REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FORESTRY AND WATER AFFAIRS Directorate General for Water Management

Contents  Potential of Water Resources  Legal and Institutional Structure  Basin Protection Action Plan (NATIONAL)  Water Framework Directive and Basin Based Studies  European Union works  Conclusions

GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT TURKEY Surface area ~ 784,000 km 2 Population ~ 74,000,000 people GDP ~ $ 700,000 7 geographical region 81 provinces Capital City Ankara

WATER POTENTIAL IN TURKEY COMING FROM NEIGHBOUR COUNTRIES 7 Billion m 3 COMING FROM NEIGHBOUR COUNTRIES 7 Billion m 3 ANNUAL PRECIPITATION 501 Billion m 3 EVAPORATION 274 Billion m 3 EVAPORATION 274 Billion m 3 ANNUAL SURFACE FLOW 186 Billion m 3 ANNUAL SURFACE FLOW 186 Billion m 3 SURFACE FLOW 193 Billion m 3 SURFACE FLOW 193 Billion m 3 Infiltration to Aquifers 41 Billion m 3 Infiltration to Aquifers 41 Billion m 3 TOTAL USABLE WATER 112 Billion m 3 TOTAL USABLE WATER 112 Billion m 3 Total consumption 43 Billion m 3 Total consumption 43 Billion m 3 ANNUAL USABLE GROUNDWATER 14 Billion m 3 ANNUAL USABLE GROUNDWATER 14 Billion m 3 ANNUAL USABLE SURFACE WATER 98 Billion m 3 ANNUAL USABLE SURFACE WATER 98 Billion m 3 GROSS WATER POTENTIAL 234 Billion m 3 GROSS WATER POTENTIAL 234 Billion m 3

WATER SUPPLY AND CONSUMPTION IN TURKEY Irrigation : 32 billion m 3 (%74)Irrigation: 72 billion m 3 (%64) Domestic: 6 billion m 3 (%15)Domestic : 18 billion m 3 (%16) Industrial: 5 billion m 3 (%11)Industrial : 22 billion m 3 (%20) TOTAL: 43 billion m 3 TOTAL : 112 billion m 3 Year 2010Year 2023

Turkey’s water challenge

8. During the precidency of Sweden beginning of negotiations for Environment - Chapter 27 officially declared at the “Intergovernmental Accession Conference” which took place in Brussel, December 21st, Turkey as EU candidate member

Closing benchmarks Two closing benchmarks for water: Transposition of WFD River basin management plans for 25 river basins

Revising the existing Revising the existing legislation legislation Environmental Law/By- Law on Water Pollution Control New legislation New legislation Harmonization of WFD Water Law* Water Law* By-law on River Basin protection By-law on River Basin protection

PREPERATIONS for WATER LAW A meeting was held in Sapanca with water and severage administrations A meeting was held with university representatives 10 other countries’s laws has been reviewed Worked with international experts for comparison A 2 day workshop was held with 150 participants from 69 administration Sent to 73 different agencies, institutes, NGO’s, universities and municipilities. Meet up with representatives of agencies, institutes, NGO’s and industries. (IEA – International Executives Association) Evaluation of opinions are ongoing. Regulatory Impact Analysis has been prepared.

REQUIREMENT / WATER LAW 1-Inefficiency of the Water Law No: 831 (1926) 2-Confliction and overlaps of responsibilities in existing water legislation: Decreasing the number of authorized and responsible institutions and organizations as much as possible. 3-Necessity of accordance with the EU Water Framework Directive 4-Filling gaps about the water legislation 5-Obligation of considering not just the quantity but the quality of water

Water LawDraft will be send to Prime Ministry to be publicated By-Law on Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs Working Groups RevisionPubliciated in Official Gazette ( – No ) By-law On The Protection of Groundwater Against Pollution And Deterioration Publicated in Official Gazette ( – No ) By-law on quality required of surface water intended for to be obtained or planned to be obtained of drinking water Publicated in Official Gazette ( No ) By-Law on Protection of Water Basins and Preparation of Management Plans Publicated in Official Gazette: 17 October 2012, no By-Law on Surface Water Quality Management Publicated in Official Gazette ( No ) Water Management Steering Committee Prime Minister's CircularPublicated in Official Gazette ( – No ) Draft By-Law on Protection of Drinking Water Basins Will be sent to Prime Ministry for approval Draft By-Law on Water Loss and Leakage Preparation ongoing Draft By-Law on Monitoring Surface, Ground Water, Transitional and Coastal water Preparation ongoing By-Law on Management of Surface Water Quality, Classification and Monitoring, Preparation ongoing Communique concerning Sampling, Analysis and AssessmentPreparation ongoing Existing Studies on Law & Regulations Preparations

15 NATIONAL BASIN MANAGEMENT STRATEGY National Basin Management Strategy ( ) We have established our Basin Management Strategy by combining all the components for basin management within the form of a strategy.

Responsibilities and Roles in Basin Management Water Use Control, Protection Investments on Water Agriculture, Drinking Water, Hydropower, Industry etc. Quality, Quantity Dams, dikes, weirs, pumping stations, water beds etc. Licenses, incentives Operational water management, permits, monitoring, execution, inspection Operation&Maintenance, Construction Coordination, Policy and Legislation Integration with other policies

SOME OF THE WATER RELATED INSTITUTIONS IN TURKEY – EXISTING STRUCTURE PRIME MINISTRY MINISTRY FOR DEVELOPMENT MINISTRY OF FORESTRY AND WATER AFFAIRS DG Water Management DG for Combat against Desertificatiojn and Erosion DG for Nature Conservation and National Parks DG State Hydraulic Works DG Forestry DG Meteorology MINISTRY OF FOOD, AGRICULTU RE AND LIVESTOCK DG Agricultural Reform DG Fisheries and Aquaculture MINISTRY OF ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES DG Mineral Research and Exploration MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND URBANISATION DG Environmental Management DG EIA, Licenses and Inspection DG Disaster Affairs Bank of Provinces DG Conservation of Natural Assets MINISTRY OF INTERIOR DG Local Administrat ions DG Provincial Administrat ions MINISTRY OF HEALTH Directorate of Public Health Directorate of Health Group MINISTRY OF CULTURE AND TOURISM. DG Promotion

ORGANIZATION

19 “Water Management Coordination Commitee” was established by Prime Ministry Cicular, numbered 2012/7. WATER MANAGEMENT COORDINATION COMMITEE TASKS OF WMCC;  Determination of neccessary measures to protect water resources within the framework of integrated river basin management,  Providing intersectoral coordination, collaboration and speeding up investment in water provision for an effective water management,  Devoloping strategy, policy and plan for the realization of the objectives set out in the policy documents of national and international,  Evaluation of implementation of the issues that must be met in public institutions and organizations in basin plans,  Ensuring a high level of coordination and cooperation.

20 Minister of Forestry and Water Affairs Minsitry of European Union Undersecretary Ministry of Science, Industry and Technology Undersecretary Ministry of Environment and Urbanization Undersecretary Ministry of Foreign Affairs Undersecretary Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources Undersecretary Food, Agriculture and Livestock Undersecretary Ministry of Internal Affairs Undersecretary Ministry of Development Undersecretary Ministry of Culture and Tourism Undersecretary Ministry of Health Undersecretary State Hydraulic Works General Director Water Management General Director Nature Conservation and National Parks General Director Combating Desertification and Erosion General Director Meteorology General Director Head of Water Institute WATER MANAGEMENT COORDINATION COMMITEE

COORDINATION COMMITTEE OF WATER MANAGEMENT (central) Basin Management Committee (for each basins)- Studies will be reported to Basin Steering Committee Basin Steering Committee (central)- Results of meeting that will be held once in month will be forwarded to coordination committee BASIN MANAGEMENT COMMITTEES Implementations will be followed closely with a participatory approach An advisor group composing of academicians and NGOs will be formed

Basin Management Committee (for each basins) The Purpose: Checking the ongoing progresses and coordinating the related administrative institutions for preparing and implementing the River Basin Management Plans to protect of surface and ground water resources including coastal water resources with a participatory approach. The committee will report the studies to Basin Steering Committee

Balancing users and protectors23

policy making and -implementation integrated policy making and -implementation separated concentration of tasks at national level concentration of tasks at regional level

River basins in Turkey

 Waste Water Treatment Action Plan  River Basin Protection Action Plans  River Basin Management Plans Akarçay RBPAP Büyük Menderes RBMP WWTAP MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTRY DG Environmental Management MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTRY DG Environmental Management

27 STATUS OF BASIN PROTECTION ACTION PLANS Completed Going to be revised Start in last quarter of 2011

Analysis of current situation in the basin 25 Basins Hot spots Programme of measures Basin Protection Action Plans Improvement of water quality Collection of data on water quality from related instituions River Basin Protection Action Plans (RBPAPs) to be prepared Public participation Pressures and impacts (industrial, domestic, diffuse) Status of infra-structure Climate conditions Water resources Settlements Solid waste disposal situation Protected areas Agriculture and livestock Land use Afforestation, erosion and pasture improvement Chemical assessment Point sources, diffuse sources, pollution loads originating from leachates, and the assessment of total pollution loads Classification of water quality Existing data are assessed Proposals for monitoring network Spots that need to be handled urgently Basin specific problems Special provisions for drinking water areas, e.g. Olive oil sector, sediment transportation, atmospheric deposition, geo- thermal waters, mining Measures to be taken are defined Short- medium- and long-term measures are scheduled Short-term measures to be taken by the municipalities for waste water treatment plants and emergency measures are examined and planned Public participation Draft prepared, public participation ensured Final version published The responsibilities of instituions are defined Basin Protection Action Plans Current and planned status of water resources Water potential of the basin Existing water use Planning status Status of re-use of treated waste water / Planning proposal Estimation of water demands

Basin Protection Action Plans Distribution of Average Precipitation in Basins

Basin Protection Action Plans Land Use in Basins

Basin Protection Action Plans Protected Areas

Basin Protection Action Plans Average Temperature Distribution

Basin Protection Action Plans Water Resources in Basins

Basin Protection Action Plans Locations in the basins

Basin Protection Action Plans Land Works - Designation of Environmental Infrastructures

Basin Protection Action Plans Status of Solid Waste Disposal in Basins-Planning

PRESSURES and IMPACTS Point Sources Domestic Waste Water Discharges Industrial Waste Water Discharges Diffuse Sources Agricultural Facilities, Usage of Fertilizer and Pesticide Livestock Farming Natural Impacts Drought Soil Erosion Solid Waste Leachate Mining Pressures and Impacts in Basins

Water Quality Gökırmak ve Devrez Streamlets COD, BOD: 1-2 NH 4 -N: 2 Total P: 2-3 Gökırmak ve Devrez Streamlets COD, BOD: 1-2 NH 4 -N: 2 Total P: 2-3 Acıçay River BOD: 3-4 NH4-N: 4 NO3-N: 1-2 Total P: 3-4 Acıçay River BOD: 3-4 NH4-N: 4 NO3-N: 1-2 Total P: 3-4 Delice Streamlet BOD: 2 NH4-N: 4 NO3-N: 3 Total P: 2 Delice Streamlet BOD: 2 NH4-N: 4 NO3-N: 3 Total P: 2 Yozgat Streamlet BOD: 3 NH4-N: 4 NO3-N: 2 Total P: 4 Yozgat Streamlet BOD: 3 NH4-N: 4 NO3-N: 2 Total P: 4 Karasu Streamlet BOD: 2-3 NH4-N: 3-4 NO3-N: 1 Total P: 3-4 Karasu Streamlet BOD: 2-3 NH4-N: 3-4 NO3-N: 1 Total P: 3-4 Kırşehir Streamlet COD, BOD: 4 NH4-N: 4 Total P: 4 Kırşehir Streamlet COD, BOD: 4 NH4-N: 4 Total P: 4 Sarımsaklı Water(Karasu) BOD: 2-4 NH4-N: 3-4 Total P: 4 Sarımsaklı Water(Karasu) BOD: 2-4 NH4-N: 3-4 Total P: 4 Acısu BOD: 2-3 NH4-N: 3-4 Acısu BOD: 2-3 NH4-N: 3-4 Kızılırmak COD: 1-2 BOD: 2-3 NH4-N: 2-4 NO2-N: 3-4 NO3-N: 1-2 Total P: 2-4 Kızılırmak COD: 1-2 BOD: 2-3 NH4-N: 2-4 NO2-N: 3-4 NO3-N: 1-2 Total P: 2-4 Water Quality

Schedule for Basin Protection Action Plans

Example: ERGENE RIVER BASIN – Ergene River originates from Istranca Mountain in Tekirdağ City. – It flows into River Meriç, and then flows to the Saroz Gulf. – The whole length of the river is 283 km and it has square kilometers of river basin. – The water potential of Ergene River is 1,71 billion cubic meters per year. – 12% of wheat, 61% of sunflower and 54% of rice productions of Turkey are being produced in the basin.

ERGENE RIVER BASIN There are 53 municipalities, where people are living.

INDUSTRIAL DISTRIBUTION There are 2037 industrial plants in Ergene River Basin.

AMOUNT OF WASTE WATER PRODUCED IN ERGENE RIVER BASIN Since considerable amount of water consumption is met from ground water, level of ground water has been decreased to 100 meters. Domestic Waste Water: m 3 /day Domestic Waste Water: m 3 /day Recently, in parallel with economic developments amount of waste water has increased to m 3 /day.

AVERAGE FLOW RATE OF ERGENE RIVER With discharging waste water, the flow rate of Ergene River has been increased to 4 times of its original flow rate.

OBJECTIVES FOR ENHANCEMENT OF WATER QUALITY IN ERGENE RIVER In order to reach good water quality Short Term COD (3 years) Conductivity Water Quality Class 3 Colour Medium Term COD (5 years) Conductivity Water Quality Class 2 Colour Long Term All Parameters Water Quality Class 2 (10 years) Short Term COD (3 years) Conductivity Water Quality Class 3 Colour Medium Term COD (5 years) Conductivity Water Quality Class 2 Colour Long Term All Parameters Water Quality Class 2 (10 years) OBJECTIVE

ACTIONS VIA ERGENE RIVER BASIN ACTION PLAN Action 1. Works on rehabilitation of stream beds are going on. Action 2. Municipal waste water treatment plants are being constructed by Directorate General for State Hydraulic Works. Action 3. Rehabilitation Organized Industrial Zones are established Action 4. Advanced joint waste water treatment plants for industry are being constructed. Action 5. Processing less polluting raw materials and using less water are being started. Action 6. Works on afforestation and combating soil erosion are going on. Action 7. It is being entered into planned era in Ergene, 1/ plans are being implemented. Action 1. Works on rehabilitation of stream beds are going on. Action 2. Municipal waste water treatment plants are being constructed by Directorate General for State Hydraulic Works. Action 3. Rehabilitation Organized Industrial Zones are established Action 4. Advanced joint waste water treatment plants for industry are being constructed. Action 5. Processing less polluting raw materials and using less water are being started. Action 6. Works on afforestation and combating soil erosion are going on. Action 7. It is being entered into planned era in Ergene, 1/ plans are being implemented.

ACTIONS VIA ERGENE RIVER BASIN ACTION PLAN Action 8. Solid and hazardous waste processing, recovery and disposal plants are being established. Action 9. Pollution from agriculture will be controlled. Action 10. Ergene River is going to be monitored online continually. Action 11. Intimate inspections are going on. Action 12. Practicing environmental friendly production has been started. Action 13. Early warning system against floods is being established. Action 14. Ground water consumption is being controlled. Action 15. Dams, ponds, irrigation facilities are being constructed. Action 8. Solid and hazardous waste processing, recovery and disposal plants are being established. Action 9. Pollution from agriculture will be controlled. Action 10. Ergene River is going to be monitored online continually. Action 11. Intimate inspections are going on. Action 12. Practicing environmental friendly production has been started. Action 13. Early warning system against floods is being established. Action 14. Ground water consumption is being controlled. Action 15. Dams, ponds, irrigation facilities are being constructed.

. DRINKING WATER BASIN SPECIAL PROTECTION PLANS Determination of Special Provision studies are being conducted for the protection of drinking water basins.

TRAINING WITH CERTIFICATE IS CARRIED OUT BY THE COORDINATION OF WWF AND GENERAL DIRECTORATE OF WATER MANAGEMENT We are struggling with water loss and leakage, developing standards, passing to certificate phase. Important steps for the reuse of treated domestic wastewater. The project ( Euro) is being started with Afyonkarahisar Municipality under the scope of Holland bilateral cooperation studies. STUDIES FOR REUSE OF TREATED DOMESTIC WASTEWATER IN IRRIGATION WATER FOOTPRINT STUDIES IN TURKEY WATER EFFICIENCY AND ECONOMY

Project titled “Capacity Building on Water Quality Monitoring” was submitted to the Component I of IPA for the Programming Year UNDER THE SCOPE OF EURO EU TWINNING PROJECT IN BÜYÜKMENDERES ERGENE SUSURLUK SAKARYA AKARÇAY BASINS DETERMINATION OF MEASURING STATIONS, PARAMETERS WHICH WILL BE MEASURED AND MEASUREMENT INTERVALS

DG State Hydraulic Works DG Meteorology DG Mineral Research and Exploration Maden İşleri Genel Müdürlüğü Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock Governorates (Special Provincial Administrations) Municipalities USBS (National Water Information System) e-state Other related institutions and organizations Water Database of the Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs Water Database of the Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs Envanter ve Tahsis Dairesi Başkanlığı Sectoral Water Allocation

Flood management plans are being prepared FLOOD AND DROUGHT PLANS Flood Protection Action Plans start in the West Black Sea Region. Strategies for dry periods are being identified. The impacts of climate change are being identified.

53 WE ARE PROVIDING BASIN WIDE TRAININGS AND PUBLIC PARTICIPITATION  39 persons received a certificate in the Training of Trainers Project.  60 persons received a certificate in Water Footprint Training.  Basin management training is given to municipalities.  NGO pool is formed.  TAIEX application about water economy is confirmed.  Negotiations training is completed.

2027(EU) RBMP TURKEY 2021(EU) RBMP Many Member States will achieve good status at this date 2015(EU) RBMP 2009(EU) RBMP Implementation dates foreseen by the Directive Exemptions RBMP TIME TABLE

River Basin Characterisation River Basin District Significant Water Management Issues Report Programme of Measures River Basin Management Plan Environmental Objectives Monitoring Identification of the River Basin District Formation of working group Timetable and work programme Description of the District Category, class and type of ground/surface water bodies; Description of pressures and impacts Economic analysis of water use Risk analysis Defining ‘initial’ and ‘final’ (biological and chemical) objectives for each water body A program for operational, surveillance and investigative monitoring – chemical & biological, ground- and surface water The main water management issues in the District Long-list of measures, Cost effectiveness analysis, Final list of measures and a regulatory framework including cost recovery A draft RBMP Public consultation, Final RBMP Steps of River Basin Management Plans

56 RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT PLAN GOOD WATER STATUS Ecology Chemistry Hydro- Morphology (Flood, dams, ports, channels, over- abstraction etc) Water Status 56 Sosyal ekonomik ve diğer planlarla entegrasyon HIGH GOOD MODERATE POOR BAD

57 Our planning We will start preparing River Basin Management Plans in 5 basins (Susurluk, Akarçay, Meriç-Ergene, Konya Kapalı, Büyük Menderes) after Under the Institution Building for Pre-Accession (IPA) Programme for 2011, our project proposal of 6.6 million Euro has been approved for the basins named above.

IN WATER SECTOR BASIN APPROACH GOOD PLANNING GOOD MANAGEMENT BALANCING USERS AND PROTECTORS ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL- SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT CONCLUSIONS 58

21/01/10BRUSSELS 26 JANUARY /01/1028 Kasım 2008 Marakeş/Fas59 Thank you for your attention