THE BLOOD UNIT 10 (CHAPTER 17) VIDEO

 What substances does blood transport?  How does blood protect the body from infection?  How are blood cells manufactured? THINK ABOUT IT

10 Lesson 1: The Function and Composition of the Blood Lesson 2: Blood Types Lesson 3: Blood Disorders and Diseases The Blood

LESSON 1 The Function and Composition of Blood video Chapter 10: The Blood

 Explain how blood transports nutrients and waste products, regulates body temperature, and fights infection.  Identify the solid and liquid components of blood.  Describe how the body manufactures blood cells.  Explain the physical properties and function of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.  Describe the process of coagulation. OBJECTIVES

A LITTLE BIT OF BLOOD AND GORE (BLOOD MODELS)  Today we will be making blood our own blood just on a larger scale. Our blood is made up of four main components: white blood cells, red blood cells, platelets, and plasma - each of which serve specific purposes. At your tables make sure to pick up one of each of the following from the front. Come to the front to use other materials as needed.  Starting Materials i. Jar ii. Graduated cylinder iii. Plastic spoon

 the function of blood  the formed elements  physical properties of blood  plasma THE FUNCTION AND COMPOSITION OF BLOOD

 manufacturing blood cells  red blood cells  white blood cells  platelets THE FUNCTION AND COMPOSITION OF BLOOD

FUNCTIONS OF THE BLOOD  Transports  Gases  Waste products  Hormones  Enzymes  Nutrients  Blood cells  Plasma proteins (albumin, fibrinogen, and globulin)  Regulates  Temp  pH  Fluid and electrolytes  Protects  WBC  Antibodies  Clotting factors

FUNCTIONS OF THE BLOOD

 solid portion of blood  red blood cells  carry oxygen  white blood cells  immune response  platelets  clot THE FORMED ELEMENTS (45%)

 blood volume  4–7 liters of blood  taste  salty  color  bright red from artery  dull red from vein PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BLOOD

 liquid portion of blood  90% water  8% plasma proteins  2% mixture of  electrolytes  Nutrients  Ions  respiratory gases  hormones  waste products PLASMA (55%)

THE COMPOSITION OF BLOOD

Match these words with 1 – 4 below: plasma, platelets, bright red, red blood cell. 1. liquid portion of blood 2. carry oxygen 3. clot 4. arterial blood REVIEW AND ASSESSMENT

10.1 CONTINUED  video video

 hematopoiesis  making new blood cells  stem cells make blood cells in  red bone marrow  lymphatic tissue MANUFACTURING BLOOD CELLS

 shape and size  disk-shaped  7 – 8 micrometers in diameter  hemoglobin  binds with oxygen RED BLOOD CELLS (ERYTHROCYTES)

 erythropoiesis  the process of making red blood cells  recycling  red blood cells live 120 days  phagocytosis–RBCs recycled  hemolysis–RBCs broken open RED BLOOD CELLS (ERYTHROCYTES)

 neutrophils  first responders WHITE BLOOD CELLS (LEUKOCYTES)  basophils  produce histamine  eosinophils  allergic reactions

 lymphocytes  T cells  B cells  form antibodies  monocytes  become macrophages WHITE BLOOD CELLS (LEUKOCYTES)

 granulocytes  neutrophils  perform phagocytosis  kill bacteria and fungi  eosinophils  destroy parasitic worms  control allergic responses  basophils  release histamine  active in allergic reactions CHARACTERISTICS OF WHITE BLOOD CELLS

 agranulocytes  lymphocytes  B cells produce antibodies  T cells and NK cells fight cancerous tumors and viruses  monocytes  perform phagocytosis  live longer than neutrophils  morph into macrophages and remove dead cell debris and attack microorganisms

 hemostasis  stops bleeding  steps of hemostasis  vessel wall injury and constriction  platelet aggregation  platelet plug formation and coagulation  blood clot formation and retraction PLATELETS (THROMBOCYTES)

THE PROCESS OF HEMOSTASIS

Fill in the blanks with: basophils, hemostasis, hemoglobin, or T cell. 1. _______________ is a type of lymphocyte. 2. _______________ produce histamine. 3. _______________ binds with oxygen. 4. _______________ stops bleeding. REVIEW AND ASSESSMENT

DRAWING ACTIVITY  As a group pick 4 classes of blood cells. Draw each blood cell write the description, function, life span, and deferential counts

 Why cant someone with type A blood receive blood from a person with type B blood?  What role does the Rh factor play in pregnant women? THINK ABOUT IT

LESSON 2 Blood Types video Chapter 10: The Blood

 Identify the four blood types.  Describe the role of antigens and antibodies in the blood.  Explain the Rh classification system and why it is important.  Identify the purpose of a complete blood count. OBJECTIVES

 blood types  the Rh classification system  complete blood count BLOOD TYPES

 A, B, AB, and O  antigens and antibodies  antigen  on surface of RBC, identify self and non-self  antibody  in blood plasma, mark foreign cells BLOOD TYPES

 agglutination  clumping of RBCs  universal recipient  blood type AB  universal donor  blood type O BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS

 Rh-positive individuals  have Rh factor antigen on RBCs  Rh-negative individuals  do not have Rh factor antigen on RBCs  Rh factor complications  erythroblastosis fetalis  RhoGAM THE RH CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM

 detects blood disorders or diseases COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT

True or False? 1. Blood type O is the universal donor. 2. Agglutination is the clumping of RBCs. 3. Antigens are in blood plasma. 4. Antibodies are on the surface of RBCs. 5. Rh factor is positive or negative. REVIEW AND ASSESSMENT

BLOOD TYPING RESOURCES  blood typing game blood typing game  Pg. 543 in textbook

LESSON 3 Blood Disorders and Diseases Chapter 10: The Blood

 Describe the differences between chronic and inherited anemias.  Identify common blood disorders and diseases.  Explain the difference between leukemia and multiple myeloma, two forms of blood cancer. OBJECTIVES

 What does it mean to be anemic?  Which blood disorder causes yellowing of the whites of the eyes and skin? THINK ABOUT IT

 anemia  jaundice  hemophilia  polycythemia  leukemia  multiple myeloma BLOOD DISORDERS AND DISEASES

 decrease in number of RBCs  insufficient amount of hemoglobin  acquired anemia  deficient diet, parasitic worms, disease  inherited anemia  genetic makeup ANEMIA

 iron-deficient anemia  insufficient dietary intake of iron  bleeding from intestinal worms  pregnancy ACQUIRED ANEMIAS

 aplastic anemia  damage to stem cells in bone marrow  causes  toxins  radiation therapy or chemotherapy  infectious disease  heredity ACQUIRED ANEMIAS

 pernicious anemia  intestines can not absorb vitamin B 12  anemias caused by chronic disease  rheumatoid arthritis  kidney disease  chronic infections  cancer ACQUIRED ANEMIAS

 sickle cell anemia  RBCs have abnormal shape  crises – painful episodes  Cooley’s anemia  cannot produce fully formed hemoglobin  cannot make enough RBCs INHERITED ANEMIAS

 yellow-colored skin and whites of the eyes  excess bilirubin  from breakdown of RBCs  possible liver damage  newborns JAUNDICE photobank.kiev.ua/Shutterstock.com

 hemophilia  inherited  blood does not clot  polycythemia  overproduction of RBCs  causes thick blood BLOOD DISORDERS

 cancer of the blood  acute lymphocytic leukemia  over production of lymphocytes  acute myeloid leukemia  too many myeloblasts LEUKEMIA

 chronic lymphocytic leukemia  high level of lymphocytes  chronic myeloid leukemia  too many granulocytes LEUKEMIA

 plasma cell cancer in bone marrow  may damage bone  treatable  incurable MULTIPLE MYELOMA

Match these words with 1 – 4 below: jaundice, leukemia, anemia, hemophilia. 1. cancer of the blood 2. blood does not clot 3. yellow colored skin 4. decrease in number of RBCs REVIEW AND ASSESSMENT