Chapter 6 -- Work Presented By: Nicole Capella, Logan Mudlo, & Tony Peadick

  How technology has shifted jobs  Telecommuting & Offshoring  Employee Monitoring  Case Study about Misty Roberson who was fired over a post on Facebook  Discuss possible solutions  Conclusion Overview

  Increased productivity  Computer technology reduces the need for less skilled workers?  Does computer technology eliminate jobs? Work Is Changing as We Know It

Factory Workers Photo: anticap.wordpress.com

Typing Pools Photo:

Meter Readers Photo: consideratecare.com

 Fear Caused People to Overreact Burning Weaving LoomsDestroying Sewing Machines Photo: usa-fashions.com Photo: villageofhopeuganda.com

 But…New jobs were also created.

Manufacturing Microprocessors Photo: ixbtlabs.com

Computer Security Photo: locvtvs.blogspot.com

Computer Programmer

 How Far Will Automation Go?

IBM Watson Source:

 Offshoring  The practice of moving business processes or services to another country, especially overseas, to reduce costs  Data processing and computer programming jobs were some of the first offshoring examples.  Popular sites include: India, Canada, Brazil, and China.

 Offshoring  In 2005, offshoring of knowledge work drastically increased.  This generated more worries of job loss in the US  Enrollment in computer science dropped after the “dot-com bust” in the early 2000s.

 Offshoring  Problems and side effects of offshoring:  Consumers complain about customer service representatives, because accents are difficult to understand  Employees in U.S. companies need new job skills (e.g., managing, working with foreign colleagues)  Increased demand for high-skill workers in other countries forces salaries up

 Telecommuting Working at home using a computer electronically linked to one's place of employment Mobile office using a laptop, working out of your car or at customer locations Fulltime and part-time telecommuting

 Telecommuting  Benefits  Reduces overhead for employers  Reduces need for large offices  Employees are more productive, satisfied, and loyal  Reduces traffic congestion, pollution, gasoline use, and stress  Reduces expenses for commuting and money spent on work clothes  Allows work to continue after blizzards, hurricanes, etc.

 Telecommuting  Problems  Employers see resentment from those who have to work at the office  For some telecommuting employees, corporation loyalty weakens  Odd work hours  Cost for office space has shifted to the employee  Security risks when work and personal activities reside on the same computer

 Questions for Discussion  Would you be okay with relocating to another country if your company decided to offshore?

  1. Learning About Job Applicants  Web and Social media offer new collection of info  Ways company can protect applicant’s privacy  2. Monitoring of Employees  Survey  What employers monitor Main Topics

  Offer new collection of info on job applicants  Employers read blogs  Look for positive info (charitable work)  Some hire companies that specialize in performing background checks  Important to maintain and protect barrier between work and personal activities  Restrict info Web and Social Media

  1. Do you think it is an invasion of privacy for an employer to search the Web for information by and about a job applicant?  2. Should there be legal restrictions on the kinds of info about a job candidate that prospective employers can look at on the Web? Questions:

  No ethical obligation to choose applicant based on info related to job  Can learn more info about applicant  Reasonable and Responsible Decisions  Some employers are overcautious  Employers have the most at stake when choosing applicant Employers Decision

  1. “Third-Party” Companies  Inappropriate info never seen by employer  Less complaints  2. Search policy clear to applicants  Applicant’s approval  Fake profiles Ways Company Can Help Protect Applicant’s Privacy

 Monitoring of Employees Time ClockTime Log

Surveillance Camera Footage Surveillance cameras can now store enormous amounts of info for long periods of time due to the growth of storage capabilities.

  Majority of employers monitor their employees  Survey by American Management Association and the ePolicy Institute in 2007  Findings  Employers monitor:  Telephone calls  Computer usage (Web surfing)   Voic Monitoring Employer Systems

  Prohibit use of work , computers and other devices for personal use  Telecommuters  2 problems from employers perspective  Overhead  Security  Accept trend Work & Personal Communications

CASE STUDY

  Misty Roberson fired as a clerk at Harbin Clinic for a post about her sick child Ethical Scenario

  “After being at the immediate care for two hours, I finally have answers to what was wrong with Alli’s fever because work had no appointments. Can you believe it?” Misty’s Post

  Misty and her family  Harbin Clinic  Other employees  Facebook  Misty’s Friends  Customers of the clinic Interested Parties

  Employer:  Demonstrates Power/Control  Reassess How Operate  Employees:  Gain Knowledge Benefits

  Misty and Other Employees  Positive Right: ?  Negative Right: Freedom of Speech  Employer  Positive Right: Put policies into place that deal with Social Media usage  Negative Right: To make money  To get rid of those in the company that do not help them accomplish making money Negative and Positive Rights

  Misty’s Friends  Negative Right: Freedom of Speech  Facebook  Positive Right: Impose their policy stating they are not responsible for things posted on Facebook that violate the law Negative and Positive Rights

  1. Misty cleans up her page and applies for another job  Does next employer have right to know she had trouble with social media?  2. Employer should give Misty a chance to explain the context of the post before firing her.  Offer a warning  What would you do if you were the employer?  3. Misty lets it go and moves on with her life Solutions

  The best solution is Solution #2.  Why?  Employer won’t be viewed as being “overcautious” and Misty will have a chance to explain so she does not lose her job  Utilitarianism View – overall happiness increases We think…

  How technology has shifted jobs  Telecommuting & Offshoring  Employee Monitoring  Case Study about Misty Roberson who was fired over a post on Facebook  Discuss possible solutions Conclusion

  "ACM Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct." Association for Computing Machinery. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Apr  Baase, Sara. A Gift of Fire: Social, Legal, and Ethical Issues for Computing Technology. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson, Print.  "Fact Sheet 7: Workplace Privacy and Employee Monitoring." Workplace Privacy and Employee Monitoring. Privacy Rights Clearinghouse, Apr Web. 15 Apr  Staff, AOL Jobs. "Misty Roberson: Fired For A Facebook Post About Her Sick Child?" AOL Jobs. N.p., 8 Feb Web. 10 Apr References: