Social Roles Role of Women Well treated and had considerable legal rights compared to other civilizationsWell treated and had considerable legal rights compared to other civilizations Same legal rights as men (land, property, divorce)Same legal rights as men (land, property, divorce) Left women to be economically independentLeft women to be economically independent Primary role was in domestic lifePrimary role was in domestic life Common title for a married women in ancient Egypt was “nebet per” meaning “the lady of the house”Common title for a married women in ancient Egypt was “nebet per” meaning “the lady of the house” Bear and raise childrenBear and raise children Role of Men Head of the family Men could have numerous wives but economically men had only 1 wife Labourers, craftsmen Jobs were hereditary Jobs Labour required for construction projects and was mostly filled by poor, serfs Stability of Egypt thrived as skilled trades were passed from father to son Children always learned the trade from parents; seldom could choose occupation
Ancient Egyptian Housing Middle Class Homes Peasant Homes
Scenes of Ancient Egyptian Daily Life
Making Ancient Egyptian Beer
Making Ancient Egyptian Wine
An Egyptian Woman’s “Must-Haves” Perfume Wigs Mirror
Egyptian Nobility
Egyptian Scribe
Papyrus Paper Papyrus Plant Hieratic Scroll Piece
Egyptian Math & Draftsmenship ,000100,0001,000,000 What number is this?
Champollion & the Rosetta Stone
Hieroglyphics “Alphabet” 24 “letters” phonetic symbols
Egyptian Creation Myth The Goddess Nut
Egyptian Gods & Goddesses: “The Sacred ‘Trinity’” Osiris Isis Horus
Preparations for the Underworld Priests protected your KA, or soul-spirit ANUBIS weighs the dead person’s heart against a feather.
Materials Used in Mummification 1. Linen 6. Natron 2. Sawdust 7. Onion 3. Lichen 8. Nile Mud 4. Beeswax 9. Linen Pads 5. Resin 10. Frankinsense
Preparation for the Afterlife
Egyptian Mummies Seti I B. C. E. Queen Tiye, wife of Amenhotep II B. C. E. Ramses II B. C. E.
Journey to the Underworld A boat for the journey is provided for a dead pharaoh in his tomb. The dead travel on the “Solar Bark.”
Egyptian Book of the Dead
The Final Judgement Anubis Horus Osiris
Stepped Pyramid at Saqqara
“Bent” Pyramid of King Sneferu
Giza Pyramid Complex
Plan of the Great Pyramid of Khufu
The Valley of the Kings
Archaeologist, Howard Carter (1922)
Entrance to King “Tut’s” Tomb
King Tutankhamon’s Death Mask B. C. E.
King Tutankhamon
King Tutankhamun’s Tomb
Treasures From Tut’s Tomb
The Valley of the Queens Temple of Queen Hatshepsut B. C. E.
Ankhenaton: First Monotheist? B. C. E.
The Ankh – The “Cross” of Life
Queen Nefertiti