. All four-year public colleges, and most private colleges, are co-ed. Still, there are dozens of colleges that are specifically for men or for women. Religiously Affiliated Colleges Religiously Affiliated Colleges Some private colleges are affiliated with a religious faith. The affiliation may be historic only or it may affect day-to-day student life. Some private colleges are affiliated with a religious faith. The affiliation may be historic only or it may affect day-to-day student life. Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) At some colleges, most students are African American. Some of these colleges are called historically black colleges and universities. HBCUs usually offer programs, services and activities relevant to black students. At some colleges, most students are African American. Some of these colleges are called historically black colleges and universities. HBCUs usually offer programs, services and activities relevant to black students. Hispanic-Serving Institutions Hispanic-Serving Institutions Some colleges are classified as “Hispanic-serving institutions” by the U.S. government. These are colleges in which at least 25 percent of the total full-time undergraduate enrollment is made up of Hispanic students. Some colleges are classified as “Hispanic-serving institutions” by the U.S. government. These are colleges in which at least 25 percent of the total full-time undergraduate enrollment is made up of Hispanic students.

Ask yourself these questions… What subjects, skills, and possible careers most interest me? What subjects, skills, and possible careers most interest me? What schools offer strong programs in those areas? What schools offer strong programs in those areas? What type of school would be best-suited to my interests and goals? What type of school would be best-suited to my interests and goals? trade school, technical training, junior college, community college, university trade school, technical training, junior college, community college, university Where do I want to live while going to school? Where do I want to live while going to school? at home, on campus, city, small town at home, on campus, city, small town What size school do I want to attend? What size school do I want to attend? What class and campus size suit me best? What class and campus size suit me best? What extracurricular activities interest me? What extracurricular activities interest me? campus newspaper, sports teams, music campus newspaper, sports teams, music

Four Year Colleges & Universities Four year schools offer bachelor’s degrees. Most also offer post graduate degrees such as master’s degrees, doctoral degrees and professional degrees Advantages   Greater selection of majors and classes than are available at a two year school   Generally considered to be more prestigious   Increased access to faculty members who are more involved with research Good Option for:   Students who are confident in their academic ability   Students who are confident about career goals   Students entering professional fields or occupations such as those in the health sciences, law, education or engineering, which may require more advanced degrees

What’s the Difference Between four year schools? Four-year colleges primarily offer programs that lead to a bachelor's degree (BS or BA). May also offer a limited number of programs above the bachelor's level but their primary program offerings are at the undergraduate level.

What’s the Difference Between four year schools? Universities - Offer a significant number of graduate level degrees in addition to bachelor's programs. Some universities are considered research universities. These institutions typically offer a significant number of doctoral degrees as well as professional degrees, for example, law and medicine.

Public Institutions vs. Private Institutions Public Institutions vs. Private Institutions Options for Higher Education Two Year Colleges ( Community & Junior)Two Year Colleges ( Community & Junior) Four Year Colleges & UniversitiesFour Year Colleges & Universities Two-year schools offer certificate programs, technical programs (associates degrees) and transfer programs. The coursework leading to an associate’s degree is usually transferable for credit at a four year school.Two-year schools offer certificate programs, technical programs (associates degrees) and transfer programs. The coursework leading to an associate’s degree is usually transferable for credit at a four year school. Four year schools offer bachelor’s degrees. Most also offer post graduate degrees such as master’s degrees, doctoral degrees and professional degreesFour year schools offer bachelor’s degrees. Most also offer post graduate degrees such as master’s degrees, doctoral degrees and professional degrees Advantages:Open enrollment policyLower tuition cost as compared to a four year schoolTransfer agreements between community colleges and four year schools allow a student receiving a two year degree to be accepted with junior status at any four year school state-wide.Advantages:Open enrollment policyLower tuition cost as compared to a four year schoolTransfer agreements between community colleges and four year schools allow a student receiving a two year degree to be accepted with junior status at any four year school state-wide. AdvantagesGreater selection of majors and classes than are available at a two year schoolGenerally considered to be more prestigiousIncreased access to faculty members who are more involved with researchAdvantagesGreater selection of majors and classes than are available at a two year schoolGenerally considered to be more prestigiousIncreased access to faculty members who are more involved with research Good Option for:Students who are unsure of academic ability Students who are unsure about long term goalsStudents who are concerned about costStudents who are interested in updating existing work skillsGood Option for:Students who are unsure of academic ability Students who are unsure about long term goalsStudents who are concerned about costStudents who are interested in updating existing work skills Public: less expensive than private colleges. Because these school are government run, a large percentage of their budget is received from the state or local government. Students who live in that state pay a relatively low tuition. Out-of- state students usually pay higher tuition rates. Private: tuition is generally more expensive than public institutions because of a lack of financial support from state and local governments. Private institutions depend on tuition, fees, gifts, corporate contributions and endowments. In-state and out- of-state students are usually charged the same tuition.

Public institutions operate in whole or in part on state or federal funds. This means all students regardless of race, religion, sex, are eligible for admission. Public institutions operate in whole or in part on state or federal funds. This means all students regardless of race, religion, sex, are eligible for admission. Private institutions may make exemptions, such as women- only campuses, or men-only, and religious schools and seminaries. Private institutions may make exemptions, such as women- only campuses, or men-only, and religious schools and seminaries.

Finding the Right Fit Do I want to commute or live on campus? Do I want to attend college in a city or in a small college town? In what area of the country would I like to attend college? What size college appeals to me? Small: up to 5000 students Medium: ,000 students Large: over 15,000 students Several campuses are near or over 30,000

Finding the Right Fit OTHER FACTORS: Cost Sports/Activities Majors/Programs Level of rigor Support People with shared values and interests Climate

The Investigation and Interrogation Process Rankings are a good start but also… Go to the school’s website: look at the college catalog, student handbook, student activities/organizations office, athletics, academic departments Visit the campus on a regular day: eat in the dining hall, sit in on a class, walk through the dorms Talk with faculty/students/staff: contact a student leader or dept. chair or dean or someone in “Student Affairs” Separate fact from fiction: campus AND local crime statistics, student newspaper, annual report

Research Project Your College Choices All students will be conducting research on two colleges or universities of interest

Where do you start? If you already know the school that you want to attend, go to the school’s website. Or…check out these sites…