Communicable Diseases Cover your mouth when you sneeze, or risk spreading the disease!

A disease spread from one person or animal to another person Caused by infective agents (pathogens) Example: Bacteria, Virus Pathogens multiply and damage the cells and their functioning Most commonly spreads via airborne or bacteria ‘Contagious’ or ‘Infectious’ used to describe communicable diseases

Airborne – direct contact not needed Animal – come in contact with infected animal/insect Food/Water – drinking water or eating food contaminated Healthcare – medical waste/equipment Respiratory/bodily fluid – when come in contact with saliva, blood, ejaculate, mucus

Not all pathogens can live for long without a Host What is a host? If I cough without covering but no one is around, will a person who walks in the room an hour later become infected?

Who is most susceptible? Older People Babies Pregnant Women People with a weakened immune system

 Viruses- pieces of genetic material surrounded by a protein coat. Need living cells to reproduce, survive, and thrive  Cold  Flu  Pneumonia  Polio  Measles  AIDS  Chicken pox  EBOLA!

Bacteria- many bacteria’s are essential for life, but some produce toxins and kill cells. What the immune system does not destroy antibiotics can. food borne illnesses Strep throat Pink eye Bacterial pneumonia gonorrhea

Protozoan's- more complex organisms than bacteria, such as pathogenic parasites, most are completely harmless but some can affect people with weakened immune system. Malaria

What is it? Inflammation of the liver Acute - lasts less than 6 months Chronic - persists longer Transmission Sexually transmitted Shared needles (blood) Mother to unborn child Poor sanitation

What is it? Human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV, is the virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The virus weakens a person's ability to fight infections and cancer. Having HIV does not always mean that you have AIDS. SymptomsTransmission Headache -Sharing needles Diarrhea, vomiting-unprotected sex Fatigue Aching muscles Magic Johnson-Former NBA player

What is it? People often use the term "flu" to describe any kind of mild illness, such as a cold or a stomach virus, that has symptoms like the flu. But the real flu is different. Flu symptoms are usually worse than a cold and last longer. The flu usually does not cause vomiting or diarrhea in adults. Transmission Coughing/ sneezing without covering mouth Contact with those that are sick Unsanitary conditions

What is it? Conjunctivitis, infection and swelling of membrane lining the eyelids Causes red blood cells to be more visible, changing appearance of the eye SymptomsTransmission -Pink/red appearance-Touching eyes -Crusting of eyelids/lashes-Blocked tear duct -Itching/burning eyes -Gritty feeling

What is it? Serious disease caused by parasite in mosquitos You can get it from a bite by an infected mosquito. Malaria is rare in the United States. Common in Africa, Southern Asia, Central America, and South America. Symptoms Symptoms like the flu, such as a high fever, chills, and muscle pain Can be more serious – damage to liver, heart, etc

A bite from a parasite-infected mosquito causes malaria. The mosquito becomes infected by biting an infected person and drawing blood that contains the parasite. When that mosquito bites another person, that person becomes infected.

Washing hands- most effective strategy for preventing the spread of disease. Before you eat, put in contacts or make- up, after the restroom, handle animals, etc. Avoid sharing make-up, combs, and brushes, food, drinks, chapstick Avoid unprotected sexual intercourse Avoid unnecessary contact with people who are sick Protect others, cover your mouth!

Coughing and Sneezing Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing or sneezing. Put your used tissue in the waste basket. Then, clean your hands, and do so every time you cough

Depends on the disease! Bacterial – most commonly have medication (anti- BACTERIAL, antibiotic) Viral – no true medication

Hand Washing How do you wash When Why What

What are communicable diseases? How are they spread (transmitted?) What are the three main types of communicable diseases? Examples? Can you prevent? Can you treat?

Ebola?