 Mein Kampf  Adolf Hitler elected in Germany in 1933 (remember the Treaty of  Versailles)  Antisemitism, nationalism, militarism, and anti-communism

 1936 Re-militirized the Rhineland  1938 Took Austria

 Germany wanted to take the Sudentenland (near Czechoslovakia)  English and French leaders gave it to Hitler (after Munich conference), in exchange for a promise not to annex any other land

 Condemned Germany, but did nothing  Japan attacked China, US reaction is the same  Neutrality Acts of 1935 and 1937 Made no distinction between aggressor and victim (Italy and Ethiopia)

 Wanted to expel Europeans from Asia so they could call the shots  Invaded Manchuria in 1931  Attack mainland China in 1937 Rape of Nanking, 200,000 to 300, 000 civilians

 Night of Broken Glass 1938  Polish Jew assassinated a German diplomat in Paris.  Germans destroyed hundreds of synagogues  91 Jews killed, ~20,000 arrested

 Soviet Union and Germany (Aug. 1939)  To the chancellor of the German Reich, Herr A. Hitler. I thank you for your letter. I hope that the German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact will mark a decisive turn for the better in the political relations between our two countries..  J. Stalin *

 Invasion of Poland by Germans  Britain and France declare war on Germany  Blitzkrieg (Lightning War)

 By May 1940 Germany had taken France (it took 4 years in WWI)

 You are Winston Churchill (UK). You have broken some of the German code and Intelligence says an attack is coming, but the Germans seem confused about where your factories and air fields are. You can either build up defense around your bases or sit and wait.

 You are Adolf Hitler. You have little intelligence to tell you where the British airforce bases are. You can either attack where you think the bases are or destroy the city of London.

 The US began to prepare for war 19,000 warplanes, 150 ships First peacetime draft (16.5 million men)  Election 3 rd term??? No American will fight in a foreign war, but if attacked the war would not be “foreign” anymore

 Submarine warfare  Atlantic Charter (Aug ‘41) Germany is first priority, Japan second US and Britain will work together

 US creates a navy for both Atlantic and Pacific oceans  Japan builds navy, US cuts off steel export  Japan takes Vietnam, US puts up a blockade

 2,345 killed  “A Date which will Live in Infamy”

 Imagine that FDR had enough spy intelligence to know that Japan would attack Pearl Harbor. Do you:  Save the lives and stay out of the war?  Sacrifice the people in order to join the war?

 They can go all out for ~ 6 months  Germany may last longer

 They attack Russia in June 1941  This opens a Two-Front war

 Turning point of the European war  Germans move forward, but run out of supplies  Germans forced to give up  Almost 2 million causalities, lasted 199 days  **Soviets lost more people in this 1 battle than the US lost in the entire war

 Atlantic Ocean German U-boats destroy American and British ships (they worked in “wolfpacks”)  By 1943 Allies use planes and radar to shoot U-boats when they surface  Also, US mass produces ships (good for the economy!)