Digestive system

Pennsylvania State Standard ~ – Analyze the interdependence existing among the body systems.

What you will learn: 1. Describe the parts and functions of the digestive system. 2. Explain ways to care for the digestive system. 3. Analyze the interdependence existing among the body systems.

Warm-up O What causes the stomach to growl? O Answer the questions and hand the answer in at the end of class!

Vocabulary O Teeth O Tounge O Saliva O Small intestine O Liver O Gallbladder O Pancreas O Colon O Appendix O Rectum O Stomach O Esophagus O Anus O Villus

Defined vocabulary O Teeth – help break down the food to small pieces. O Tongue – Moves food to the back of the mouth and to the opening of the esophagus. O Saliva – Is 99% water and enzymes that begin to chemical digestion. O Small Intestine – Coiled tube like organ is 20feet long. This is when nutrients are taken up by the body.

Defined vocabulary O Villus – This is the spot that nutrients are pass out of the small intestine to the body. O Liver – Large organ that produces bile to digest fat. O Gallbladder - produces bile as needed into the small intestine. O Pancreas – Organ that produces enzymes and release directly into the small intestine.

Defined vocabulary O Colon /Large intestine – this organ absorbs most of the liquid from undigested food. O Rectum – Solid waste is stored. O Anus – Is the opening to the out side

AMA's Current Procedural Terminology, Revised 1998 Edition. CPT is a trademark of the American Medical Association. Source:

Main function of digestive system O The main function of the digestive system is to turn the food into simple sugars, amino acids, and carbohydrates. This is fuel for the human body.

Function of digestive system O The first stage of the digestive system is the mouth and teeth. O The teeth grid up the food. O Which saliva is mix with the food to break the food down. O The food is swallowed and wave like motion moves the food to the stomach.

Function of digestive system O Second stage is the stomach breaks down the food. O The stomach churns the food. Mixing the food with the gastric juices. O This is done with the gastric juices are mix in the stomach. O The glands in the stomach produce the juices. O The gastric juices break down the proteins. O Then the food is passed into the small intstine.

Function of digestive system O In the small intestine which is about 20ft long. O This is where the small intestine absorbs the nutrients from the food. O Most digestion takes place in the duodenum of the small intestine. Small finger like projections called villus that collect the nutrients. These nutrients are passed into the bloodstream.

Function of digestive system O The three organs that help in digesting the food. Liver, and gallbladder. O Liver – It produces bile, a substance that aids in digestion of fats. O Gallbladder – It holds and releases bile into the small intestine as needed.

Function of the Pancreas O Lies across the back of the abdomen. The pancreas produces enzymes that are necessary to break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. O Cells in the pancreas are called Islet of Langerhans, which produce two hormones (glucagon, and insulin. These regulate sugar in the blood. O Insulin – Is a hormone that stimulates the liver to convert glucose to glycogen. O Glucagon – Is a hormone that stimulates the liver to convert glycogen to glucose.

Stomach page 7

Digestive helpers! Page 6

In human work book. O Fill in the following diagrams: O The stomach page 7 O The alimentary canal page 8 O Digestive system page 5 O Digestion Helpers page 6 O For extra credit finish correctly the Gulp, Gulp crossword puzzle on page 9

Project Digestive System O Follow the direction on the hand out and new power point slide. Is Due? O Use your notes book and other sources to complete the project.

Digestion System Assembly Line Project outline O Assemble line of the digestive system. (40 points) O ORGANS included in this project: salvia, teeth, tongue, stomach, small intestine, villus, large intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and anus. O Traveling paper (55 points) O Describe, in detail (one to two pages), what happens to food and water as they travel through the digestive system. O Include the source of your information; title and which pages you used (5 points).