Drugs and Sporting Performance Learning Outcomes: The kinds of drugs used in certain sports What they do to enhance performance Why they are banned What damage can they do

Drugs and Sport In sport, the taking of drugs to illegally improve performance is known as doping, and is a major problem. A drug is a chemical substance that brings about changes within the body. Most drugs were developed as medicines, but they all have possible side effects and often cause damage to the body if abused. Even a simple cold remedy can cause side effects....does anyone know what this is?

Legal BUT Harmful Alcohol Tobacco

Drugs and the IOC Banned Drugs Stimulants Narcotic Analgesics Anabolic Agents (steroids) Peptide Hormones Diuretics Restricted Drugs Corticosteroids Marijuana Alcohol Beta Blockers There are a number of drugs used in sport and the International Olympic Committee has put them into 2 groups:

Banned Drugs Stimulants – benefit to performer 1)Speed up your reactions and increase aggression 2)Make you feel less pain Stimulants – Side effects 1)Feeling less pain can cause an athlete to train too hard. 2)They can lead to – high blood pressure, heart and liver problems and strokes 3)They are addictive Amphetamines are one of the most commonly used can you name another stimulant we use everyday?

Caffeine – Found in coffee and tea!! FACT: Caffeine used to be banned over a certain limit. However, as of the 2004 Olympics, it became a monitored substance. This means that any amount is legal, but its use is being monitored in case it gets misused.

Narcotic Analgesics Narcotic analgesics – benefit to performer 1)Kill pain so that the athlete can train longer and harder and when injured to improve their performance Narcotic analgesics – Side effect 1)They are addictive with unpleasant withdrawal symptoms 2)Feeling less pain can make an athlete train too hard 3)They can lead to constipation and low blood pressure The most common forms of narcotic analgesics are codeine, morphine and heroin – can someone tell me where a mild form of these are found in a product used everyday by us?

Anabolic Agents Also known as steroids Steroids – Benefit to performer 1)Increased muscle size 2)Allow athlete to train harder (It is similar to what the male hormone Does to the body, can anyone tell that hormone?) Steroids – Side effects 1)Can cause – high blood pressure, heart disease, infertility and cancer 2)Women may grow facial and body hair and their voice may deepen 3)Can cause long term damage to major organs of the body 4)Athletes can become very aggressive and personalities can change

Peptide Hormones Also known as Growth Hormones – they have a similar effect to anabolic agents Benefit to performer 1)Increase growth of muscle (improves strength and bulk) 2)Bones grow bigger and faster (can cause a person to get taller) Side effects / Damage 1)High Blood pressure and strokes 2)Abnormal growth 3)A loss of fertility can occur in both men and women EPO – (Erythropoietin) has a similar effect to blood doping which will be looking at later on in the PowerPoint.

Diuretics Benefit to performer 1)Make you urinate, causing weight loss 2)Can flush out traces of other drugs used Side effects / Damage 1)Causes rapid water loss which leads to dehydration 2)Due to a loss of salts in the body can lead to cramps and muscle fatigue One sport where weight is a target is horse racing......can you think of some more???

Restricted Drugs Beta Blockers Lower heart rate, steady shaken hands and reduce anxiety – this allows the athlete to remain calm by slowing the heart rate and breathing and control their nerves in a competition Corticosteroids They help reduce pain and inflammation – helping athlete to carry on with participation in sport when they have minor injuries Alcohol People will use a small quantity of alcohol to calm their nerves – even though this is a legal drug it is still restricted in some sports Local Anaesthetics They reduce pain, might be allowed for medical purposes Marijuana Calm athletes down by making them more relaxed, helps athletes overcome nerves

Blood Doping Blood doping is an illegal process, but is sometimes used to improve the oxygen carrying capacity of the body. As a result, it could give an advantage to those involved in sports requiring endurance. How is it Carried Out? A few months before an important competition, up to a pint of blood is taken from the body. The blood is then stored. In just over a week, the body has replaced the removed blood. Shortly before competition, the stored blood is put back into the body.

Blood doping is extremely dangerous and likely to have the following effects:  There is a high risk of infection (transfer of disease like HIV), as the process is perhaps not done under strict medical conditions.  Capillaries can become blocked due to the ‘extra blood’ which is now in the system.  The kidneys have to work harder to ‘clean’ the extra blood, and may become damaged.  The cardiovascular system may become overloaded and fail to function properly. WHAT SPORTS RECENTLY HAVE BEEN IN THE NEWS WITH ATHLETES CAUGHT WITH BLOOD DOPING?

The testing procedure Athletes have to follow strict procedures for drugs testing and these procedures mean that athletes samples can be double checked. If they are guilty however they can be banned for life! Athletes can be tested for at Time, they do not have to be in competition. When a urine sample is taken, it is divided into bottles to give an A and a B sample. If are found in sample A, then the B sample is tested to the result. If the athlete is found of taking drugs, they will be from competing to give a sample carries the same penalties as failing a drugs test. If anyone is found to have with the sample after it has been given, this also carries serious penalties. Drugs any two drugs double checkguilty banned Failure tampered

ASSESSMENT TASK: In pairs you have to choose a famous person who has been caught doing illegal drugs. You can present this information in the form of a power point presentation or perhaps a pretend interview with that person Choose a famous person (actress/actor, singer, model etc) or a famous sports athlete from any sport – examples on next 2 slides Your power point or interview /video must contain the following information and be creative with colour / photos etc: 1)Background information about person – photos etc 2)Why did they start taking drugs? 3)What did they use? 4)Did they get addicted? 5)What did it do to them? Photos / differences 6)Did they go to re-hab? Did it work? What happened? Assessment rubric is on moodle

FAMOUS ATHLETES WHO GOT CAUGHT or NOW ADMIT THEY USED DRUGS!!! ALL FOR DIFFERENT DRUGS

FAMOUS PEOPLE WHO DIED OR ADMIT USING DRUGS