ETP 1138C Week #2 Advanced print reading basics (Types of Engineering documentation) This week we will cover the following topics in class: We will introduce new terms regarding electric utility documentation such as the following: 1. Project scope and justification. 2. Time line for project 3. Types of drawings in the plan set “Inclusively” speaking. 4. Material orders 5. Standards practices 6. Print package

ETP 1138C Week #2 Advanced print reading basics Begin with Safety PJB.

ETP 1138C Week #2 Advanced print reading basics (Road map analogy) Florida State Road Map.Electrical single line of substation.

ETP 1138C Week #2 Advanced print reading basics (Types of Engineering documentation) Why do we need a project scope and justification for a large scale construction project? Questions such as the following scenarios dictate the need for a project scope: Is the project need driven by General system improvement, emergent need, emergency need, or future planning purposes such as growth and demand. Project scope assists with justification and engineering details. Sometimes Governmental compliance enters into the picture as well, possibly due to FERC, NERC, and / or the EPA or Environmental Protection Agency. Project scope with time line and justification are issued at the start.

ETP 1138C Week #2 Advanced print reading basics (Types of Engineering documentation) Why do we need a definite timeline for a construction project? Time line for project duration and completion are driven by different needs such as the following: Financial needs, governmental compliance needs, and system needs driven by internal and external customers needs and dates. Most large electric utilities borrow “X” number of $$ dollars, and interest rates on a $50-$500 million dollar project add up quickly, and most large high dollar projects are driven by financial goals, thus driving the duration and completion times.

ETP 1138C Week #2 Advanced print reading (types of drawings) In week #1, we introduced these 5 different construction sections. We will continue our discussion in week #2 again. The next few slides will cover several construction sections that include the following areas: 1. Architectural / Civil drawings 2. Structural drawings 3. Mechanical drawings 4. Plumbing drawings 5. Electrical drawings

ETP 1138C Week #2 Advanced print reading (Architectural / Civil drawings) Architectural / Civil drawings in general include the following. Site plan and / or other locations Floor plans Wall sections Door and window details and schedules Elevations Special application details, including finishing details and schedules. Topographic features Project foot print and dimensions

ETP 1138C Week #2 Advanced print reading (Architectural / Civil drawings) Architectural / Civil drawings can also include the following: 1. Civil drawings are used to represent construction on the earth or ground areas. 2. Civil drawings are sometimes called the following…site plans, plot plans, and survey plans. 3. Civil drawings will show contours of the earth, building, locations, construction features, utilities, and much more.

ETP 1138C Week #2 Advanced print reading basics (Structural Design drawings) A structural engineer (Typically mechanical engineer by training) prepares the structural drawings. The engineer must calculate the forces that each major structural member must support and withstand. The structural support information (S.D. drawings) includes the material, size, and reinforcing requirements; the structural frame type and size of each member; and details on all connections required. When building substations, power plants, and transmission line structures, the engineer must take into account the wind loading, tension, expansion and contraction, and related items such as conductor size, weight, and distance between structures. (Structural Design Drawings) The preceding specifications and ratings are typically reflected on the S.D. drawings.

ETP 1138C Week #2 Advanced print reading basics (S.D. drawings) Structural drawings in general include the following. They convey information (Physical details) regarding the following areas: 1. Foundation plans 2. Structural framing plans for control houses and component support structures. 3. Bus support structure details. (Including electrical clearances) 4. HV “dead end” towers and structures. 5. Notes to describe construction and code requirements. 6. The preceding specifications and ratings are typically reflected on the S.D. drawings.

ETP 1138C Week #2 Advanced print reading basics (S.D. drawings) Structural drawings can also include the following: 1. Main building members and how they relate to interior and exterior details. 2. Control house drawings, specifications, and framing plans, and component support structures. 3. Foundation plans. 4. Foundation materials and design specifications. (Cement PSI, Re- bar size, foundation J-bolts, cement block, and physical specifications.

ETP 1138C Week #2 Advanced print reading basics (Mechanical drawings). Mechanical drawings in general include the following. Mechanical systems include items such as HVAC, piping, plumbing and fire protection system details. (See Mechanical Drawings) Detail drawings are often used on mechanical drawings. Most times these drawings are not drawn to “scale”. Some times mechanical drawings show elevation or perspective views, and show details about equipment configuration.

ETP 1138C Week #2 Advanced print reading basics (Plumbing drawings) Plumbing drawings and prints sometimes are shown with the mechanical drawings, however plumbing drawings are sometimes issued as their own specific set or separate from the mechanical drawing set. Plumbing drawings often include the following: Water and sewage systems, fire suppression systems, water supply fixture locations, and “riser” diagrams to describe the vertical piping features.

ETP 1138C Week #2 Advanced print reading (Electrical / Relay package development basics) Electrical Design drawings discussion… 1. The last part of the construction plan set usually contains the electrical drawings. 2. The electrical drawings show the various electrical protection, power, and control systems of the substations and power plants. 3. This series of drawings is likely to be used by electricians and relay technicians most often, both during and after construction. 4. The electrical drawings will contain what we will now call the “Relay / Substation Technician” copy of prints. (Indoor and outdoor).

ETP 1138C Week #2 Advanced print reading (Electrical / Relay package development basics) After the “Station” one line is developed (First drawing produced) by the Relay Design Department, the following drawings are created in this sequential order: Station one line diagram – based on your checked, approved, and signed off project scope group. (Provides high level view of entire substation / pwr. plant). Protection Zone Diagram – based on your checked, approved, and signed off on single line. (Provides view of over-lapping relay protection schemes). AC elementaries – based on you’re checked, approved, and signed off on single line. Breaker connection diagrams- based on you’re checked, approved, and signed off on single line. Transformer connection diagrams- based on your checked, approved, and signed off on single line. Continued next page

ETP 1138C Week #2 Advanced print reading (Electrical / Relay package development basics) Continued from previous page DC elementaries- start with high-side and work down to the low-side voltage apparatus or equipment. Relay Design and Substation Design Spec-out and order all material / apparatus from suppliers. Control house drawings that include the following: Control house panel layout, Bill of material, panel wiring prints, DC battery system, AC Station Service, and Substation Operating Instructions. Substation Design Equipment and miscellaneous drawings- starting with high-side voltage apparatus and working down to the low-side voltage apparatus or equipment. Relay Design then creates the “Relay Logic, and Relay Settings”- starting with high-side voltage apparatus and working down to the low-side voltage apparatus or equipment.

ETP 1138C Week #2 Advanced print reading basics (Electrical drawings) The electrical set of prints and drawings are often shown last in a print package. The electrical prints will often show the following areas of interest: 1. Index 2. Functional one line or “Single Line” drawing 3. Bill of Material 4. Panel layout 5. Panel wiring prints. (Wiring diagrams) Continued next slide

ETP 1138C Week #2 Advanced print reading basics (Electrical drawings) 6. AC Three line drawing 7. DC Elementary drawing 8. Miscellaneous schemes 9. HV breaker connection diagrams 10. HV breaker DC elementaries 11. HV transformer connection diagrams 12. HV transformer DC control and alarm elementaries Continued next slide

ETP 1138C Week #2 Advanced print reading basics (Electrical drawings) 13. Scada drawings and block diagrams 14. Communications drawings 15. Block diagrams 16. Ladder diagrams 17. Sequence charts 18. Specialty “electronics” elementary.

ETP 1138C Week #2 Advanced print reading basics (Electrical drawings) 7 Most common drawings in a “Relay” print package. 1. Index 2. Bill of Material 3. Single Line Diagram 4. Elementary or Schematic Drawing 5. Wiring / Connection Diagram 6. Control Diagram 7. Protection Zone Diagram

ETP 1138C Week #2 Advanced print reading basics (Electrical diagrams) 1. Electrical diagrams are commonly multi-sheet drawings of the wiring associated with the electrical devices associated with a main control panel, it’s field device, and sub assemblies. 2. Some electrical schematics are drawn as a “Ladder” style diagram. 3. The ladder diagram is drawn between the vertical lines, and maybe referenced as “Single line” diagrams. 4. Controlled devices such as relays and contactor coils and other controlled elements or devices are drawn on the right side of the ladder drawing. Continued next page

ETP 1138C Week #2 Advanced print reading basics (Electrical diagrams) 5. Contacts, switches, and other controlling devices are shown between the controlled devices and the left vertical line. 6. Fuses, circuit breakers, and over-loads and other circuit breaking or current limiting devices maybe connected to the right of the controlled devices within the ladder diagram.

ETP 1138C Week #2 Advanced print reading basics (Manufactures drawings, equipment drawings) Manufactures drawings can, and often do include the following: 1. AC elementaries 2. DC elementaries 3. Equipment wiring diagrams (Point to point) drawings 4. Bill of material 5. Equipment specifications such as breaker and BCT test data. 6. Equipment “nameplate” 7. Typically, the manufactures drawings are not included in the relay print package, but are contained in the manufactures “Equipment” instruction manuals.

ETP 1138C Week #2 Advanced print reading basics (Hands on Exercise)

ETP 1138C Week #2 Advanced print reading basics Let’s close the lesson with safety.