Notes What is a myth? A myth is a traditional story rooted in primitive folk beliefs of cultures. Uses the supernatural to interpret natural events Explains.

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Presentation transcript:

Notes

What is a myth? A myth is a traditional story rooted in primitive folk beliefs of cultures. Uses the supernatural to interpret natural events Explains the culture’s view of the universe and the nature of humanity A study of a culture’s myths reveals the way of life and thought of a culture.

Breaking down the word for meaning

What kind of myths are there? Greek Roman Egyptian Norse African Asian Native American and others, too! Our Focus = GREEK MYTHS

What are the purposes of Greek myths? 1. To teach a moral lesson 2. To explain the origin and trials of human life 3. To glorify the good and desirable qualities of mankind

What is Mount Olympus? In Greek mythology, twelve gods and goddesses ruled from atop Greece's Mount Olympus, a tall, snowcapped mountain in eastern Greece. n Aphrodite n Apollo n Ares n Artemis n Athena n Demeter From Mount Olympus, these gods presided over every aspect of human life. n Dionysus n Hephaestus n Hera n Hermes n Poseidon n Zeus

Gods and Goddesses

Zeus Roman Name: Jupiter (also Jove) King of all gods God of thunder and lightning

Hera Roman Name: Juno Queen of gods Goddess of marriage

Aphrodite Roman Name: Venus Goddess of love and beauty

Apollo Roman Name: Apollo God of poetry, healing, prophecy Associated with the sun

Ares Roman Name: Mars God of war and violence

Artemis Roman Name: Diana Goddess of the hunt and the moon

Athena Roman Name: Minerva Goddess of wisdom and war Goddess of domestic arts

Demeter Roman Name: Ceres Goddess of agriculture Goddess of fertility

Dionysus Roman Name: Bacchus God of wine God of the Greek stage

Eros Roman Name: Cupid Young god of love

Hades Roman Name: Pluto God of the Underworld King of the dead

Hebe Roman Name: Juventas Goddess of Youth Cupbearer to the Gods

Hephaestus Roman Name: Vulcan God of fire and metalworking Blacksmith for the gods

Hermes Roman Name: Mercury Messenger to the gods God of herds, cunning, and travel

Hestia Roman Name: Vesta Goddess of the hearth and home

Hypnos Roman Name: Somnus God of sleep

Iris Roman Name: Iris Goddess of the Rainbow Messenger for Zeus and Hera

Pan Roman Name: Pan God of shepherds and flocks Had the legs, horns, and tail of a goat

Persephone Roman Name: Proserpina Goddess of young grain Queen of the Underworld

Poseidon Roman Name: Neptune God of the seas and waters

Psyche Roman Name: Psyche Goddess of the soul

Heroes

Heracles Roman Name: Hercules Son of Zeus Forced to perform the Twelve Labors

Jason Son of a Greek king Raised by the kindly centaur Chiron Went on a quest to retrieve the Golden Fleece

Perseus Son of Zeus Killed the snake- headed Gorgon Medusa

Theseus Son of a Greek king Killed the hideous Minotaur

Other Mythological Figures

Centaurs Half man, half horse Savage creatures (except Chiron)

Cerberus Gigantic three- headed dog Guarded the gates of Hades

Cyclopes One-eyed giants Made lightning bolts for Zeus

Fates Roman Name: Parcae, Moirae Three sisters Weave, measure, and cut the thread of life for humans

Furies Roman Name: Furiae or Dirae Three goddesses of vengeance Punish evildoers

Giants Huge, monstrous human-shaped creatures Battled the gods

Gorgons Three snake- haired monsters Their look turns men to stone

Muses Nine daughters of Zeus Goddesses who presided over the arts and sciences Inspired artists of all kinds “He is happy whom the muses love.”

Minotaur Monster with the head of a bull and the body of a human Lived in King Minos’ maze

Nymphs Presided over natural phenomena: springs, clouds, trees, meadows, beaches, etc. Depicted as fun- loving, beautiful young women

Pegasus Immortal winged horse Sprang forth from Medusa’s neck when Perseus beheaded her

Satyrs Half goat, half man Like to drink, dance, and chase nymphs

Sirens Three sea monsters Lured sailors to their death with a bewitching song

Titans Ruled the universe before the Olympians came to power Cronus and Rhea, two Titans, were the parents of Zeus