Unit 1 – Political and Intellectual Transformation F1 MYP Title: The Road from King to Republic Unit Question: How Far can an Idea Travel? Significant Concepts: Ideas can change over time Section 2: The Colonies’ ideas about Government Major Historical Figures – Sec 2 John Locke – Enlightenment thinker who said all people had Individual Rights Charles de Montesquieu – Enlightenment thinker who defined Separation of Powers Jean Rousseau Enlightenment thinker who defined Common Good

Unit 1 – Political and Intellectual Transformation F1 Section 2: The Colonies’ ideas about Government Section Question: If you were a colonist would you have liked the English government, why, what types of government were you trying in the Colonies that were better than a King (Monarchy)? (F1.1 – F1.2)

Unit 1 – Political and Intellectual Transformation F1 Section 2: The Colonies’ ideas about Government How was England’s Government set up? (F1.1 - F1.2 - U3.3.7) England’s government is a Constitutional – Parliamentary – Monarchy Constitutional means that there are written rules the government must follow that Limit their power – Ex. Magna Carta (1215) and English Bill of Rights (1689) Parliamentary means England has Legislative Branch that creates all the new laws Monarchy means that England has a King, who is the Executive Branch and enforces the laws England also has a Judicial Branch that interprets laws and decides court cases called the Crown Courts

Unit 1 – Political and Intellectual Transformation F1 Section 2: The Colonies’ ideas about Government What ideas did the Colonist take from England? (F1.1 – F1.2 – U3.3.7) How did Colonist feel about England’s government? (F1.2) Limited Government – Governments should have written rules that control their power Representative Government – The citizens should get be in and elect at least part of the government (In England this was Parliament) Separation of Power – The government should be broken into three branches 1. Executive Branch 2. Legislative Branch 3. Judiciary Branch The South was the most loyal to England, colonist had come America to make money and they needed England to sell their cash- crops

Unit 1 – Political and Intellectual Transformation F1 Section 2: The Colonies’ ideas about Government New England was the least loyal to England, most of the colonist were Separatist (Religious/Political dissenters) and didn’t like England’s religion or government The Middle Colonies had the largest amounts of non- English Colonist so while they were loyal, they felt no love for England The Backcountry was filled with Political Dissenters and freed Indentured Servants who had very little loyalty to England Enlightenment thinkers in the 1700 wrote books explaining how governments could be better John Locke explained 1. All people had Individual Rights: Life, Liberty, and a Right to own Property Where else did colonist get ideas about Government from? (F1.1 – U3.3.7)

Unit 1 – Political and Intellectual Transformation F1 Section 2: The Colonies’ ideas about Government 2. It was the government’s job to protect Individual Rights 3. If the government violated a citizen’s Individual Right, the citizen’s had the “Right of Revolution” Charles de Montesquieu explained the importance of Separation of Powers like England had Jean Rousseau explained the Common Good, the idea that the government must promote what is best for the majority, even if it cost some citizen’s their individual rights Iroquois Confederacy (Five united tribes of Natives in New York area) gave the Colonist a working example of self- government, unified tribes,

Unit 1 – Political and Intellectual Transformation F1 Section 2: The Colonies’ ideas about Government What experiences with self-government had the colonist had? (F1.1 – U3.3.7) women being part of the government and all adults being voting citizens in the society Southern Colonies had self-government in the form of elected legislative bodies starting with the House of Burgesses in Jamestown

Unit 1 – Political and Intellectual Transformation F1 Section 2: The Colonies’ ideas about Government The House of Burgesses were elected by the citizens of Jamestown, then ruled until the next election – This shows that the colonist believed in the political idea of Republic This idea of an elected legislative body had spread to all 13 colonies by the American Revolution New England’s self-government began when the male pilgrims aboard the Mayflower (their ship) signed the “Mayflower Compact” America’s first (Social Compact) This document (Limited Government) created a elected government to rule the pilgrims (Republic) All men agreed to live by the laws of the Compact because they were what was best for the Massachusetts Colony (Common Good)

Unit 1 – Political and Intellectual Transformation F1 Section 2: The Colonies’ ideas about Government As the New England Colonies grew many developed Town Hall Meetings as their form of government Town Hall Meetings allowed all the grown men in the community to meet in a building and vote on what the community should do (Democracy) Old South Meeting Hall-Boston