First Aid Chapter 27

Stay Calm ACT What do I do first?

Help, HElp, HELp,…HELP!!! First Aid 3 C’s The immediate, temporary care given to an ill or injured person until professional medical care can be provided. Check the victim. Call 911. Care for the victim. Good Samaritan Laws Universal Precautions Help, HElp, HELp,…HELP!!!

CHECK CALL Check the scene for safety Check for Life threatening conditions A-airway B-breathing C-circulation ‘s-severe bleeding Obtain consent How to Check Toe to head (infant/child) Head to Toe (adult)   Call 9-1-1 or emergency number Give the dispatcher Your name Your phone number Location in which you are Age of victim Symptoms of victim Conscious or unconscious Ask victim Their Name What happened? Where they feel pain Any medical conditions Are they taking any medication CARE Care for the illness or injured person Care and treatment of the injury that you came upon When to use first aid? When to use CPR? When to move a victim?

Open Wounds

Abrasion Lacerations Punctures Avulsions Known as scrapes Are known as cuts Punctures Small deep hole by sharp object Avulsions Skin or tissue pulled torn completely away. Page 760

Burns p. 762

Types of Burns

CPR & Choking emergencies Chapter 27 Lesson 2

Chain of Survival Call Emergency Medical Services CPR Defibrillation Advanced Care

CPR is a first aid procedure that combines rescue breathing and chest compressions to supply oxygen to the body until normal body functions can resume. CPR

Are you okay?

No Response. Call 911 Begin CPR Steps CPR ratio 30:2 Adult CPR

Infant and Child CPR (0-11 years) No Response. Check Breathing. If needed, perform 2 minutes of rescue breathing. Call 911 Infant and Child CPR (0-11 years)

First Aid For Choking Adult/Child Infant Hold infant upside down (updated) Stand Behind Arm across chest 5 back blows Five abdominal thrusts Infant Hold infant upside down 5 gentle back blows 5 chest thrusts (using 2-3 fingers) First Aid For Choking

Shock is a life threatening condition in which the heart is NOT delivering an adequate supply of blood to the body. Symptoms of Shock Cold clammy skin, may appear pale or ashen. Weak, rapid pulse and altered breathing Dull, staring eyes, which ay have dilated pupils Faintness, weakness, confusion, or loss of consciousness First Aid for Shock

RESPONDING TO OTHER COMMON EMERGENCIES Lesson 3

Muscle and Joint Injuries Sprains is an injury to the ligament around the joint. Strains are tears in a muscle. Treatment for minor injuries P.R.I.C.E P-protect R-Rest I-Ice C-Compress E-Elevate Muscle and Joint Injuries

A separation of a bone from its normal position in a joint. Fractures Break in the bone Dislocations A separation of a bone from its normal position in a joint. Injuries to the BONES

UNCONSCIOUSNESS STEPS FOR TREATMENT Is the condition of not being alert or aware of your surroundings. STEPS FOR TREATMENT Call 9-1-1 Check breathing Be prepared for CPR if necessary. UNCONSCIOUSNESS

FAINTING STEPS FOR TREATMENT Try to prevent the fall. Is the temporary loss of consciousness that occurs when not enough blood is flowing to the brain. STEPS FOR TREATMENT Try to prevent the fall. Lay on ground Loosen tight clothing If vomits roll on side If does NOT regain consciousness within minutes…CALL 9-1-1 FAINTING

CONCUSSION STEPS FOR TREATMENT Suspect with any head injury Is a jarring injury to the brain that can cause unconsciousness. STEPS FOR TREATMENT Suspect with any head injury Call 9-1-1 for ALL cases Have them lie down Use first aid to prevent bleeding If suspect head neck back injury-avoiding movement CONCUSSION

ANIMAL BITES TREATMENT Wash the bite area Can transmit rabies, if not treated immediately. Should be treated as an open wound. TREATMENT Wash the bite area Apply pressure to stop bleeding Apply antibiotic ointment and sterile dressing ANIMAL BITES

NOSEBLEEDS TREATMENT Sit down Can occur after an injury When very dry air causes lining of nose to be irritated. TREATMENT Sit down Pinch the soft part of the nose with thumb and finger(5-10min) Lean slightly forward NEVER LEAN BACK If still doesn’t stop may need to use pressure point in the mouth. NOSEBLEEDS

Any substance that causes injury, illness, or death when it enters the body. Can be a solid, liquid or a gas. TREATMENT If suspect call poison control center 1-800-222-1222 Don’t wait for symptoms to start call right away. POISONING

Emergency Preparedness LESSON 4

Severe Thunderstorms Watch Produce Heavy rain and are accompanied by lightening, strong winds, and sometime (hail and tornadoes) Watch Severe weather possible Warning Severe weather been observed or expected soon. Lightening 30/30 rule Severe Thunderstorms

Is a powerful storm that generally forms in tropical areas, producing winds of at least 74 miles per hour. Cause Major flooding Flying debris Property damage Usually evacuated Hurricanes

Tornados SIGNS Darkened or greenish skies A whirling, funnel-shaped windstorm that causes destruction as it advances along the ground in a narrow path SIGNS Darkened or greenish skies Hailstorm that produces large hail A large, dark, low-lying cloud that may be rotating. A loud roar like a freight train Tornados

Winter Storms TO PROTECT Severe can block roads, power lines knocked down and cause floods. Blizzard: a snowstorm with winds that reach 35 miles an hour or more. TO PROTECT Stay indoors Wear layers that repel water. Hat scarfs, mittens Frostbite signs/hypothermia Avoid driving Winter Storms

Floods Return after safe Flash Floods are floods in which a dangerous volume of water builds up in a short amount of time Return after safe Clean and disinfect everything that got wet. Drink bottled water. Floods

Earthquakes WHAT TO DO Inside drop to ground, under table Is a series of vibrations in the earth caused by a sudden movement of the earth’s crust. WHAT TO DO Inside drop to ground, under table Outdoors stay clear of buildings, trees, power lines In car stop car and stay inside avoid stopping by buildings, trees, power lines. Earthquakes

Wildfires Can create a safe zone by there house. Occur most likely in dry regions Can create a safe zone by there house. Free of vegetation around the house If spot report it. Call 9-1-1 Then evacuate. Wildfires

Survival Kits 3 day supply of food Water Battery radio/television Set of items you will need in an emergency situation 3 day supply of food Water Battery radio/television Change of clothing Sleeping bags First aid supplies Important documents Money Survival Kits