Outline Anatomy of a Class Encapsulation Anatomy of a Method Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Based on Java Software Development, 5th Ed. By Lewis &Loftus
Advertisements

© 2011 Pearson Education, publishing as Addison-Wesley Chapter 4: Writing Classes Presentation slides for Java Software Solutions for AP* Computer Science.
Fields, Constructors, Methods
1 Classes, Encapsulation, Methods and Constructors (Continued) Class definitions Instance data Encapsulation and Java modifiers Method declaration and.
CSCI 1100/1202 April 3, Testing A program should be executed multiple times with various input in an attempt to find errors Debugging is the process.
© 2006 Pearson Education Chapter 4: Writing Classes Presentation slides for Java Software Solutions for AP* Computer Science A 2nd Edition by John Lewis,
Chapter 4 Writing Classes. © 2004 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved4-2 Writing Classes The programs we’ve written in previous examples have.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley Java Software Solutions Foundations of Program Design Sixth Edition by Lewis.
Chapter Day 7. © 2007 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved4-2 Agenda Day 7 Questions from last Class?? Problem set 1 Corrected  Good results 3.
ECE122 L6: Problem Definition and Implementation February 15, 2007 ECE 122 Engineering Problem Solving with Java Lecture 6 Problem Definition and Implementation.
1 Classes, Encapsulation, Methods and Constructors Class definitions Scope of Data –Instance data –Local data The this Reference Encapsulation and Java.
Classes, Encapsulation, Methods and Constructors
Aalborg Media Lab 26-Jun-15 Software Design Lecture 5 “ Writing Classes”
Chapter 4: Writing Classes Presentation slides for Java Software Solutions Foundations of Program Design Third Edition by John Lewis and William Loftus.
Chapter 4 Writing Classes 5 TH EDITION Lewis & Loftus java Software Solutions Foundations of Program Design © 2007 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved.
ELC 312 Day 6. © 2004 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved4-2 Agenda Questions? Problem set two Posted in WebCT  Due Sept 30  On Page 153&154.
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 4 Writing Classes Java Software Solutions Foundations of Program Design Seventh Edition John Lewis William.
1 Creating Classes. 2 Writing Classes Thus far, we have mainly used existing classes in the Java library  (also main classes for executing) True object-oriented.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley Java Software Solutions Foundations of Program Design Sixth Edition by Lewis.
COMP 14: Writing Classes June 6, 2000 Nick Vallidis.
© 2011 Pearson Education, publishing as Addison-Wesley Chapter 4: Writing Classes Presentation slides for Java Software Solutions for AP* Computer Science.
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley John Lewis, Peter DePasquale, and Joseph Chase Chapter 5: Writing Classes.
Chapter 4 Writing Classes. © 2004 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved2/48 Writing Classes We've been using predefined classes. Now we will learn.
Writing Classes (Chapter 4)
CSC 1051 – Data Structures and Algorithms I Dr. Mary-Angela Papalaskari Department of Computing Sciences Villanova University Course website:
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley Java Software Solutions Foundations of Program Design Sixth Edition by Lewis.
Chapter 4 Writing Classes 5 TH EDITION Lewis & Loftus java Software Solutions Foundations of Program Design © 2007 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved.
Java Software Solutions Lewis and Loftus Chapter 4 1 Copyright 1997 by John Lewis and William Loftus. All rights reserved. Objects and Classes -- Introduction.
Chapter 4 -2 part Writing Classes 5 TH EDITION Lewis & Loftus java Software Solutions Foundations of Program Design © 2007 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All.
Chapter 4 Writing Classes Part 2. © 2004 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved4-2 Classes A class can contain data declarations and method declarations.
CSC 1051 – Data Structures and Algorithms I Dr. Mary-Angela Papalaskari Department of Computing Sciences Villanova University Course website:
© 2004 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved September 12, 2007 Encapsulation ComS 207: Programming I (in Java) Iowa State University, FALL 2007.
Chapter 4 Writing Classes. © 2004 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved4-2 Writing Classes We've been using predefined classes. Now we will learn.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley Java Software Solutions Foundations of Program Design Sixth Edition by Lewis.
CSCI 1100/1202 April 1-3, Program Development The creation of software involves four basic activities: –establishing the requirements –creating.
© 2004 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved September 14, 2007 Anatomy of a Method ComS 207: Programming I (in Java) Iowa State University, FALL.
© 2011 Pearson Education, publishing as Addison-Wesley Chapter 4: Writing Classes Presentation slides for Java Software Solutions for AP* Computer Science.
Chapter 4: Writing Classes. 2 b We've been using predefined classes. Now we will learn to write our own classes to define new objects b Chapter 4 focuses.
Programming in Java (COP 2250) Lecture 10 Chengyong Yang Fall, 2005.
1 Classes, Encapsulation, Methods and Constructors Class definitions Scope of Data –Instance data –Local data The this Reference Encapsulation and Java.
Chapter 4 Writing Classes. © 2004 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved4-2 Writing Classes We've been using predefined classes. Now we will learn.
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 4 Writing Classes Java Software Solutions Foundations of Program Design Seventh Edition John Lewis William.
© 2011 Pearson Education, publishing as Addison-Wesley Chapter 4: Writing Classes Presentation slides for Java Software Solutions for AP* Computer Science.
Chapter 4 Writing Classes. © 2004 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved4-2 Writing Classes We've been using predefined classes. Now we will learn.
Chapter 4 Writing Classes 5 TH EDITION Lewis & Loftus java Software Solutions Foundations of Program Design © 2007 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved.
© 2004 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved3-1 Objects Declaration: String title;  title (object variable) of type String( Class )  title is just.
CSC 1051 – Data Structures and Algorithms I Dr. Mary-Angela Papalaskari Department of Computing Sciences Villanova University Course website:
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 4 Writing Classes : Review Java Software Solutions Foundations of Program Design Seventh Edition John.
Chapter 4: Writing Classes
Writing Classes Chapter 4.
Writing Classes We've been using predefined classes from the Java API. Now we will learn to write our own classes. Chapter 4 focuses on: class definitions.
Anatomy of a Class & Method
Classes A class is a blueprint of an object
Chapter 4: Writing Classes
Chapter 4 Writing Classes.
Chapter 4 Writing Classes.
Chapter 5 – Writing Classes
Encapsulation & Visibility Modifiers
Ch 4: Writing Classes Java Software Solutions Foundations of Program Design Sixth Edition by Lewis & Loftus Coming up: Classes and Objects.
Chapter 4: Writing classes
Chapter 4 Writing Classes.
Outline Writing Classes Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Classes, Encapsulation, Methods and Constructors (Continued)
Chapter 4 Writing Classes
Writing Classes.
Outline Anatomy of a Class Encapsulation Anatomy of a Method
Encapsulation September 13, 2006 ComS 207: Programming I (in Java)
4 Writing Classes Software Solutions Lewis & Loftus java 5TH EDITION
CSG2H3 Object Oriented Programming
Presentation transcript:

Outline Anatomy of a Class Encapsulation Anatomy of a Method Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Encapsulation We can take one of two views of an object: –internal - the details of the variables and methods of the class that defines it –external - the services that an object provides and how the object interacts with the rest of the system From the external view, an object is an encapsulated entity, providing a set of specific services These services define the interface to the object Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Encapsulation One object (called the client) may use another object for the services it provides The client of an object may request its services (call its methods), but it should not have to be aware of how those services are accomplished Any changes to the object's state (its variables) should be made by that object's methods We should make it difficult, if not impossible, for a client to access an object’s variables directly That is, an object should be self-governing Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Encapsulation An encapsulated object can be thought of as a black box -- its inner workings are hidden from the client The client invokes the interface methods and they manage the instance data Methods Data Client Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Visibility Modifiers In Java, we accomplish encapsulation through the appropriate use of visibility modifiers A modifier is a Java reserved word that specifies particular characteristics of a method or data We've used the final modifier to define constants Java has three visibility modifiers: public, protected, and private Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Visibility Modifiers Members of a class that are declared with public visibility can be referenced anywhere Members of a class that are declared with private visibility can be referenced only within that class Members declared without a visibility modifier have default visibility and can be referenced by any class in the same package An overview of all Java modifiers is presented in Appendix E Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Visibility Modifiers Public variables violate encapsulation because they allow the client to modify the values directly Therefore instance variables should not be declared with public visibility It is acceptable to give a constant public visibility, which allows it to be used outside of the class Public constants do not violate encapsulation because, although the client can access it, its value cannot be changed Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Visibility Modifiers Methods that provide the object's services are declared with public visibility so that they can be invoked by clients Public methods are also called service methods A method created simply to assist a service method is called a support method Since a support method is not intended to be called by a client, it should not be declared with public visibility Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Visibility Modifiers publicprivate Variables Methods Provide services to clients Support other methods in the class Enforce encapsulation Violate encapsulation Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Accessors and Mutators Because instance data is private, a class usually provides services to access and modify data values An accessor method returns the current value of a variable A mutator method changes the value of a variable The names of accessor and mutator methods take the form getX and setX, respectively, where X is the name of the value They are sometimes called “getters” and “setters” Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Mutator Restrictions The use of mutators gives the class designer the ability to restrict a client’s options to modify an object’s state A mutator is often designed so that the values of variables can be set only within particular limits Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Quick Check Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Why was the faceValue variable declared as private in the Die class? Why is it ok to declare MAX as public in the Die class?

Quick Check Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Why was the faceValue variable declared as private in the Die class? Why is it ok to declare MAX as public in the Die class? By making it private, each Die object controls its own data and allows it to be modified only by the well-defined operations it provides. MAX is a constant. Its value cannot be changed. Therefore, there is no violation of encapsulation.