Focus: How did nationalism grow and transform Europe in the 19 th century? START UP: (Answer in your notes) Read the “Background” and “Major Ideologies”. Which ideologies hold opposite views? Explain. What effect will these ideologies have upon Europe?

Austria - Metternich

Congress of Vienna – 1815 (Metternich) Conservative – Restore Monarchies Balance of Power: Austria, Russia, Prussia, Britain and France BOP maintained peace for 100 Years!

Europe – 1815

Italian Unification – Mazzini, Cavour and Garibaldi

German Unification - Otto Von Bismarck

Bismarck’s speech to parliament “The great questions of the day will not be settled by speeches or by majority decisions – that was the great mistake of 1848 and 1849 – but by blood and iron.

Nationalism – Unifies and Divides Unificiation Italy ( ) – Mazzini, Garibaldi, Cavour Germany ( ) – Otto Von Bismarck Disunification – Ethnic unrest in multicultural Empires Ottoman Empire – Greece gains independence (1830) Austrian Empire – Become Austro- Hungarian Empire

Effects of the “isms” Select the ideology of a conservatism or liberalism in Europe during the 19 th century. Write a letter to a friend stating your political position and expressing your feelings about the effects of nationalism in Europe. (p )