300 Hyper-V 2012 in visoka razpoložljivost v privatnem oblaku Jože Markič, Microsoft

300 Sources of Downtime

300 Agenda  Understanding the various technologies in Windows Server 2012 that can reduce downtime for a private cloud deployment

300 Hyper-V Availability Suite

300 Core OS Resiliency Features

300 Planned Downtime

300 Live Migration  Moves a running VM between hosts with no user-perceived downtime  Client is not aware the VM moved to another server  Maintains open TCP connections to the guest OS  Clients stay connected  Enables draining a server with zero downtime for planned maintenance  Note: PING is a poor tool to evaluate a live migration  ICMP works at the IP layer and TCP is what makes a live migration seamless

300 Complete VM Mobility Across the Datacenter Live Migrate VM and Storage to Clusters Live Migrate VM and Storage Between Clusters Live Migrate VM and Storage to Stand-Alone Server You can move a VM anywhere in your datacenter with zero downtime!

300 Live Migration - Initiate Migration Client accessing VM Live Migrate this VM to another physical machine IT Admin initiates a Live Migration to move a VM from one host to another VHDX

300 Live Migration - Memory Setup Copy Memory content is copied to new server VM pre-staged The first initial copy is of all in memory content VHDX

300 Live Migration - Brownout: Copy Dirty Pages Pages are being dirtied Client continues accessing VM Client continues to access VM, which results in memory being modified VHDX

300 Live Migration - Brownout: Incremental Copy Smaller set of changes Recopy of changes Hyper-V tracks changed data, and re- copies over incremental changes Subsequent passes get faster as data set is smaller VHDX

300 Live Migration - Blackout Partition State copied VM Paused Window is very small and within TCP connection timeout VHDX

300 Live Migration - Post-Transition: Cleanup Old VM deleted once migration is verified successful Client directed to new host ARP issued to have routing devices update their tables Since session state is maintained, no reconnections necessary VHDX

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Simultaneous Live Migrations  Windows Server 2012 now supports the ability to do multiple live migrations in parallel  Unlimited number of live migrations can be performed in parallel  Default configuration of 2 simultaneous LM’s per host  Wield this power wisely  Excessive number of simultaneous migrations may actually result in overall longer times than serially  Lets discuss on the next slide…

300 Parallel Live Migrations Number of simultaneous live migrations Minutes Disclaimer Results will vary based on hardware Network Migrate VM

300 Dynamic Optimization Feature in SCVMM 2012 Rebalances VMs across hosts Live migration  Keeps cluster balanced  Avoids VM downtime  Supports heterogeneous clusters Managed resources  Considers CPU, memory, disk IO, network IO  Optimize when above resource threshold  Considers entire cluster Options  Manual or automatic  User controlled frequency  Configurable aggressiveness

300  Feature in SCVMM 2012  Rebalance the workload and turn off machines when using Dynamic Optimization  Conserve energy in the data center  Keeps the cluster balanced, and avoids VM downtime or latency through lack of resources  Uses out-of-band power management  User defined schedule Power Optimization

300 Zero Downtime Automated Patching  Cluster-Aware Updating  Streamlines ‘Patch Tuesday’  Zero downtime patching!  Coordinator updates nodes in the cluster  Coordinates with Windows Update Agent (WUA)  Updates in a rolling fashion, 1 node at a time  Serially steps through all nodes  Coordinator can be made clustered, for Self-Updating mode Workflow 1.Scan nodes to identify appropriate updates needed 2.Identify node with fewest workloads 3.Nodes drained 4.Call to WUA to patch (which leverages WSUS or Windows Update) 5.Verify successful 6.Repeat Steps 2 – 5 on next node 7.Repeat on remaining nodes Update Coordinator Admin Initiate Cluster-Aware Updating

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Storage Migration  Move a VHD or VHDX from one host to another with zero downtime  Storage Migration between hosts without shared storage is done over SMB protocol  Storage Migration accelerated by arrays that support Offloaded Data Transfer (ODX)  Enables draining a storage array for planned maintenance

300 Storage Migration – Initiate Migration Storage Migrate this VHDX to another disk Client accessing VM VM stays running servicing clients VHDX

300 Storage Migration – Create Destination VHDX  New VHDX created on destination storage New VHDX created on new storage VHDX

300 Storage Migration – Mirror Writes  Reads are from Source VHDX  Writes are done to Source VHDX and also synchronously to the Destination VHDX Writes mirrored to new Destination VHDX Reads are from Source VHDX VHDX

300 Storage Migration – Copy Data  Source VHDX data is copied over to Destination VHDX  Only unchanged blocks are copied over VHDX data copied from Source to Destination ODX will accelerate file copy SMB leveraged if storage is not accessible to this server VHDX

300 Storage Migration – Post-Transition Cleanup  Once all data is synchronized VM is switched to new VHDX  Source VHDX is only removed once verified to be running on Destination VHDX  Enables roll-back Reads and Writes transitioned to new VHDX VHDX

300

Unplanned Downtime

300 Failover Clustering  Failover Clustering is a distributed system that health monitors servers and takes recovery action  Protects from unplanned downtime:  Hardware  Host OS  VM  Guest OS  Apps in VMs  Unplanned downtime results in VM restarted on another server  Session state lost

300 Failover Cluster Health Monitoring  Extensive health monitoring up and down the stack NetFT Node 1 ClusSvc VMMS User Mode Kernel Mode RHS Guest OS VDev NetFT Node 2 ClusSvc VMMS RHS Guest OS VDev vmclusres.dll

300 Resiliency Delivered by Host Clustering  Avoids a single point of failure when consolidating  Survive Host Crashes  VMs restarted on another node  Restart VM Crashes  VM OS restarted on same node  Recover VM Hangs  VM OS restarted on same node  Zero Downtime Maintenance & Patching  Live migrate VMs to other hosts  Mobility & Load Distribution  Live migrate VMs to different servers to load balance

300 FC Flexible storage choices for building clusters SAS RBOD iSCSI FCoE SAS JBOD Shared Storage RAID HBA Software Replication Hardware Replication SMB Data Replication 3 rd party software replication solution Application Replication Example: Exchange SQL AlwaysOn Hyper-V Replica Spaces

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Cluster Shared Volumes (CSV)  Cluster Shared Volumes (CSV) is a clustered file system in Windows Server 2012  Enables all servers in a Failover Cluster to access a common NTFS volume  Provides a layer of abstraction above NTFS  Provides applications complete abstraction with respect to which nodes actually own a LUN  Applications can failover without requiring drive ownership changes  No dismounting and remounting of volumes  Faster failover times (aka. less downtime)  Increases resiliency and availability

300 CSV I/O Fault Tolerance VM running on Node 2 is unaffected Coordination Node SAN Connectivity Failure I/O Redirected via network VM’s can then be live migrated to another node with zero client downtime VHDX

300 Application Availability with Guest Clustering  Guest Clustering is creating a Failover Cluster inside of the virtual machines and failing over applications across VMs  Delivers:  Application Health Monitoring  Application within VM crashes, application automatically restarts or fails over  Application Mobility  Guest OS needs patching or VM needs maintenance, application moved to other node Cluster

300 Combining Host & Guest Clustering  Best of both worlds for flexibility and protection  VM high-availability & mobility between physical nodes  Application & service high-availability & mobility between VMs  Cluster-on-a-cluster does increase complexity  Mixing physical and virtual nodes is supported  Must pass Validate CLUSTER iSCSI or FC Guest Cluster SAN

300 VM Monitoring  The host identifies & recovers from services failures in the guest  Application level recovery  Service Control Manager (SCM) or event triggered  Guest level HA recovery  Failover Clustering gracefully reboots VM  Host level HA recovery  Failover Clustering fails over VM to another node  Generic health monitoring for any application  Monitor services through Service Control Manager  Generation of specific Event IDs

300

Disaster Recovery

300 Hyper-V Replica  Hypervisor level replication  Point-in-time replication of a VM to a remote server  RPO of 5 minutes VHDX

300 Multi-Site Clustering  Automatic and manual failover for DR  Supports 3 rd party hardware and software based replication

300 Choosing a Disaster Recovery Solution Hyper-V Replica RPO = 5 minutes RTO = Manual (longer) Cost = In-box in Windows Server Complexity = Low Multi-Site Clustering RPO = 0 minutes* RTO = Automatic (fast) Cost = High Complexity = High *depending on 3rd party replication solution

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Fault Tolerant Solutions  Fault tolerant solutions can deliver zero downtime for any unplanned hardware failure  Requires special hardware  Gives higher levels of availability for a broader set of unplanned downtime scenarios  Partnership with Stratus  Mission-Critical Hyper-V Systems in lock step

300 Summary  Windows Server delivers a breath of features which can increase the resiliency of your Private Cloud  Windows Server 2012 delivers many new availability features  Delivering a resilient cloud includes planning for: Planned Downtime Unplanned Downtime Disaster Recovery

300 Resources  Windows Server 2012 Technical Library Windows Server 2012 Technical Library  Hyper-V Hyper-V  Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2012 Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2012  System Center 2012 Service Pack 1 – Virtual Machine Manager System Center 2012 Service Pack 1 – Virtual Machine Manager  Hyper-V: Anti-Virus Exclusions for Hyper-V Hosts Hyper-V: Anti-Virus Exclusions for Hyper-V Hosts  Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V Best Practices (In Easy Checklist Form) Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V Best Practices (In Easy Checklist Form)  Windows Server 2012 Virtual Labs Windows Server 2012 Virtual Labs  Microsoft Server and Cloud Products Virtual Labs Microsoft Server and Cloud Products Virtual Labs

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