CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER Physical Science, CP Chapter 15 CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER Section 1: Composition of Matter Section 2: Properties of Matter

Bell Ringer #5 Turn to page 451 and read the National Geographic article about Visualizing Elements. Answer the following questions: Why is pure tungsten used for filaments in 
light bulbs? What element is used to drape the trunk of 
your body during X-rays and why is it used? What is the main element found in smoke 
detectors?

Section 1: Composition of Matter Standard 3: Demonstrate an understanding of 
various properties and classifications of matter. Indicators: 3.3, 3.4 Objectives: Define substances and mixtures. Identify elements and compounds. Compare and contrast solutions, colloids, and 
suspensions.

01 Classification of Matter.asx

Substance - a type of matter with a fixed 
composition. Also called pure substances. Substances can either be elements or 
compounds. Element – made up of atoms with the same 
identity Elements are found on the periodic table. About 90 elements are found on Earth.

A compound is a substance with two or more 
elements combined in a fixed proportion. A chemical compound has 
different characteristics than 
its original components. chlorine gas sodium metal sodium chloride (table salt) Compounds can be broken down into their 
elements through chemical reactions only, and not by physical means.

Mixtures can either be heterogeneous or homogeneous. Two or more substances that can be easily 
separated by physical means form a mixture. Mixtures can occur between and among all 
phases of matter (solid, liquid, and gas). Mixtures can either be heterogeneous or 
homogeneous.

Heterogeneous mixture - mixture of different 
and easily distinguishable materials

Examples: apple juice, vinegar, sealed soft drinks, etc. Homogeneous mixture - contains two or more 
gaseous, liquid, or solid substances blended 
evenly; also called a solution Examples: apple juice, 
vinegar, sealed soft 
drinks, etc.

Colloid - heterogeneous mixture with larger 
particles that never settle

Colloids scatter light in the Tyndall effect

A heterogeneous mixture containing a liquid in 
which visible particles settle is called a suspension.

02 Mixtures.asx

Review Questions 1. A _______ is a type of matter with a fixed 
composition.    A. colloid  B. mixture  C. substance  D. solution C. substance

Review Questions 2. How many elements are found on Earth? 90

Review Questions 3. How are compounds different from mixtures? The atoms in compounds are combined in 
fixed proportions and cannot be separated by 
physical means. A mixture is made of two or more substances 
that can be easily separated by physical 
means.

Review Questions False 4. (T/F) A homogeneous mixture contains 
substances that are not evenly distributed. False

Review Questions 5. What is another name for a homogeneous mixture?   Solution

Read P. 448-456 Do 1-5 P. 456

Section 2: Properties of Matter Standard 3: Demonstrate an understanding of 
various properties and classifications of matter. Standard 4: Demonstrate an understanding of 
chemical reactions and the classifications, 
structures, and properties of chemical compounds. Indicators: 3.1, 3.4, 4.6, 4.8 Objectives: Identify substances using physical properties. Compare and contrast physical and chemical 
changes. Identify chemical changes. Determine how the law of conservation of mass 
applies to chemical changes.

03 Characteristics of Matter.asx Physical property - characteristics of a material 
which can be observed without changing the 
identity of the substances in the material 03 Characteristics of Matter.asx

Appearance - physical description of a substance Behavior - how a substance acts; for example, 
magnetism, viscosity, ductility Examples of physical properties: color, shape, 
viscosity, electrical conductivity, size, solubility, 
density, melting point (temp.), freezing point 
(temp.), boiling point (temp.), and magnetic 
attraction

Physical properties such as size and magnetism 
can be used to separate mixtures. Filtration is a process for separating a mixture by passing small 
particles through a filter and retaining large particles.

Heating iron is a physical change…why? Physical change - change in a substance’s size, 
shape, or state of matter (liquid, solid, gas) in 
which the identity remains the same. Heating iron is a physical change…why?

Distillation is a process for separating a mixture 
by evaporating a liquid and condensing its vapor.

01 Introduction to Chemical Reactions.asx Chemical property - characteristics of a 
substance indicating that it can change chemically; 
for example, flammability or light sensitivity of a 
substance 01 Introduction to Chemical Reactions.asx Electronegativity Ionization potential pH balance Reactivity against other 
chemical substances Heat of combustion Enthalpy of formation Toxicity Chemical stability Flammability Preferred oxidation state(s) Preferred types of bonds to form 
e.g., metallic, ionic, covalent

When one substance changes to another 
substance, a chemical change has occurred. Indicators (not proof) of 
chemical changes: gas formed, 
heat, cooling, odor given off, 
possible color change, or the 
formation of bubbles or solids 
form in a liquid (precipitate). Precipitate of cadmium 
sulfide forms from 
clear solutions of 
sodium sulfide and 
cadmium nitrate. Some chemical 
changes occur very 
slowly such as the 
formation of rust.

Pinnacles, formed from a combination of limestone and acid rain Weathering involves both physical and chemical changes. Big rocks split into smaller 
ones; streams carry rock 
particles from one location to 
another Chemical changes can occur 
in rocks when calcium 
carbonate in limestone 
changes to calcium hydrogen 
carbonate due to acid rain. Pinnacles, formed from a combination 
of limestone and acid rain

Law of Conservation of Mass - Mass of all 
substances present before a chemical change 
equals the mass of all substances after the 
change. RJ Design TM

Law of Conservation of Mass - Mass of all 
substances present before a chemical change 
equals the mass of all substances after the 
change. RJ Design TM

Review Questions 1. Which of the following is a chemical property?  A. boiling point  B. density  C. flammability  D. melting point C. flammability

Review Questions 2. A characteristic of a material that can be 
observed without changing the identity of the 
substances that make up the material is a 
______________. physical property

Review Questions 3. What does the law of conservation of mass state? The mass of all substances that are present 
before a chemical change equals the mass of all 
substances that remain after the change.

Review Questions 4. (T/F) When a substance undergoes a physical 
change, its identity changes. False

Review Questions 5. (T/F) A phase change is an example of a 
chemical change. False, all phase changes are physical changes

15.2 P. 465 1-6

Ch. 15 Notetaking Worksheet or Science Notebook Homework: Define Vocabulary Ch. 15 and Complete Ch. 15 Notetaking 
Worksheet Science Notebook SE Ch. 15.pdf Ch 15 note taking worksheet.doc Science Notebook TE Ch. 15.pdf Bell Ringer 5 Notes Ch. 15.1 Check Ch. 15 Vocabulary Worksheets: Composition of Matter Homework: 15.1 Section Review & Notetaking Worksheet Directed Reading - Composition of Matter and Properties of Matter.pdf Elements, Compounds and Mixtures IF8765.pdf Notebook Quiz 2 Notes Ch. 15.2 Worksheets: Properties of Matter/Chemical & Physical Change Homework: 15.2 Section Review and Study for Vocabulary Quiz Ch. 15 Chemical vs Physical Change IF8765.pdf The Recycling Factory.pdf Tips for Writing a Letter.pdf Vocabulary Quiz Ch. 15 Chromatography Lab Worksheets: Classification of Matter Homework: Book Review P. 470 (1-17) 18, P. 472 (1-7) Chapter Test Review - Classification of Matter.pdf Vocabulary Quiz Chapter 15.doc Bell Ringer 6 Grade and Go Over Ch. 15 Book Review Highlight Notes Worksheets: Study Guide Ch. 15 Homework: Study for Ch. 15 Test Study Guide Ch 15.doc Ch. 15 Test Worksheets: Ch. 16 Notetaking Worksheet Homework: Ch. 16 Notetaking Worksheet, Define Vocabulary Ch. 16 Test (A and B).tst

Attachments 01 Classification of Matter.asx 02 Mixtures.asx 02 Panning_for_Gold.asx 03 Characteristics of Matter.asx 01 Introduction to Chemical Reactions.asx Ch 15 note taking worksheet.doc Study Guide Ch 15.doc Test (A and B).tst Vocabulary Quiz Chapter 15.doc Chapter Test Review - Classification of Matter.pdf Directed Reading - Composition of Matter and Properties of Matter.pdf Tips for Writing a Letter.pdf The Recycling Factory.pdf Science Notebook TE Ch. 15.pdf Science Notebook SE Ch. 15.pdf Elements, Compounds and Mixtures IF8765.pdf Chemical vs Physical Change IF8765.pdf