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Prepared By: Helal uddin Assistant teacher (computer) Laribari adorsha high school Kalukhali- rajbari. Cell phone:

Narration Class – nine Sub: English 2 nd Part Topic

By the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to… 1. Knowing about the rules of Narration. 2.Knowing kinds of narrtion. 3. Practise the exercise of Narration. 4. Apply it in real life. Learning Outcomes

Narration Direct NarrationIndirect Narration Stated by speaker himself Stated by Others

Two parts in narration Reported Speech “I am fine”. He said to me, Reporting verb For example: He says, “ I am well”. He said, “ I write a novle”. She said, “ I am going to school”. He said, “I have done my duty”. N.B. Here the sentence outside is called reporting verb and the sentence in comma and inverted comma is called reported speech.

Sentences Use this verb in lieu of reporting verb (said to) connectors Assertivetold/saidThat Interrogative askedIf/WH ImperativeOrdered/requested/advised/forbade/proposed/said To/that OptativePrayed/wishedThat Exclamatory Exclaimed with joy/sorrow/wonderthat Direct : Abir said to me, “ He is fine.” Indirect : Abir told me that he was fine. Direct : She said to me, “ Are you reading the book?” Indirect : She asked me if I was reading the book. Direct : The teacher said to students, “Sit down. ” Indirect : The teacher ordered the students to sit down.

Direct : Father said to his son, “ May Allah help you.” Indirect : Father prayed to his son that Allah might help him. Direct : The boy said to us, “ How fine the bird it is!” Indirect : The boy exclaimed with joy that it was very fine bird.

Changing person PersonNominative Case Objective CasePossessive Case 1 st PersonI we Me us My Our 2 nd PersonYouyouyour 3 rd Person He She They It Him Her Them it His Her Their its 1.R.S এর ভিতর 1 st Person থাকিলে R.V এর Speaker অনুসারে Person Change হবে Direct: Direct : Kamal said to me, “ I am drawing the picture.’’ Indirect : Kamal told me that he was drawing the picture. 2. R.S এর ভিতর 2 nd Person থাকিলে R.V এর object অনুসারে Person Change হবে Direct : I said to him, “ you went market.” Indirect : I told him that he had done the work.

3. 3 rd Person Change হবে না Direct : She said, “They are reading a novel.” Indirect : She said that they were reading novel.

Changing Tense Direct NarrationIndirect Narration Present IndefinitePast Indefinite Present ContinuousPast Continuous Present PerfectPast Perfect Present Perfect ContinuousPast Perfect Continuous Past IndefinitePast Perfect Past ContinuousPast perfect Continuous Past PerfectNo Change Past Perfect ContinuousNo Change Direct : He said to me, “ I go to Dhaka.” Indirect : He told me that he went to Dhaka. Direct : Jamal said to me, “ I am catching fish.” Indirect : Jamal told me that he was catching fish.

Direct : The boy said to her, “ Are you reading the book?” Indirect :The boy asked her if she was reading the book. Direct : The teacher said, “ Do the work.” Indirect : The teacher ordered to do the work. Direct : He says to me, “ You knew the matter.” Indirect : He tells me that I had known the matter.

Chaging Modal Auxilay verb Direct NarrationIndirect Narration cancould maymight shallshould willwould mustHad to NeedNeeded DareDared Direct: The girl said, “ I will do the work.” Indirct : The girl said that she would do the work. Direct: Mother said to her son, “May Allah help you.” Indirect : Mother prayed her son that Allah might help him. Direct: Mother said to his son, “ You must take it.” Indirect: Mother told his son that he had to take it.

Changing these words in this way DirectIndirectDirectIndirect HereThereThusSo NowThenTomorrowThe next day AgoBeforeYesterdayThe Previous day ThisThatLast night / week / month /year The Previous night / week /month /year TheseThoseTo nightThat night Come GoNext weekThe following week Direct: The boy said to me, “I saw him yesterday.” Indirect: The boy told me that he had seen him the previous day. Direct: Aunt said to me, “ When did you go here.” Indirect: Aunt asked me when I had gone there. Direct: I said to him, “ Will you come tomorrow?” Indirect: I asked him if he would go the next day.

Exercise Direct: He says, “ I am student.” Indirect: He says that he was student. Direct: Nishat says, “I am going to school.” Indirect: Nishat says that she was going to school. Direct: Runu will say, “She is a good mother.” Indirect:Runu will say that she is a good mother. Direct: The teacher said to me, “ will you go to market?” Indirect: The teacher asked me if I should go to market. Direct: Father said to me, “ Have you written the novel?” Indirect: Father asked me if I had written the novel. Direct: The teacher said to me, “ Always speak the truth.” Indirect: The teacher advised me to speak the truth always. Direct: Nahid said, “ Do not quarrel with him.” Indirect: Nahid forbid not to quarrel with him. Direct: He said, “ Long live our Prime minister.” Indirect: He prayed that their president might live long. Direct: Mother said, “ May Allah help you.” Indirect: Mother prayed that Allah might help me. Direct: They said, “ How beautiful the bird is!” Indirect: They exclaimed with joy that the bird was very beautiful.