Harvard Referencing(2006)  paraphrase  citing  Long and short quotes  Books, journals, websites  In alphabetical order in reference list  Referencing Referencing

Paraphrasing When referring to (or summarising) an authors viewpoint in your text if authors surname occurs naturally the year follows in round brackets If not insert name and date in brackets at the end Eg Curtis (2004) notes that there are very few nurseries which offer a specific curriculum approach. or There are very few nurseries which offer a specific curriculum approach. (Curtis, 2004)

Direct quotes – must give name of author, year of publication and page number/s on which quote appears Short quotations (up to 4 lines) should be placed in double quotation marks within your text. You can place name, date and page numbers before or after quote. Eg Bee and Boyd, (2004, p.71) state that “One important part of the infants repertoire of behaviours is a large collection of reflexes.” Or “One important part of the infants repertoire of behaviours is a large collection of reflexes.” (Bee and Boyd, 2004, p.71) Quotations

Longer quotations introduced by a colon, two empty lines, indented five spaces from left margin, single spacing without quotation marks. Author’s surname, date, page numbers at end. Eg; Bee and Boyd emphasis that newborns come into the world with an array of motor skills: the infants motor skills emerge only gradually in the early weeks. By one month, a baby can hold her chin up off the floor or mattress. By 2 months she can hold her head steady while she’s being held and is beginning to reach for objects near her. (Bee and Boyd, 2004, p.76)

Secondary referencing Eg According to Piaget, 1951 (in Schaffer, 2002, p.218) “the thinking of children aged seven and older is characterised by operational schemas.” Or “the thinking of children aged seven and older is characterised by operational schemas.” ( Piaget, 1951 in Schaffer, 2002, p.218)

Journal articles; Authors surname, Date Title of article Title of journal Volume Issue Page Eg; Oulton, T. (2004) Using libraries. Management Decision, 33(51), pp51-62

Websites Authors name Year or no date Title [online] Place of publication (if given) publisher Date accessed (by you) web address in angle brackets Mobbs, R. (2010) E-tutor: Advantages of eLearning [Online] Leicester UK:University of Leicester, December, 2007 [Accessed March 2010]..

Chapters in edited books Chapter-author’s surname, comma, then initials, with a full stop after each initial. Date (in round brackets). Title of chapter, full stop, followed by in (using italics). Editor(s) of book, surname, then initials, followed by (ed.) for one editor or (eds.) for more than one. Title of book in italics full stop. Edition (if applicable), comma. Place of publication colon: (Include country or state if location of place is unclear.) Publisher comma. Page numbers in the form of p. for one page or pp. for more than one, followed by the numbers, full stop. Nesbit, P. (2004) The motivational journey. In Burton, S. and Steane, P. (eds.) Surviving your thesis. 5th ed., London: Routledge, pp