E O Jones ©2011. Nodau Edrychwch ar y canlyniadau dysgu. Cyflwyno Fectorau. Sut i dynnu diagram fector. Amcan Nodi gofynion yr uned. Cael rhai cysyniadau.

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E O Jones ©2011

Nodau Edrychwch ar y canlyniadau dysgu. Cyflwyno Fectorau. Sut i dynnu diagram fector. Amcan Nodi gofynion yr uned. Cael rhai cysyniadau sylfaenol o Fectorau a chyfarwyddiadau. Lluniwch diagramau fector. Objectives Acquire some basic concepts of Vectors and directions. Draw vector diagrams. Aims Aims Introduce Vectors. How to draw vector diagram. E O Jones ©2011

Unit 5 Learning outcomes On completion of this topic a learner should: 1 Be able to determine the effects of loading in static engineering systems E O Jones ©2011

Y wyddor Groeg E O Jones ©2011

Gwrthrych yn parhau mewn cyflwr o orffwys neu mewn cyflwr o gynnig ar cyson Cyflymder oni bai fod newid gan rym net. An object continues in a state of rest or in a state of motion at a constant speed unless changed by a net force Cyfraith Cyntaf Newton (Cyfraith o syrthni) Newton’s First Law (Law of Inertia) E O Jones ©2011

Mae'r grymoedd net ar gwrthrych yw swm yr holl grymoedd sy'n gweithredu ar y gwrthrych. The net force on an object is the sum of all forces acting on that object. Grymoedd Unigol Individual Forces Grymoedd Net Net Force 10 N4 N 6 N E O Jones ©2011

3 N 4 N 5 N Grymoedd Unigol Individual Forces Grymoedd Net Net Force E O Jones ©2011

Maint Cyfeiriad Pwynt o gais It can be seen that a force has size (magnitude), direction and a point of application. A force is thus a vector quantity, that is, it has magnitude and direction. Ggallwn weld fod rym gan maint, cyfeiriad a pwynt o gais. Mae rym felly yn swm fector, am fod gan maint a chyfeiriad. E O Jones ©2011

Fectorau yn meintiau sydd â maint a chyfeiriad Vectors are quantities that have a size and a direction. Cyfeirnod echelinau Reference axes Hyd y saeth luniadu wrth raddfa yn dangos faint Length of arrow drawn to scale indicates magnitude cyfarwyddyd a roddwyd mewn perthynas â echelinau cyfeirio Direction given with respect to reference axes efallai y bydd grym gael eu cynrychioli ar bapur fel swm fector a force may be represented on paper as a vector quantity E O Jones ©2011

Fectorau a Chyfeiriad Vectors and Direction Sut rydym yn mesur yn gywir cyfathrebu hyd a phellter? How do we accurately communicate length and distance? E O Jones ©2011

Fectorau a Chyfeiriad Vectors and Direction ► Wrth dynnu fector rhaid i chi ddewis raddfa ► Os ydych yn cerdded phum metr i'r dwyrain, gall eich dadleoliad gael ei gynrychioli gan saeth 5 cm yn pwyntio i'r dwyrain ► In drawing a vector you must choose a scale. ► If you walk five meters east, your displacement can be represented by a 5 cm arrow pointing to the east. E O Jones ©2011

► Tybiwch i chi gerdded 5 metr i'r dwyrain, trowch, ewch 8 metr i'r gogledd, yna trowch a mynd 3 metr i'r gorllewin. ► Mae eich swydd yn awr 8 metr i'r gogledd a 2 metr i'r dwyrain o'r man cychwyn. ► Mae'r fector lletraws sy'n cysylltu y sefyllfa gan ddechrau gyda'r sefyllfa derfynol yw'r enw yn sgil hynny. ► Suppose you walk 5 meters east, turn, go 8 meters north, then turn and go 3 meters west. ► Your position is now 8 meters north and 2 meters east of where you started. ► The diagonal vector that connects the starting position with the final position is called the resultant. E O Jones ©2011

Fectorau a Chyfeiriad Vectors and Direction ► Mae'r ganlyniad yw swm o ddau neu fwy o fector hychwanegu at ei gilydd. Fe allech chi wedi cerdded pellter byrrach drwy fynd 2 mo dwyrain a'r gogledd 8 m, ac yn dal i ddod i ben i fyny yn yr un lle. ► The resultant is the sum of two or more vectors added together. ► You could have walked a shorter distance by going 2 m east and 8 m north, and still ended up in the same place. E O Jones ©2011

Ychwanegu Fectorau Dadleoli E O Jones ©2011

Yn cynrychioli Fectorau gyda Cydrannau E O Jones ©2011

Cyfrifwch fector canlyniadol Calculate a resultant vector ► An ant walks 2 meters West, 3 meters North, and 6 meters East. ► What is the displacement of the ant? Mae morgrugyn yn cerdded 2 fetr ir Gorllewin, 3 metr ir Gogledd, a 6 metr ir Dwyrain. Beth yw dadleoliad y morgrugyn? E O Jones ©2011

Dod o hyd i'r elfennau fector E O Jones ©2011

Ton Sin Sine Wave E O Jones ©2011

Ton Cosin Cosine Wave E O Jones ©2011

Animeiddiad o adio fector pen-i-gynffon – tair gwaith Animation of head-to-tail vector addition – three times E O Jones ©2011

A B C D A B C D R A = BCDR E O Jones ©2011