Organisms The six characteristics common to living organisms:  Living things are made of cells.  Living things obtain and use energy.  Living things grow and develop.  Living things reproduce.  Living things respond and adapt to their environment.  Living things eliminate waste.

Organisms are made of cells. Single Celled Organisms Whole organism is one cell. Multi-celled Organism Organism is complex and made of many cells. DiatomsAlgae Bacteria Which organisms are single celled or unicellular?

Organisms are made of cells. Eukaryotic Cell The cell(s) of the organism have a nucleus. Prokaryotic Cell The cell of the organism does not have a nucleus.

Organisms obtain and use energy. Autotrophic Organism autos – self trophien – to nourish Organism can produce, or make, its own food. Producer Heterotrophic Organism heteros – other Trophien – to nurish Organism must consume other organisms for food. Consumer or Decomposer Which organisms are heterotrophic? turtle mushroom

Card Sorting Scientist classify organisms into groups according to their________________. These cards have organisms from each group. Try to classify the organisms into groups. characteristics

Kingdom Animalia  Eukaryotic - the cell has a nucleus  Multi-cellular- made of many cells  Heterotrophic – feeds on others consumers  Most have symmetrical bodies  Move around, mobile

Kingdom Plantea  Eukaryotic - the cell has a nucleus  Multi-cellular- made of many cells  Autotrophic – produce food by self producers  Makes food through process of Photosynthesis

Kingdom Fungi  Eukaryotic - the cell has a nucleus  Single Celled (yeast) or Multi-cellular  Heterotrophic – feeds on others; decomposers (absorbs food or nutrients) Yeast

Kingdom Protista  Eukaryotic - the cell has a nucleus  Single-celled or Multi-cellular  Heterotrophic or Autotrophic Which Kingdom Protista organism is autotrophic? Green algae

Amoeba Paramecium kelp Euglena

2 Domains of Bacteria: Kingdom Archaea & Kingdom Bacteria  Prokaryotic - the cell has NO nucleus  Single-cellular- made of one cell (unicellular)  Heterotrophic and Autotrophic  Many are Decomposers (absorb food or nutrients)

Which Kingdom do humans belong?

spirilla bacilli cocci cyanobacteria Domain Bacteria: Kingdom Eubacteria

2 Domains of Bacteria: Kingdom Archaea & Kingdom Bacteria  Prokaryotic - the cell has NO nucleus  Single-cellular- made of one cell (unicellular)  Heterotrophic and Autotrophic  Many are Decomposers (absorb food or nutrients)

spirilla bacilli cocci cyanobacteria Domain Bacteria: Kingdom Eubacteria  More common, found everywhere  Can be beneficial  Can be harmful and cause disease

halophile thermophile Domain Archaea: Kingdom Archaebacteria

halophile thermophile Domain Archaea: Kingdom Archaebacteria  Oldest living organisms on Earth  Found in HARSH conditions: bottom of sea, volcanic vents, high salt or acid, high temperature

Two Kingdom Classification 1758 Carolus Linnaeus Animals (including protista) Plants (including bacteria, fungi).

The Five Kingdom classification 1940 Lynn Margulis Lynn Margulis

3 Domains and Six Kingdoms 1990

3 Domains and Six Kingdoms

Name: Domain Bacteria Type of organism: Bacteria Numbers of species: We cannot begin to estimate Where they are found: Everywhere - all imaginable habitats Description: Bacteria are single celled organisms. Their cells have no nucleus. It is this characteristic that makes them different from any other form of life.. They reproduce by dividing - populations of bacteria can grow very quickly. Bacteria can live everywhere - deep in the ocean in complete darkness, in acid pools, in alkali lakes and even deep within the Earth's crust where no other life exists. They can be rod shaped, spiral shaped or round, with hairs (cilia) or tails (flagella) that let them move around

Name: Kingdom Protista Type of organism: Protists including single celled algae, slime molds and amoeba Numbers of species: Tens of thousands - but probably many more Where they are found: Almost everywhere - in the sea, in freshwater, and on land Description: Protists are single celled organisms Cells they have a nucleus. There are many different types of protists - some that act like plants and make their own food, and some that are more like animal or fungal cells. Some protists cause disease. One protist, called Plasmodium, causes Malaria - a disease that causes thousands of deaths each year.

Name: Kingdom Fungi Type of organism: Fungi including mushrooms, toadstools and yeasts Numbers of species: About 70,000 Where they are found: Almost everywhere - in the sea, in freshwater, and on land Description: Fungi can be single celled organisms like yeasts, or multicellular (many celled), like toadstools mushrooms and molds. Fungi do not produce their own food as plants do. Live off dead or decaying plant or animal material. Fungi can be very useful - penicillin is made from molds, yeast is used in baking and brewing, and we eat mushrooms on toast for breakfast! Where are they on the food chain?

Name: Kingdom Plantae Type of organism: All plants, except for the simplest single-celled algae Numbers of species: Around 400,000 Where they are found: Almost everywhere - in the sea, in freshwater, and on land Description: Plants are multicellular (many celled) organisms. Cells usually have thick cell walls Pigment called chlorophyll that they use to produce their own food in a process called photosynthesis. Algae (like seaweed), mosses, ferns, pine trees, and flowering plants are different groups of plants, with different ways of living and reproducing. Where are they on the food chain?