1. What is the metric TOOL to measure Mass? 2. What is the metric UNIT to measure Mass? 3. If you have to convert units for example 5hg= ____mg what should you do first? Then solve. 4. Is there only one way to solve for volume? Explain your answer Today’s Standard: The student will describe the value of collaboration in developing scientific understanding.

 Here are some of the ways student fees help support our school: The student/parent Handbook, or the planner/student agenda, student recognition activities such as all of the equipment for the game area on the stage, the equipment to be used for outside play at lunch, the treats provided during testing days, all other student recognition activities such as PROWL incentives, Student of the Month, Straight A luncheon, Straight O recognition, your student ID, the PROWL treats at the Student Store, technology, club and activities..... these are all just a few of the ways we support students here at Burkholder. Your fees allow these activities to take place.

 Friday we took our second test in here, ◦ If you passed the test with a 60% or higher you have the OPTION to redo the problems you got wrong BUT ◦ If you got a 59% or below you MUST redo your test by Wednesday or stay afterschool with me Wednesday. As well as you must have a parent sign your test  Let’s go over how to redo tests in here  On the back wall I updated your grades so you can see what you are now getting in science with this test score in the computer

1. What system of measurement do scientists use?A. 2, the number and the unit 2. How many parts does a measurement have?B.Balance 3. Mass is the measure of the amount of what in an object?C.Graduated Cylinder 4. Weight is the measure of the amount of what in an object?D.Grams 5. What is the tool you use to measure the length of something?E. Liquid is liters, and solid is meters 6. What is the tool you use to measure mass of something?F.Matter 7. What is the tool you use to measure the volume of something?G.Meter stick or ruler 8. What is the basic unit of length?H.Meters 9. What is the basic unit of mass?I.Metric 10. What is the basic unit of volume?J.Pull of gravity

11.deca- or deci-12.deca- or kilo- 13.hecto- or kilo-14.kilo- or milli- 15.centi- or deci-16.centi- or milli- Circle the larger prefix

28. What unit of measure should you use to measure the weight of a book? Answer: ___________________ 29. What unit of measure should you use to measure the length of 5 city blocks? Answer: ___________________ 30. What unit of measure should you use to measure the capacity of a bath tub? Answer: ___________________

 Explain in your own words what system of measurement do you feel everyone should use and give reasons to support your choice.

DateTitlePage # 08/31/15Lab Safety1 09/01/15Scientific Method Science Safety Rules (Sponge Bob) 2 09/08/15Lab Equipment Sort3 09/09/15Measurement Notes4 09/14/15Metric Poster5 09/16/15Capacity Estimation6

DateTitlePage # 09/21/15What is Science?1

Science is that activity, the underlying aim of which is to further our understanding of why things happen as they do in the natural world. It accomplishes this goal by applications of scientific method—the process of observing nature, isolating a facet that is not well understood, and then proposing and testing possible explanations. -S. Carey, 2004

 Way of knowing  Study of natural world (process)  Involves observing, proposing explanations, testing explanations  Evidence-based CURIOSITY! ASK WHY.

 Know, use and interpret scientific explanations of the natural world ◦ scientific knowledge (content)  Generate and evaluate evidence and explanations ◦ scientific reasoning, using evidence (process) (National Research Council, 2007, Taking Science to School)

 Understand the nature and development of scientific knowledge ◦ how science works (nature of science)  Participate productively in scientific practices and discourse ◦ how to talk/think about science, how to use scientific knowledge, engage in scientific practice (National Research Council, 2007, Taking Science to School)

 Are scientists totally objective in their work? Why?

1. What is Science? (4 Answers from yesterday notes) 2. Are scientists totally objective in their work? Why? Today’s Standard: The student will describe the value of collaboration in developing scientific understanding.

 Here are some of the ways student fees help support our school: The student/parent Handbook, or the planner/student agenda, student recognition activities such as all of the equipment for the game area on the stage, the equipment to be used for outside play at lunch, the treats provided during testing days, all other student recognition activities such as PROWL incentives, Student of the Month, Straight A luncheon, Straight O recognition, your student ID, the PROWL treats at the Student Store, technology, club and activities..... these are all just a few of the ways we support students here at Burkholder. Your fees allow these activities to take place.

 Friday we took our second test in here, ◦ If you passed the test with a 60% or higher you have the OPTION to redo the problems you got wrong BUT ◦ If you got a 59% or below you MUST redo your test by Wednesday or stay afterschool with me Wednesday. As well as you must have a parent sign your test  Let’s go over how to redo tests in here  On the back wall I updated your grades so you can see what you are now getting in science with this test score in the computer

 If you were absent yesterday we turned in our Unit 1 Notebooks and started our Unit 2  Thursday your Scientific method packet is due

 Way of knowing  Study of natural world (process)  Involves observing, proposing explanations, testing explanations  Evidence-based CURIOSITY! ASK WHY.

 Sometimes we think science can do things it can’t OR does more than we think--there are about science

 When exposed to the vacuum of space, the human body pops. ◦ a human can survive for 15 – 30 seconds in outer space as long as they breathe out before the exposure Food that drops on the floor is safe to eat if you pick it up within five seconds Um, no.. but eating germs and dirt is not always a bad thing as it helps us to develop a robust immune system

 Brain cells can’t regenerate – if you kill a brain cell, it is never replaced. ◦ In 1998, scientists at the Sweden and the Salk Institute in La Jolla, California discovered that brain cells in mature humans can regenerate. An old dog CAN learn new tricks!California A penny dropped from a very high building can kill a pedestrian below the aerodynamics of a penny are not sufficient to make it dangerous. What would happen in reality is that the person who gets hit would feel a sting

1) Science is a system of beliefs. 2) Scientists are totally objective in their work 3) The scientific method is the basic, 5- step guide for conducting scientific research. 4) Doing science involves creativity. 5) Scientific ideas are tentative and can be modified or disproved, but never proved.

 Many students, science teachers, and the general public often believe that science is a system of beliefs  Scientific ideas are established only after compelling evidence has accumulated from observations of nature.  Scientists use reasoning and imagination, study the work of other scientists, and collaborate with other professionals, always looking for evidence to support or disprove their ideas. FALSE

Science involves some subjectivity.  Humans do science  humans are subjective  SO…science involves subjectivity  Personal experience and expectations influence observations  How do we "get around" this? ◦ Controlled settings ◦ Repeat tests ◦ Confirmation from other observers ◦ Large sample sizes FALSE

We will work in our lab groups  Keep the 'checks' (evidence) hidden in the envelope.....  Pull out ONLY 3 checks, and discuss with your group what situation the checks imply  Record the implied scenario.....  Now, pull 3 more checks and modify the scenario  Now, pull 3 more checks and further modify the scenario  Publish your results by describing your analysis to the group

 Would any groups like to share their explanation of the checks

1. What bits of information on the checks were valuable to your group in formulating tentative explanation? ◦ Dates (for sequence and season) ◦ Whose checks they were ◦ Who signed each check ◦ Who the checks were made out to ◦ The amount

2. What information was useless?

3. List any misleading information that was presented.

4. Why do we say that an explanation in science is "tentative”? ◦ Because new data/information may not fit previous explanation, so new one must be developed. Another word for a “tentative explanation” that you might be more familiar with is Hypothesis

5. What’s the difference between a hypothesis and a theory? ◦ A hypothesis is a very tentative explanation, relatively untested, for something puzzling. A theory is a much better established explanation, based on tested hypotheses, and more observations. A theory is still “tentative,” still subject to change, but less likely than a hypothesis. It’s more durable!

6. Is your final hypothesis "correct"? Explain.

 Are scientists totally objective in their work? Why?

1. Today is picture taking day!!! Today’s Standard: The student will describe the value of collaboration in developing scientific understanding.

 cWrI cWrI

What is the scientific method? Today’s Standard: The student will use SI units for measurement.

 Your yellow packets are due today

 This is an excellent way to experience the very real fact that even in science, cultural biases and experiences DO influence interpretations (and even perceptions).  Scientists typically collaborate, share ideas through conventions, meetings, and publications, much as you were doing as you discussed the checks.

 Inference is when observations are influenced by prior knowledge and beliefs  Being able to infer is a survival mechanism, so it is positive.  Inference doesn’t make science weak, but rather forces us to be careful in our observations and interpretation of evidence

What happened here? What do you OBSERVE?

Now what do you think?

Infer what happened based on your observations.

Observation  Any information collected with the senses.  The skill of describing scientific events. Inference  Conclusions or deductions based on observations.  The process of drawing a conclusion from given evidence.

 Look at the following picture what are observations you are making and what are inferences you are making. Fill in the appropriate box in your notes Picture 1

 Look at the following picture what are observations you are making and what are inferences you are making. Fill in the appropriate box in your notes Picture 2 It was actually actor Jude Law having a cigarette while in full regalia for a TV show he's filming called "The Young Pope."

 Be sure to distinguish observation and inference. ◦ Prior knowledge affects observation!  Not all evidence leads to one answer.  Not all scientific knowledge is gained through controlled experiments.

1) Science is a system of beliefs. 2) Scientists are totally objective in their work 3) The scientific method is the basic, 5-step guide for conducting scientific research. 4) Doing science involves creativity. 5) Scientific ideas are tentative and can be modified or disproved, but never proved.

 There is no universal scientific method.  There are methods, but not a single pathway ◦ Observations (before, during, after) ◦ Proposing explanations based on observation ◦ Testing explanations or predictions FALSE

Observations Definition Using senses to gather information Observations lead to questions  How does sand grain size affect the size and abundance of crabs?

Two types of Observations Qualitative:Quantitative: Uses senses to describe Example: color and consistency of sand, minerals present etc. Uses tools to take a numerical measurement Example: actual size of grains, actual size and number of crabs at various sites.

Hypothesis Predicts the answer to a question Hypothesis are based on: Past experience Observations Research

Test your prediction by designing an experiment Conclusion Collect data and and analyze

 Scientific explanations and data interpretation involve creativity and imagination.  Science involves ‘making leaps’ and ‘thinking outside the box.’ TRUE

 Tentative but durable--an important characteristic (strength) of science  We can't look at ALL possible cases or combinations, past present or future.  One bit of evidence that contradicts an explanation requires us to come up with a new explanation.  Doesn't mean scientific explanations are bad or inadequate—we know that based on the evidence at hand, this explanation is durable TRUE

 Progress reports go home today!

1. What is the difference between an observation and an Inference? 2. What is a hypothesis vs. a theory? Today’s Standard: The student will describe the value of collaboration in developing scientific understanding.

 Today we are going to make a flip book for the stages of the scientific method

The Scientific Method involves a series of steps that are used to investigate a natural occurrence.

 There are 2 parts to this: 1.Make observations using your 5 senses to gather information on a topic of interest 2.Develop a question or problem that can be solved through experimentation. Ask yourself:  Why?  How?  What? *Remember it must be something that is measurable.

1. Educated guess about how things work. 2. Prediction 3. Use If, then statements ◦ If ____ [I do this], then _____ [this will happen] 4. Focus on one variable only. Example: If soil temperatures rise, then plant growth will increase.

1. Tests your hypothesis. ◦ Is it accepted (right) or rejected (wrong)? 2. Change only one variable at a time. 3. Use a control or control group ( A group that has nothing done to it. Standard used for comparison in an experiment.) 4. Record data in a table – Results are your dependent variable 5. The outcome must be measurable (quantifiable). 6. In order for results to be valid, conduct several tests.

1. Modify the procedure if needed. 2. Confirm the results by retesting. 3. Reduce the data  Average (Mean) 4. Graph the data to look for trends & relationships

1. Include a statement that accepts or rejects the hypothesis. 2. If hypothesis is rejected, g ive possible reasons for the difference between your hypothesis and the experimental results. 3. Make recommendations for further study and possible improvements to the procedure.

StepsExample ProblemPeter HypothesisHas ExperimentEvery AnalysisAnswer ConclusionCorrect So how do I remember all these steps???