By Rohith nayanar Antony Paul Jinto joy Azhagarasan Tamizhazhagan DESIGN OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDING BASED ON TRADITIONAL BUILDING ‘NALUKETTU’ IN KERALA By Rohith nayanar Antony Paul Jinto joy Azhagarasan Tamizhazhagan GUIDED BY A.Manivannan.M.Tech,(Ph.D)

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION HISTORICAL STUDY AIM SCOPE LOCATION DETAILS OF DESIGN DETAILS OF PLAN

INTRODUCTION The aim of this project is to detailed study and reproducing the design of traditional residential building “Nalukettu” in Kerala. Nalukettu is the traditional homestead, where many generations of families are lived. These types of buildings are typically found in the Indian state of Kerala.

HISTORY These traditional buildings are typically a rectangular structure where four halls are joined together with a central court yard open to the sky. Every structure faces the sunlight, and there is excellent ventilation. Temperatures, even in the heat of summer, are markedly lower within the nalukettu.

CONT….. Main areas of nalukettu are… Nadumuttam(central courtyard) Nalirayam(varandha) Poomukham(sit out) The four halls on the sides are named Vadakkini (northern block), Padinjattini (western block), Kizhakkini (eastern block) Thekkini (southern block)

Plan of old nalukettu

Nalukettu

Nadumuttam

AIM Aspects of nalukettu are taken and redesign the building, Instead of woods and roofing tiles concrete is used. And flooring tiles, roofing tiles, plastering work, painting work is needed for aesthetical appearance. This design comprises of concrete pillars, concrete slabs, and lintels.

SCOPE This type of building is major trend in these days, due to good aesthetical appearance & good features…. Temperature of this building is very low compare to other normal building. Four buildings are joined together ,so earth quake resistance is good… this style of architecture has today become a status symbol among the well to do in Kerala. Nalukettu is evident in the traditional homes of the upper class homestead where customs and rituals were a part of life.

CONTI….    Its a better idea to create nalukettu homes when you want to go traditional , you would like  much light and wind circulation in all over your rooms, when you are not a big fan of  cost cutting.

LOCATION The proposed building site is located kumily in Kerala state. Site is 4 km away from kumily town.

Details of design. Total area - 4000sqft. Buildup area- 2400sqft. Structure – framed structure Analysis – moment distribution. Design – limit state design.

Details of design. Main specialty of these building is a inner courtyard.(3x3) Instead of wood pillars we are used concrete pillars.

Details of design. Poomukam known as main sitout. Instead of this provide portico…

DESIGN DETAILS In the case of new generation Nalukettu the roof structure is made of concrete and finishing is done using  tiles.

DESIGN DETAILS This reduces the usage of wood and will improve the building's security. The tiles laid over the roof will reduce leakage and control the temperature inside during summer season

CONT… Also instead of the open roof ,now the nadumuttam(courtyard) is closed with a high quality glass for the security reasons

DETAILS OF PLAN

DETAILS OF PLAN

DETAILS OF PLAN

COULAMN MARKING

HIPPED ROOF A hip roof, or hipped roof, is a type of roof where all sides slope downwards to the walls, usually with a fairly gentle slope. Thus it is a house with no gables or other vertical sides to the roof. A square hip roof is shaped like a pyramid. Hip roofs on the houses could have two triangular side and two trapezoidal one. A hip roof on a rectangular plan has four faces. They are almost always at the same pitch or slope, which makes them symmetrical about the centerlines

Types of hipped roof

Framed view of the structure..

3D render view of the structure…

“MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD OF FRAME ANALYSIS .” ANALYISIS OF FRAME After proper analysis we got a safe moment in every frame. Manual analysis of frames are find out by using “MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD OF FRAME ANALYSIS .” For live loads , references ,and other values are from the IS 875 part 2.

Loads… For residential building we are taken the Imposed load UDL(KN/M^2) POINT LOAD For all rooms &kitchen 2 1.8 Toilet & Bathroom 2 - corriders, passages, 3 4.5 staircases Balconies 3 1.5

Load applications on beam

Resultant diagram

Beam design.. Span = 4.5m D = 400mm d =360mm Con grade = M20 Steel grade = Fe415 Provide 2 no’s of 16mm dia bar as main reinforcement. provide 2 no’s of 10mm dia bar as hanger bars

DESIGN DETAILS OF BEAM

DESIGN OF COLUMN. SQURE COLUMN DESIGN Column size = 300 x300 mm Design load =530 kN Concrete grade = M20 Steel grade = Fe415 Provide 4 nos of 20 mm dia bar at all corners of main reinforcement Provide 8 mm dia lateral ties @ 300 mm c/c

DESIGN DETAILS OF RECTANGULAR COLUMN

PITCH Lateral dimensions = 300 mm 16 times dia of main bar = (16x 20) =320 300 mm whichever is less Hence adopt 8 mm dia lateral ties @ 300 mm c/c

DESIGN OF COLUMN. CIRCULAR COLUMN Column dia. = 300 mm Design load =300kn Concrete grade ` = m20 Steel grade = Fe415 Provide 6nos of 20mm dia bar as main reinforcement Provide 8 mm dia lateral ties @ 300 mm c/c

DETAIL OF CIRCULAR COLUMN

DESIGN OF SLAB.. Span = 5m Concrete grade = M2o Steel grade = Fe415 Imposed load = 2kN/m2 Floor finish =1kN/m2 Effective depth = 205mm Overall depth = 230mm Provide 10mm dia bar 250mm c/c as main reinforcement Provide 8mm dia bar @ 300mm c/c as distributors

DESIGN OF FOOTING S.B.C of soil = 200KN/m2 Concrete grade = M20 Steel grade =Fe 415 Axial load =300KN Assume 10% of self wt =30KN Total load =330KN Area of footing =(Total load/S.B.C) =(330/150) =2.20m2

CONT.. Size of footing = (2.20)=1.48 m Hence adopt 1.5 x 1.5 m size as square footing. 20 mm dia bars as main reinforcement. Adopt 300 mm as spacing

DESIGN OF STAIRCASE Tread = 300mm Rise = 150mm Adopt M20 concrete , Fe415 steel Dia of a main bar = 12mm Clear cover = 15mm

CONT.. Width of landing beam= 300mm Width of landing on either side=1m Height of the floor = 3.05m No of rises per flight = 11 nos No of thread per flight = 10 nos

CONT.. Effective span = 3.86m Effective depth,d=195mm Total factored load = 16.28kN/m Bending moment,Mu=30.32kN.m Area of reinforcement, Ast=452.6mm² Provide 12mm dia bars @ 249mm c/c

VIEW FROM ARCHI CAD

conclusion In our project we have made an attempt to design a residential building as framed structure. The shear force and bending moment diagram for the framed structure for the residential building was done by using STRAP software. All the members were designed by limit state method, which is more rational and realistic in comparison with other design methods.

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