World History/ Geography March 2 nd, 2016 WARM UP: WHO IS MARTIN LUTHER? (NO, NOT KING) Today’s Objective: Students will understand the significance of the Protestant Reformation and identify its consequences

What is the Protestant Reformation Protestant Reformation- a religious movement in the 1500’s that split the Christian church in western Europe and led to the establishment of a number of new churches. People grew displeased with the churches… Financial Corruption Abuse of Power Immorality Today’s Objective: Students will understand the significance of the Protestant Reformation and identify its consequences

Why did the Catholic Church have to change? 1. Corruption: Popes: Political concerns  Julius II: led wars  Should Popes be leading wars? Military power? 2. MONEY: church officials used the office to advance career and money  Indulgences- pardons issued by the pope that people could buy to reduce a soul’s time in purgatory  Pay money….Grandma can go to heaven! YAYYYYY 3. Not Very Useful: Parish Priests were clueless when asked questions  Almost all Bibles were written in LATIN before the Reformation. Today’s Objective: Students will understand the significance of the Protestant Reformation and identify its consequences

Martin Luther  Luther was a German monk and professor of theology (religion) at the University of Wittenberg.  One of the many leaders of the Protestant Reformation.  Questioned the certainty of salvation  Catholics: faith + works = salvation  Martin Luther: Humans never do enough good…not saved by works but by FAITH! God is merciful and grace cannot be earned, justified by faith  Luther objected to a saying attributed to Johann Tetzel that "As soon as the coin in the coffer rings, the soul from purgatory springs." Today’s Objective: Students will understand the significance of the Protestant Reformation and identify its consequences

Luther Looks for Reforms Luther criticized Church practices, like selling indulgences. He wanted to begin a discussion within the Church about the true path to salvation. He nailed his Ninety-Five Theses, or arguments, to the door of Wittenberg cathedral for all to see.

95 Theses 95 Theses written against the sale of indulgences Nailed to the door of the Castle Church in Wittenberg on October 31, Theses translated, printed, & distributed throughout Germany within 2 weeks

◦ Charles V, HRE & king of Spain: “Surely one individual could not call into doubt the tradition of the entire church?” ◦ Luther was ordered by the courts to recant his books Diet of Worms (April 17-18, 1521) “Unless I can be instructed and convinced with evidence from the Holy Scriptures or with open, clear, and distinct ground of reasoning, my conscience is captive to the Word of God. I cannot and will not recant, because it is neither safe nor wise to act against conscience. I can do no other. Here I stand. God help me. Amen” Short answer… He said NAHHH

Results ● Charles V: Edict of Worms: you have got to be wrong ML, you are banished and indeed should be executed! ● Frederick –hide! Meanwhile, churches become supervised by the govt. Charles V: ruler of the Holy Roman Empire Prince Fredrick III: worked for constitutional reform of the Holy Roman Empire and protected Martin Luther after Luther was placed under the imperial ban in 1521.

Protestant Teaching: Justification by Faith Alone The Bible is the only source of truth. People can read and understand the Bible themselves. Salvation comes only through faith in Christ. Luther’s Bible

Important Developments that aid the process to Reformation! The Printing Press!!!! ◦Books are now available to the masses not just the rich! (Faster production=cheaper books) ◦People have access to books whenever they want them. ◦People have access to the Bible Printing Press = 3,600 pages per workday Hand Printing = 40 pages per workday

The Printing Press & ML Luther’s ideas spread quickly with the help of the printing press. Luther’s supporters distributed copies of his speeches and essays far and wide. Millions of people sided with Luther against the Roman Catholic Church.

What was the most important consequence of the printing press? In your groups, read the background essay and discuss the significance of the printing press. After reading the background essay, answer your questions from your assigned document Once you complete the document, create a poster (like the one seen to the right) to support your claim that your document supports the idea for the most important consequence of the printing press Use the last page essay outline for guidance Restate the Question (in your own words) Claim 1 (Important Consequence) Claim 2 (Important Consequence) Evidence 1 (fact from document) Evidence 2 (fact from document) Thesis Statement Important Facts from Background Essay

 As a group, walk around the room reviewing each group’s posters.  As you evaluate each group, record their claims and thesis in your notebooks  Discuss the importance of each group’s claim and evidence used  Keep in mind what you believe is the most important consequence of the printing press  After the gallery walk, write an opening paragraph answering our DBQ question as if you were going to write the entire paper Important consequences of the printing press Doc A: claim thesis Doc B: claim ◦ thesis Doc C: Claim ◦Thesis Doc D:Claim ◦Thesis Doc E: Claim ◦Thesis What was the most important consequence of the printing press?