Department of Defense Voluntary Protection Programs Center of Excellence Development, Validation, Implementation and Enhancement for a Voluntary Protection Programs Center of Excellence (VPP CX) Capability for the Department of Defense Department of Defense Voluntary Protection Programs Center of Excellence Hazard Recognition for Employees Development, Validation, Implementation and Enhancement for a Voluntary Protection Programs Center of Excellence (VPP CX) Capability for the Department of Defense

Objectives After this training you will be able to: Discuss hazard recognition techniques for employees Develop an effective strategy to systematically identify and analyze workplace hazards.

Four Elements of VPP Management Leadership and Employee Involvement Worksite Analysis Hazard Prevention and Control Safety and Health Training.

What is a Hazard? A hazard is defined as a danger which threatens physical harm to employees –An unsafe workplace condition or practices (dangers) that could cause injuries or illnesses (harm) to employees Recognized Hazards –Industry recognition –Employer recognition –Common sense recognition “Foreseeable” hazard.

Hazard Examples Chemical Hazard Physical Hazard Behavioral Hazard

Challenges of Hazard Recognition Safety and Health rules are not understood Lack of education in hazard recognition Hazards are not controlled and often not recognized Lack of ownership.

What’s the Hazard?

Is There a Hazard?

The Fix? Additional Handrail installed

Department of Defense Voluntary Protection Programs Center of Excellence Development, Validation, Implementation and Enhancement for a Voluntary Protection Programs Center of Excellence (VPP CX) Capability for the Department of Defense The Principal of Hazard Recognition Techniques

Principles of Hazard Recognition Techniques Employees are responsible to understand rules and associated hazards Management is responsible for providing training to recognize hazards It doesn’t take a professional to identify hazards Hazard recognition is a key element in doing a job right.

3 Opportunities to Recognize Hazards  Pre-Exposure (Planning Stage)  During Exposure (Auditing and Inspecting)  Post Exposure (Incident Investigation).

Opportunities to Recognize Hazards Pre-Exposure (Planning Stage) –Planning process –Work permits –Pre-use analysis New Equipment, New Chemicals –Management of Change –Turn-around planning –Employee suggestion boxes –Open-door policies –Risk Mapping.

Planning the Work Simple Field Technique: 1.What am I about to do? 2.What do I need to do this job and how will I do it? 3.How could I get hurt? 4.What am I going to do to prevent injury?

Opportunities to Recognize Hazards During Exposure (Auditing and Inspecting) –Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) –Hazops / What-if analysis –Walkthrough inspections and audits –Equipment inspections –Behavioral audits –Management system audits –Self-evaluations –Perception surveys –IH surveys –Housekeeping reviews.

Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) Identify task/job Break job down into successive steps Identify potential hazards for each job step Identify tools and equipment to be used Evaluate effectiveness of controls Implement proper controls/recommendations JSA/JHA Webinar available at:

Sample JSA

Hazard Analysis Methods FMEA Fault Tree Analysis

Self-Evaluation Prior to performing a task Recognize - What is involved that can hurt you or your co-workers? Reduce – How can you keep from being hurt or hurting others while doing this job? After performing a task ask one another –What was your assessment of the situation? –What risks did you identify? –What were the controls? –What can be shared? –Share with others at safety meetings, etc.

Hazard Recognition Techniques During Exposure: –Ten-Second Drill –Out-of-View Audits –Three Key Questions –Behavioral Observations –Inspections and Audits.

Self-Inspections Employees inspect work areas daily Employees inspect their tools, equipment Identify and remove hazards Use Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) Inform others Use results to implement initiatives.

Behavioral Observations

Lean 6S Process Additional guidance available on the VPPCX website at:

Quality Safety Process (QSP) Audits

Employee Initiatives State-of-the-Art Hands-On Fire Extinguisher Training Before After Slips/Trip/Falls Awareness Reducing Worker Fatigue Parking Lot-Traffic Safety

Best Practice Tip

Awareness Process

Perception Surveys Indicate how well employees understand safety and health policies Indicate policy feasibility Identify other weaknesses Communicate results.

Industrial Hygiene Surveys Method for identification, analysis and control of health hazards Quantifies exposure Sampling results –Communicate to employees. IH Survey Today

Participation in Management Audits Involve employees in periodic management system reviews Increase employee participation Improve employee knowledge.

Opportunities to Recognize Hazards Post Exposure –Incident investigations/Near-misses –Trending –After action critiques –Employee hazard reporting –Work orders.

Training Ensure employees are aware of hazards they may be exposed to and prevention methods –New hire, site-specific Conduct 5 minute safety talks Evaluate training –Ask employees to explain one of the hazards of the job and measures to protect themselves.

Hazard Recognition Techniques Engage employees early –New hire orientation training, pre-planning, JHAs, post incident No one fix –Do what works best for your organization Utilize trending data Follow-up Communicate.

VPP OSHA Application This training can be used as part of your site’s documentation of action taken to address the following VPP actions:  Management Leadership and Employee Involvement  Employee Involvement  Worksite Analysis  Employee Reports of Hazards  Self Inspection  Hazard Prevention & Control  Hazard Control Programs  Hazard Elimination & Control  Hazard Tracking  Safety & Health Training  General Training.

Summary In this section you learned about: –The purpose of hazard recognition –Employees role in the recognition of hazards –Various hazard recognition tools and techniques for employees use –How to develop an effective strategy to systematically identify and analyze workplace hazards.