Peace or War – Part I Interdependence – when one nation depends on other nations for certain goods and services Sovereignty – total self-rule Nationalism – great (intense) pride in your country National Interest – when the government decides what is in the nation’s best interest

Foreign Policy – the way one nation chooses to treat other nations U.S.S.R. (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) – the first “communist” nation – created after the Communist Revolution in 1917 (the U.S.S.R. no longer exists!)

The Communist Manifesto – 1848 – written by Karl Marx and Frederick Engles – this book was the basis for communism! The book divides the world into 2 groups: 1.*Capitalists – owners of industry; 2.Proletariat – workers.

The communist philosophy of world conquest: A.One day the workers of the world will unite; B.The workers will overthrow the capitalists (bosses); C.The entire world will become communist.

Nationalist China – the official name of anti-communist China – this nation is located on the island of Taiwan/Formosa The Peoples Republic of China – the official name of communist China – nicknamed Red China – this is the largest populated nation in the world and has ¼ of the world’s population – over 1 ½ billion people

Quotations of Chairman Mao Tze-tung – nicknamed “the little Red Bible of Chinese Communism” – excerpt - Every Communist must grasp the truth, "Political power grows out of the barrel of a gun." Communist China was formally recognized during the administration of President Richard Nixon (perhaps, because Red China often seemed to oppose the expansion of the U.S.S.R.)

Basic Defense Policies of the U.S. A.Protect the U.S. from foreign attack; B.Protect the U.S. by showing other nations how strong we are (which often leads to increased spending on the military). Article 1, Section 8, Clause 11 states – only Congress can declare war Article 1, Section 8, Clause 12 states – Congress can raise and support an army

Article 1, Section 10, Clause 3 states: A.States cannot enter into a treaty without the consent of Congress; B.States cannot have a military without the consent of Congress. The Department of Defense was created in 1947 from 2 departments: 1.*Department of War – created in 1789; 2.Department of the Navy – created in 1798

Civil duties of the Army include: A. Protecting U.S. Territories; B. Helping during times of “disaster”. Contents of the U.S. Army: Regular Army; Reserves; R.O.T.C.; National Guard.

Transition in the size of the U.S. Army: A.1789 – Small – volunteer army; B.1860 – Civil War – the 1 st national draft was used – the led to a major draft protest by immigrants in N.Y. City – 1000 were believed to have been killed! C.1950 – Congress decided to keep a large standing army, even during peace times; D.Today – All –volunteer army.

Draft – Conscription Operation of the last draft (during the Vietnam War) – a young man had to register 5 days before or after their 18 th birthday – nicknamed the “lottery system” Penalty for refusing to sign-up for registration, dodging the draft, etc. – 5 years in a federal penitentiary and a $10,000 fine (today its 5 yrs. + $250,000)

Selective Service – runs the draft Pro’s of the draft: 1.*It makes it easy to increase the size of the military; 2.All Americans should be willing to serve in the military.

Con’s of the draft: 1.*Causes protests; 2.Young people cannot get on with their lives. Draft Classifications: 1–A – Physically fit for duty; 1-A-O - Conscientious objector to war (you could not be set to a combat zone)

1 – S - you were exempt from service because you were still a student in high school 4 – F - you were exempt from service because you were physically, mentally, or morally unfit for duty

The C.I.A. Information gathering process: 1.*Observation; 2.Transmission; 3.Conclusion. Effects of Foreign Policy on our lives: 1.*Prices may go up; 2.Taxes may go up; 3.It may cause a war or a draft.