H. B. A. Olaiya, M.A. University of the West of England

Background UN GA RES. 68/237 approved commencement of the International Decade for People of African Descent in 2015 with objectives of recognition, justice and development. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is a rights based approach to development with fundamental goals; e.g. equitable education & development can empower people of African descent. Can norm implementation and policy building achieve fundamental transformative shifts of poverty alleviation and inclusive sustainable development? E.g. the Declaration on Race and Racial Prejudice asserts the principle of equality in human dignity and rights universally as a principle of international law.

AIM OBJECTIVES to interpret and create new knowledge and actionable data on the impact of 2030 Agenda in achieving IDPAD’s objectives. a) define principles of social justice and equality, as links between IDPAD’s objectives and the achievement of sustainable development goals. b) critically analyse implementation of existing anti- discrimination norms, e.g. ICERD 1965 within a human rights framework. c) critically analyse & evaluate policy development by partnerships between public bodies & civil society, to achieve IDPAD’s objectives & implement targets of the 2030 Agenda.

SCOPE to make an original academic contribution through critical overview of SDGs linked to recognition of IDPAD. E.g. SDG 10 – reduce race inequality within and between countries. public bodies & civil society are major stakeholders in the achievement of fundamental transformative shifts of the SDG Agenda, e.g. inclusive poverty alleviation. a cosmopolitan theoretical approach to policy building & norm implementation; illustrating relativist limitations. E.g. dichotomies between international norms and state interests affect Afro–Europeans fulfilment of universal human rights.

“PEOPLE OF AFRICAN DESCENT - Recognition, justice and development” Highlight outcomes locally, nationally and internationally by : critically assessing the achievement of SDGs, in relation to the Plan of Action for IDPAD. use of equality data from qualitative and quantitative collaborative action research with ngos representing African diaspora communities throughout EU states. reflect on universal human rights and development interventions realised through the research project.

Extracts from letter to Frans Timmermans, 1st V.P. of the European Commission, endorsed by Leaders of European Civil Society, dated 9/02/16. “ We call on the EU and each of its Member States to develop an overarching Sustainable Development Strategy with a timeline of 2030 and a concrete implementation plan which coordinates the achievement of the 17 goals, 169 targets and their indicators which goes beyond policy-as-usual by aiming for the highest level of ambition in all the targets, guaranteeing that no-one is left behind. the implementation plan should be based on the results of the European Commission’s on-going gap analysis, where existing EU policies and processes should be scrutinised in light of the need to achieve the 2030 Agenda in its entirety, including all the goals and targets, and they should be adapted where appropriate. Detected gaps should be filled with new actions. the Sustainable Development Strategy and associated implementation policies should be subject to broad consultation with all stakeholders through an institutionalised and inclusive process (…) it is critical that results of the gap analysis are made public and sufficient notice is given of the means and timing of the consultation. the EU will need (…) to ensure that funding mechanisms and budget lines for civil society organisations are aligned with the new needs of the global and European challenges, and with open windows for more process work and holistic approaches. the European Commission should urgently consider designing strong monitoring, review and accountability mechanisms (…) which differentiate between the parts of the 2030 Agenda for which Member States are primarily responsible versus those for which an EU lead is necessary and for which the EU must be held to account. Accountability must also incorporate the concept of Policy Coherence for Sustainable Development.”

ENAR’s Draft EU Framework for national Strategies to Combat Afrophobia Highlights Afrophobia & discriminatory practices which violate international human rights norms, e.g. ICERD 1965 & DDPA. Asserts Article 14,ECHR 1950/53 & Article 21, EU Charter for Fundamental rights also prohibit racial discrimination. Advocates European Commission funding to prioritize reduction of race inequality which disempowers Afro Europeans, Target Advocates disaggregated data collection and analysis in line with SDGs 16 & 17 of the 2030 Agenda to enable policy development which addresses race inequality. E.g. inclusive access for Afro-Europeans to education initiatives and other headline targets for EU2020. Illustrates collaborations are vital to advocate principles of human dignity, race equality and social justice for PAD.

ECU Race Equality Charter Mark, UK advocates disaggregated data collection by ethnicity for staff and students in UK higher education institutions. Encourages inclusive, representative and participatory involvement of staff and students from underrepresented ethnic groups in the process, e.g. workshops & meetings. Encourages discourse on student satisfaction with the curricula, teaching standards and other areas of academia. Highlights gaps e.g. low attainment and progression levels for students of African descent; and recruitment and progression levels for academic staff. Advocates action planning to address issues highlighted

ACTION PLANNING Assert inclusive anti-racist norm implementation, e.g. recognition of IDPAD and its Plan of Action by the EU to fill existing gaps. Advocate disaggregated data collection to ensure elimination of race inequality for people of African descent in the EU. Recommendations for equality data collection practices, have been endorsed by most anti racism ngos in the network, as well as other stakeholders. Evaluate outcomes of advocacy actions which address Afro-phobia locally, nationally and regionally in the EU. E.g. dissemination of disaggregated data by public bodies; and positive outcomes through disaggregated data analysis by the various stakeholders. Critically analyse & evaluate adoption of inclusive, responsive and participatory policy development, Target 16.7 which ensures PAD become stakeholders, e.g. in Europe 2020.

BIBLIOGRAPHY Abdikeeva, A., (2014) Measure, Plan, Act: How data collection can support racial equality, ENAR Ed. Christie, I., (2014) ENAR’s 6 th European Annual Work Seminar Report: Equality data Collection in Employment & the Workplace, ENAR