Chapter 19.1 Dawn of the Industrial Age

Focus Q: March 3 What country do you think the industrial revolution began in? How do you think factory made goods impacted people? Women? How do you think the industrial revolution impacted the way people traveled?

FQ: Feb. 23 Who are the positive role models in your life? What have you learned from them? Where do you think they get their strength, drive, passion, or wisdom?

Focus Q What’s more important, inventions or innovations? Give an example of an invention and an innovation.

What you’ll learn…. 1.As industrialization spreads, it changes how and where people live—urbanization spreads. 2.Agricultural growth—population increases—they are sources of labor. 3.Much debate about why the industrial revolution began, but these were necessary and in Britain: natural resourceslabor demand capitaltechnology entrepreneurship

Why it’s important….. 1.The industrial revolution changes how people live, what they eat, what they wear, where they live, creates military powers, will create a huge middle class in the 20 th century…….. 2.However, there are problems…..working and living conditions to begin with.

19 vocab Smelting 1 anesthetic 1 Eli Whitney 2Entrepeneur 2 Capital 2 Turnpike 2 urbanization 3 tenement 3 communism 4proletariat 4

Industrial Revolution Begins 1.Prior to mid-1700s, most people lived and worked in small farming villages 2.Begins slowly in Britain 3.Production changes from simple hand tools to complex machines 4.Spreads around the globe

Metals, Woolens, & Canals Metals, Woolens, & Canals

Early Canals Soo locks animation Britain’s Earliest Transportation Infrastructure

Life Changes as Industry Spreads Work land w/ handmade tools 2.Candles, fires for light and heat 3.Make your own clothes 4.Grow your own food 5.Maybe exchange goods at weekly mkt

Erie Canal

Genesee River, NY

Genesee River, near Rochester, NY

Industrial towns, cities appear 2.Buy food, clothing that someone else made 3.Travel by train or steamship inventions Anesthetic, antiseptic, sewing machine, measure speed of light

1852

This one’s funny…….. What is an innuendo? An Italian suppository

Agriculture Spurs Industry (seem odd?) 1.1 st agricultural revolution was 11,000 years ago Learn to farm, domesticate animals 2.2 nd ag revolution adds to the quality and quantity of farm products

Farming Methods Improve Dutch begin…. 1.Build dykes to reclaim land from the sea 2.Make better use of land by combining smaller fields 3.Use fertilizer from livestock to renew the soil

Farming Methods Improve British 1.Mix different soils for crop yields 2.New methods of crop rotation 3.Grow turnips to restore exhausted soil 4.Jethro Tull invents seed drill

Jethro’s seed drill 1701

Enclosure Increases Output but Causes Migration 1.Rich landowners enclose and consolidate millions of acres of land formerly farmed by peasants. (Commons) 2.Farm output, profits rise b/c larger fields need fewer workers, **Many farm workers go to cities for work** 3.Will be the labor force to work machines of Ind. Rev.

The Enclosure Movement The Enclosure Movement

“Enclosed” Lands Today

Population Multiplies 1.More food spurs population growth 2.From 1700 to 1800 Britain 5 M to 9 million people Europe 120 M to 180 million people Why? 1 st : less famine 2 nd : better hygiene, sanitation, medical care reduce deaths from disease

Check for Understanding Where does the labor force come from for the industrial revolution? Why are they there?

An Energy Revolution 1.Coal used to develop steam engine , BR inventor makes a steam engine to pump water out of mines 3.**1764 James Watt improves (innovation) on the steam engine** Would be key power source for Ind. Rev. Will operate machinery, steamships, RR’s

1788 Boulton and Watt’s Steam Engine

Steam pump animation ns/launch_ani_beam_engine.shtml

Quality of Iron Improves 1.Coal used to make iron which was used to make machines and steam engines 2.***1709 Darby family used coal, not charcoal, to smelt iron smelt—separate iron from ore Cheaper, higher quality*** 3.Abraham Darby III makes 1 st iron bridge

Crossing the River Severn Shropshire, England

Coal

High carbon, high heat

19.1 Left Side—add a simile for XC Draw a picture w/ a caption for each of these causes of the Industrial Revolution: AgriculturalGrowing New Revolutionlabor forceTechnology Causes of Industrial Revolution