Weathering and Erosion Unit 4 Study Guide Weathering and Erosion

_____________ are ridges of till left behind when a glacier stops moving forward. Moraines

A(n) _________________ is the triangular or fan-shaped deposit of sediment that forms where a river empties into an ocean or lake. Alluvial Fan

A(n) ____________________ is formed when water empties into a lake or ocean. Delta

Deposition is constructive Erosion and weathering are classified as destructive processes. How is deposition classified? Deposition is constructive

Erosion caused by the sandblasting effect of windblown sediments is called _______________________. Abrasion

How can people reduce wind erosion? Plant trees around farmland

How is water a weathering agent? It dissolves minerals in rocks

Rock fragments dragged by glaciers will gouge ________________ into the rock over which they are moving. grooves and scratches

Running through the farmer’s flat field is a slow moving stream with large meanders. old stream

The four agents of erosion are wind, water, glaciers, and ____________________. GRAVITY

The glacier is an agent of ____________________ that pushes aside trees and drags along rocks. erosion

The major force behind mass wasting is ______________________________. gravity

The movement that occurs during mass wasting is caused by _____________________. gravity

There is more deposition on the inside of the curves than the outside There is more deposition on the inside of the curves than the outside. How would you classify this stream? An old stream

Vegetation on a steep slope _____________________. reduces the force of falling rain reduces the likelihood of a mass wasting event reduces the amount of water erosion

Walking through an underpass on a bike-path, Jude noticed what looked like a stalactite hanging from a crack in the ceiling. It was dripping water. Jude was seeing an example of: erosion, because the water coming through the structure brought minerals along with it. deposition, because as the water dripped it was leaving minerals behind that were forming the stalactite-like structure. even man-made structures are subject to weathering.

Waves usually collide with a shore at slight ____________________. Angles

What can be compared to sandblasting? Abrasion

What determines the amount of runoff? The amount of rain The amount of vegetation The slope of the land

What do hoodoos, sea bridges and caves have in common? They are formed when erosion removes less resistant rocks and leaves behind parts that are more resistant.

What formed when sediments are deposited as water empties into an ocean or lake? Loess

What is a broad, C-shaped curve in a stream? outwash

What is a current that flows parallel to the shoreline? longshore currents

What is a jumble of materials deposited by a retreating glacier? till

What is a process that wears away surface materials and moves them from one place to another? abrasion

What is deposit formed when river waters empty out onto a flat open plain? alluvial fan

What is deposits formed from windblown sand? dunes

What is one difference between an alpine glacier and an ice sheet? Alpine glaciers flow downhill. Ice sheets move outward from central locations.

What is the broad, flat area located next to a river? floodplain

What is the grinding away of rocks or other surfaces by windblown particles? floodplain

What is the laying down or settling of eroded material? deposition

What is underground opening formed in limestone? cave

What is windblown deposits of silt and clay? loess

When people plant vegetation, they ___________________________ erosion. reduce

When people remove vegetation, they ____________________________ runoff and the erosion process. speed up

Where do erosion and deposition occur in a river? Erosion occurs as the moving river picks up soil and moves it downstream. Deposition occurs when the river currents slow as it enters the larger body of water and drops the soil

at the bottom of a rock fall Where do you find talus? at the bottom of a rock fall

What are the factor in the speed of erosion? speed of the water in a stream strength of the wind material of the rock

Which of the following can be found in loess? silt

Which type of processes reshape Earth’s surface? Both constructive and destructive

You drive down an unpaved road on a dry day, and the dust blows up in clouds behind you. When you get home, you see that your car is entirely covered in dirt. What processes have occurred? The billowing dust in the air is undergoing erosion. The dust settling on your car has undergone deposition

You see a stream that is rushing down a slope, and notice rolling rapids. Which type of stream is it? young stream

At a place where a river is flowing slowly, a sand bar has formed At a place where a river is flowing slowly, a sand bar has formed. What created this landform? Deposition

Explain how erosion and deposition work together to create stalactites and stalagmites. As ground water seeps through the earth, it collects minerals. This is erosion. As it drips into the cave, the minerals are deposited forming stalactites and stalagmites. This is deposition.

Identify each point in the diagram below A. Horn B. Arete C. Cirque D. Hanging Valley

Are all agents of erosion also agents of deposition Are all agents of erosion also agents of deposition?_____________ Give three specific examples to support your response. Yes, all agents of erosion are also agents of deposition. After all, materials that are worn away and moved must be deposited somewhere else. For example, a river is an agent of erosion when it picks up sediment as it moves. It is an agent of deposition when its flow slows and the sediments fall out of the moving water. A glacier also both erodes and deposits material. As it moves over land, a glacier picks up rocks and other sediment. When the glacier begins to melt, the rocks and sediments are deposited. Wind also erodes and carries materials, such as sand. When the air flow slows down, the materials are deposited. In that way, wind is both an agent of erosion and deposition.

Compare and contrast erosion and deposition. is a process that wears away surface materials and moves them from one place to another. The major agents of erosion are gravity, glaciers, wind, and water. All agents of erosion deposit the sediments they are carrying when their energy decreases. Laying down of sediments is called