1 The University is Dead! Long Live the University! James L. Morrison Professor Emeritus, UNC-Chapel Hill Editor-in-Chief Innovate Innovate

2 U.S. Higher Education in the 20 th Century  Type: 2 yr, 4 yr, university  Geographically defined market areas  Function: teaching, research, service  Mostly residential/bricks and mortar  Lecture mode of instruction predominant  Degrees based on credit hours  Predominantly self-contained  Print research publications organized by commercial publishers & associations

3 Change Drivers  Demographics  Globalization  Economic Restructuring  Information Technology

4 What Lies Ahead in Technology  Diminution (Nanotechnology/micromachines)  Wireless networks/Wireless Web/Wi-Fi  Net PC/ Web TV  Groupware/P2P  High Definition TV  Electronic books  Simulations  Virtual reality  Expert systems  WWW; Web course mgt  Low-earth-orbit satellites  Video conferencing  Grid computing  Open source software

5 Comparative Costs: Paper vs. Online  Cost of paper purchase order: between $50 – $70  Cost of online purchase order: between $1 - $5  Cost of paper check transaction: $1.07  Cost of online check transaction: $0.01

6 Cost Comparisons  Cisco’s residential classroom = $1,800 per worker  Cisco’s Web-based classes = $120 per worker  Dow’s in-class health and safety training = $80 million per year  Dow’s DE health and safety training = $50 million per year

7 Pew Learning and Technology Program  BYU first-year writing course-enrolls 3,400 students in about 170 sections redesigned: cost per student dropped 41%  Drexel introduction to computer programming: cost per student dropped 36%  Florida Gulf Coast into to fine arts, cost per student for 2,400 students is $50 compared to $132 students in traditional format

8 The Internet Enables Educators To:  Center learning around the student  Focus on the strengths of individual (and more diverse) learners around the globe  Make lifelong learning a practical reality Web-Based Education Committee, 2001

9 The Changing Higher Education Environment  Certification monopoly at risk  employers concerned about competency  employers relying less on diplomas  Outcomes assessment coming on line  Western Governors University  Accreditation agencies  New competition  Traditional “service areas” fair game  New for-profit educational providers

10 The Changing Higher Education Environment  The “bookless” campus  e-Libraries  NetLibrary  Questia  XanEdu  Jones e-global Library  Services  24-7 reference desks  Online chat book advice  e-Book reading devices on loan

11 The Calendar  Rio Salado College in Phoenix  The University of Phoenix

12 Old ParadigmNew Paradigm  Learned centric  Semester/tri- mester/quarter  Set enrollments (e.g., once a year)  Institutions act independently  Learning centric  Varying lengths of time for learning modules  Continuous enrollments (e.g., once every two weeks)  Institutions act with partners

13 Old Paradigm New Paradigm  Degrees based on credit hours  Information transfer via classrooms/ library  Degrees based on competency exams  Information transfer anytime, anywhere

14 Old ParadigmNew Paradigm  Student role = empty vessel  Faculty role = actor  Faculty lecture  Faculty responsible for content, media, assessment  Student role = knowledge creator  Faculty role = director  Faculty use projects, shared learning  Faculty work as part of instructional team

15 Old ParadigmNew Paradigm  Publications refereed via professional associations and commercial publishers  Print publication the primary mode of information transfer  Institutions publish professors’ papers, drafts, notes via open Web access  Institutions sponsor their professors’ manuscripts to refereed Web-based open access professional journals  Free online publication as prominent as print publications

16 How to Free Up Resources  Move all financial transactions to the Internet  Shift to open source software for routine administrative and business operations  Install WLANS in lieu of hard- wiring  Outsource in-house computing operations

17 How can college and university leaders change institutional culture to more effectively address the demands and challenges of the future?