Jacob Ivester

 Advanced agricultural techniques increased the crop yields, therefore needing more advanced technology to keep up with supply and demand.

 First reliable steam engine  Cotton Gin  Telegraph  Sewing Machine  Telephone  Airplane  Model T assembly line

 Cities had poor sanitation  Pollution increased  Prices were lowered because products could be mass produced

 Political- Women held jobs partly because their children were at free schools. Urbanization increased due to people moving to the cities to find jobs.  Economic- Farmers weren’t needed as much because the technology replaced some of the human labor, although they still needed farms to produce food for the growing population.

 Smaller businesses were undercut by the larger factory run businesses.  Labor laws were put in to effect. An average week would be working 12 hours a day for six days.

 More things were manufactured, therefore they were easier to buy.  Jobs increased because of the growth of factories.

 The Stamp Act  The Tea Act  Nobody wanted to pay the taxes  Boston Tea Party

 American colonies gained independence from England.  Women could now divorce their husbands.  Native Americans lost land due to settling colonists.  The new nation experienced inflation after the money printed, called Continentals, became so common that it had no value.

 Poor people were heavily taxed  More and more French people wanted equality and freedom.

 A parliament that was created by the French third estate.  They recognized the Church, ended feudalism, and put a limit to the monarchy in France.

 The National Convention was held for 3 years and it created the public education system. It was basically a peaceful way of doing the revolution.

 Napoleon gained power and became emporor.  He controlled most of Europe except for Sweden, Austria, and Great Britain.  For a while Napoleon was the King of Italy.  The Napoleonic Code gave freedom of religion. It also specified that government jobs would go to the person that is most qualified.

 It was a conference of the representatives of the European countries.  It restored order and power to the European nations after the Napoleonic Wars.

 Haitian, Brazilian, Mexican, and Venezuelan.

 Attempted 3 revolutions. First 2 failed, but third was a success and led to him gaining power in Venezuela.

 Races mixed.  Slave owners were harshly violent to slaves which led to the slaves’ uprising.

 He was French but fought for Haitian Independence. He was captured and killed before Haiti was independent, but the work was finished by others.

 They want the government to intervene in the economics, bot not the social part of society.

 They think the government should make changes to make a better society, but not make drastic changes.

 Extreme patriotism that usually crosses the line.

 Everything is owned by the government, and is shared by the government distributing it among the people. Nations have sought after being true socialists, but it has never happened.

 He came up with the idea of socialism.

 Otto von Bismarck unified Germany. Germany was made up by a lot of separate states.

 He unified Germany.

 Political and social movements in the 19 th century that unified the states that made up the Italian peninsula.

 The movement to reestablish Israel as Jewish nation.

 A war in which Great Britain, France, Sardinia, and Turkey defeated Russia.

 Serfs were freed from private estates and households.

 Industrialization, exclusive markets (English made goods sold exclusively to colonies), and belief of racial supremacy.

 Poem by Rudyard Kipling. Imperialists understood the poem because it “justified” imerialism.

 Belief that natural selection occurs within humanity.

 Direct- A country gained a colony through conquest.  Indirect- A colony is given a document of Independence.

 An Independence war in India.

 Created to support the Indian movements. Founded in 1885 after the idea was suggested by a British man, Allan Octavian Hume.

 He caused a lot of wars. He fought three wars with France. He also fought with the Ottoman Empire.

 The conference regulated colonization and trade in Africa by European nations.

 British wanted to buy tea from China, but China would only accept silver or gold as currency. The British made opium and sent it there. After the Chinese were addicted, the British jacked up the prices on the opium and redirected the flow of silver and gold back into Britain.

 The British gained access to more Chinese ports.

 A civil war in southern China from

 A movement to reform China and create peace with the western nations.

 A region in which a state or organization has significant influence of some kind.

 An uprising in China to prevent foreign influence.

 A policy that if a foreign country intervenes in American politics, then they may potentially commit a hostile act.

 A war that was caused by America taking control of former Spanish colonies n the Caribbean and the Pacific Ocean.

 A foreign affairs policy which allowed multiple empires to have access to China.

 When Japan opened itself to the rest of the world.

 Restoration of Emperor Meiji in Japan.

 A war between China and Japan for the control of the Korean peninsula.

 The empire’s economy went downhill and couldn’t match with the rest of Europe.

 He took control away from the Ottoman Empire.  He made Egypt a modern state.

 The first safe and successful steam engine was introduced in 1712 by Thomas Newcomen, although the first steam engine was invented in 1698 by Thomas Savery.

 They were designed to fit any machine of the same kind.

 Invented by Eli Whitney in 1793 and patented in It made separating the cotton fibers from the seeds much more efficient.

 Samuel Morse created the first practical telegraph in 1837, although the idea had been played with before. He patented it in 1840.