HPCAT EC Meeting March 21, 2016

CD-1 approved Feb 2016 – CD-2 in early 2017, CD-3 in early 2018 Flat budget ($20M) in the FY17 President’s budget – Possibly causing one year delay from 2021 to 2022 – Community support letters to DOE and Congress Overall APS-U budget: $750M – ~50% for storage ring; ~50% for experimental facilities 36 white papers received competing for 6 new beamlines or major beamline upgrade – Selections to be made in July 2016 Beamline enhancement proposals – Tier 1: essential, to remain operational after APS-U is complete – Tier 2: critical items that maximize performance with new APS-U – Scope defined by July 2016

HPCAT EC Meeting March 21, Phase 1 - Near Future Projects Phase 2 – Upgrade Projects Phase 3 Installation Commissioning APS-U

HPCAT EC Meeting March 21, 2016 Beamlines – High energy undulator beamline (reconfiguration just finished) – Advanced focusing optics – Increase flux by adjusting band width X-ray diffraction – Multigrain crystallography– e.g., structure refinement, electron density – Thermal EOS – at very high T with laser heating – Materials behavior under rapid (de)compression – a strain rate range rarely explored – Microstructure (Laue diffraction) – dislocations, grain boundaries, grain growth, … – HP liquids – e.g. liquid Na at Mbars X-ray spectroscopy – Mbar HP x-ray spectroscopy - electronic structure at Mbar pressures – Medium energy resolution IXS X-ray imaging – Position scanning imaging with 1-2  m resolution – structure mapping, element partitioning, … – Phase contrast imaging Advanced detectors and support equipment

HPCAT EC Meeting March 21, 2016 Energy range keV Quick E change High E sensitive detector (CdTe) 1x2  m 2 focus Newly installed, Jan 2016

HPCAT EC Meeting March 21, 2016 K-B Mirrors ( slope errors urad ) – IDD: 320x400 mm 2, 4x6  m 2 (newly installed) – IDB: 320x320 mm 2, 3x5  m 2 100x200 mm 2, 1x2  m 2 – BMD: 320x320 mm2, 5x5  m 2 – BMB: 200x200 mm 2, 5x8  m 2 100x200 mm 2, 1x2  m 2 (Sept 2016) JTEK Prefigured Mirrors (slope errors <0.1 urad) CRLs (Compound Refractive Lens) Polycapillary

HPCAT EC Meeting March 21, 2016 Current monochromators:  E/E ~10 -4 While resolution in d-spacing:  d/d ~3x10 -3 Adjusting  E – “pink” beam, undulator harmonics  E hundreds eV – monochromator crystals (Ge, Bending, etc)  E 4-10 eV – multilayer mirrors  E <100 eV

HPCAT EC Meeting March 21, 2016  -Ge at 12 GPa < 3% R-factor 100% Completeness! Complex HP crystal structures are being determined Single crystal XRD information from course powder patterns Feasibility tested, Ge, Ce, SiO 2, … Feasibility tested, Ge, Ce, SiO 2, …

HPCAT EC Meeting March 21, 2016 One isotherm in a few seconds a XRD X-ray hν Laser beams Sample Static pressure

HPCAT EC Meeting March 21, 2016 > 35 TPa/s (or 350 Mbar/s) Eiger 1M d-DAC Exp. Time: 10 μs Exp. Time: 1 μs Liquid Ga at 2 GPa using Pilatus (CdTe) at 30 keV x-rays Kinetics, metastability, rheology, transport properties Kinetics, metastability, rheology, transport properties

HPCAT EC Meeting March 21, 2016 Strain, mosaic, and orientation of Si at 12.8 GPa  -Laue at 16-BM-B -Reducing beam size to 1x2  m 2 for high spatial resolution -Software for microstructural information, dislocations, grain boundaries, growth  -Laue Setup PE Press Setup 16-BM-B Reconfiguration, Sept 2016 Complexities, heterogeneities Complexities, heterogeneities

HPCAT EC Meeting March 21, 2016 Comprehensive studies of HP liquids – Structure (XRD) – Density (absorption) – Viscosity (fast imaging) – Sound velocity (ultrasonic) – Miscibility (phase contrast imaging) Double stage to Mbars CaCO3 melt Albite melt Rarely explored, polyamorphism Rarely explored, polyamorphism

HPCAT EC Meeting March 21, eV – IXS – Chemical bonding – Electronic excitations (R)XES – Spin transition – Valence band electrons – Crystal field splitting Nuclear IXS (2meV) – Phonon DOS – Mössbauer Probing beamsize: 4x5  m 2 (Dec. 2015) Detecting efficiency multi-elements short distance polycapillary multilayer optics Background suppression sample configuration mechanical collimation x-ray optics as objective

HPCAT EC Meeting March 21, 2016 Plasmons and low-E excitations Medium E loss (0-30 eV) E resolution ( meV) Capable of low Q

HPCAT EC Meeting March 21, 2016 From point-measurement to whole sample mapping – Structure, phase – Element, valence, spin – Strain, dislocation, grain boundary 1-2  m spatial resolution Depth resolution

HPCAT EC Meeting March 21, 2016 High QE at high energies, e.g., CdTe High frame rate detectors (>100 kHz) High resolution energy dispersive detectors (2-5 eV) Ge strip detectors for EDXD Collimation optics, soler slits, x-ray objectives

HPCAT EC Meeting March 21, 2016 Beam position monitors EPICS based controls – Macro based setups – User friendly interfaces Network speed for high frame rate detectors Server capacity and data backup for fast growing data volume On-line data evaluation vs post-experiment data analysis Clear emergent recovery routes for both hardware and software

HPCAT EC Meeting March 21, BM-B16-BM-D 16-ID-B 16-ID-D

HPCAT EC Meeting March 21, 2016 “… an improvement in the aligning software which was really important in increasing the efficiency of data acquision”. –Shanti Deemyad, Univ of Utah “Technical support by the beam-line staff was excellent. We were able to achieve all our experimental objectives for this run”. – Yogesh Vohra, Univ of Alabama at Birmingham (IDB) “..as always beamline staff (including computer support Arun, and offline staff Kurtis and Eric) were exceptionally helpful - these guys are truly dedicated! …” – Nenad Velisavljevic, LANL (IDB) “I am really satified with this experiment. The beamline staff here are very professional, kind and patient. Hope to do more experiments here in the near future”. – Hongsheng Yuan, HPSTAR (BMB) “As always, the best support and help is provided from the beamline scientist and other staffs”. – Sulgiye Park, Stanford (BMD)

HPCAT EC Meeting March 21, 2016 By March