P REVENTING O IL S PILLS O UR GOAL IS TO NEVER HAVE AN OIL SPILL, AND INDUSTRY TAKES EXTENSIVE PRECAUTIONS TO PREVENT SPILLS FROM OCCURRING.

W HAT IS T IERED P REPAREDNESS AND R ESPONSE ? W HY IS T IERED P REPAREDNESS AND R ESPONSE USED ? H OW HAS T IERED P REPAREDNESS AND R ESPONSE EVOLVED ? W HAT ARE THE COMPONENTS OF T IERED P REPAREDNESS AND R ESPONSE ? T OPICS FOR D ISCUSSION

R ESPONDERS E QUIPMENT A DDITIONAL S UPPORT T IERED P REPAREDNESS AND R ESPONSE IS AN INTERNATIONALLY RECOGNIZED PLANNING APPROACH USED TO : W HAT IS T IERED P REPAREDNESS AND R ESPONSE ? D EFINE AND STRUCTURE LEVELS OF OIL SPILL RESPONSE CAPABILITIES ; THIS APPROACH IS NOT USED TO CATEGORIZE THE SIZE OR SCOPE OF A SPILL P LAN FOR APPROPRIATE RESOURCES TO BE RAPIDLY MOBILIZED AND CASCADED TO AN INCIDENT LOCATION E NABLE RESPONSE ESCALATION FOR AN OIL SPILL OF ANY MAGNITUDE T HE FOLLOWING RESOURCES ARE CONSIDERED WHEN USING T IERED P REPAREDNESS AND R ESPONSE :

T IER 1: R ESOURCES NECESSARY TO HANDLE A LOCAL SPILL AND / OR PROVIDE AN INITIAL RESPONSE T IER 2: N ATIONAL OR REGIONAL RESOURCES NECESSARY TO SUPPLEMENT A T IER 1 RESPONSE T IER 3: G LOBAL RESOURCES NECESSARY FOR SPILLS THAT REQUIRE A SUBSTANTIAL ADDITIONAL RESPONSE DUE TO INCIDENT SCALE, COMPLEXITY, AND / OR IMPACT POTENTIAL T IER 1 T IER 2 T IER 3 D EFINING THE T IERS E ACH WEDGE REPRESENTS A DIFFERENT RESPONSE CAPABILITY AND IS SUBDIVIDED TO ILLUSTRATE THAT THE AVAILABLE / REQUIRED RESOURCES FOR EACH TIER WILL GENERALLY DIFFER BETWEEN CAPABILITIES BUT CAN BE COMBINED TO PROVIDE THE NEEDED CAPACITY FOR EACH RESPONSE CAPABILITY. T HE TIERS REPRESENT THE VARIOUS LEVELS OF RESOURCE CAPACITY REQUIRED TO RESPOND TO A SPECIFIC FACILITY OR REGION, AND DO NOT REPRESENT QUANTITATIVE MEASUREMENTS OF CAPACITY

T IERED P REPAREDNESS AND R ESPONSE M ODEL E ACH WEDGE REPRESENTS A SPECIFIC TYPE OF RESPONSE CAPABILITY, E. G. SURFACE USE OF DISPERSANTS. N OTE : T HE MODEL SHOWS EXAMPLE LEVELS OF TIERED CAPACITY FOR EACH RESPONSE CAPABILITY – ACTUAL LEVELS ARE DETERMINED ON A CASE - BY - CASE BASIS FOR EACH FACILITY OR REGION. T HE INCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ( IMS ) SYMBOL IS AT THE CENTER OF THE MODEL TO INDICATE THAT INCIDENT MANAGEMENT IS A CENTRAL CONSIDERATION WHEN PLANNING FOR POTENTIAL INCIDENTS USING THE T IERED P REPAREDNESS AND R ESPONSE APPROACH. I NCIDENT M ANAGEMENT S YSTEM PLANNING SECTION LOGISTICS SECTION FINANCE / ADMIN SECTION OPERATIONS SECTION

C APABILITIES OF T IERED P REPAREDNESS AND R ESPONSE T HE FOLLOWING 15 CAPABILITIES ESSENTIALLY REPRESENT THE SCOPE OF T IERED P REPAREDNESS AND R ESPONSE : *T HESE CAPABILITIES MAY NOT BE PROVIDED BY OIL SPILL RESPONSE ORGANIZATIONS OR MUTUAL AID, BUT MUST BE CONSIDERED BY OPERATORS IN PLANNING. O PERATORS MUST COMBINE INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL RESOURCES TO MEET THE CAPABILITY REQUIRED TO RESPOND TO POTENTIAL INCIDENTS. *E CONOMIC A SSESSMENT AND C OMPENSATION *E NVIRONMENTAL I MPACT A SSESSMENT ( INCL. S AMPLING ) S URVEILLANCE, M ODELING, AND V ISUALIZATION O FFSHORE S URFACE D ISPERSANTS O FFSHORE S UBSEA D ISPERSANTS I N - SITU C ONTROLLED B URNING A T - SEA C ONTAINMENT AND R ECOVERY P ROTECTION OF S ENSITIVE R ESOURCES S HORELINE AND I NLAND A SSESSMENT (SCAT) S HORELINE C LEANUP I NLAND R ESPONSE O ILED W ILDLIFE R ESPONSE *W ASTE M ANAGEMENT *S TAKEHOLDER E NGAGEMENT AND C OMMUNICATION *S OURCE C ONTROL

T IERED P REPAREDNESS AND R ESPONSE ENABLES : W HY IS T IERED P REPAREDNESS AND R ESPONSE U SED ? I NTEGRATION OF LOCAL, REGIONAL, AND GLOBAL INDUSTRY CAPABILITIES INTO OIL SPILL RESPONSE PLANNING I NDUSTRY ’ S ABILITY TO EFFICIENTLY RESPOND TO AN OIL SPILL OF ANY MAGNITUDE WITHOUT MAINTAINING THE ENTIRE RANGE OF RESPONSE RESOURCES AT EACH OPERATING FACILITY OR WITHIN EACH COUNTRY

H OW HAS T IERED P REPAREDNESS AND R ESPONSE E VOLVED ? A S RESPONSE EQUIPMENT AND SERVICES HAVE EVOLVED TO BECOME MORE SPECIALIZED, SO TOO MUST THE T IERED P REPAREDNESS AND R ESPONSE MODEL M ODERN TECHNOLOGY, ADVANCED LOGISTICS CAPABILITIES, AND NEW COMMUNICATION TOOLS HAVE IMPROVED INDUSTRY ’ S ABILITY TO CASCADE RESOURCES TO AN INCIDENT LOCATION. T HE BENEFITS OF TODAY ’ S SPECIALIZATION AND EXPERTISE ARE DIMINISHED IF THEY MUST BE REPLICATED AT EACH OPERATING SITE OR WITHIN EACH COUNTRY. T HE MODEL FACILITATES A TIERED RESPONSE BY DEPICTING WHICH RESPONSE CAPABILITIES ARE NEEDED AND IN WHAT TIMEFRAME. E VOLVING M ODEL

R ESOURCES NECESSARY TO HANDLE A LOCAL SPILL AND / OR PROVIDE AN INITIAL RESPONSE T IER 1: E XAMPLES OF C ASCADING R ESOURCES N ATIONAL OR REGIONAL RESOURCES NECESSARY TO SUPPLEMENT A T IER 1 RESPONSE T IER 2: G LOBAL RESOURCES NECESSARY FOR SPILLS THAT REQUIRE A SUBSTANTIAL ADDITIONAL RESPONSE DUE TO INCIDENT SCALE, COMPLEXITY, AND / OR IMPACT POTENTIAL T IER 3:

E XAMPLES OF A PPROPRIATE R ESOURCE C APACITY A T EACH LOCATION, FACTORS MAY EXIST WHICH INFLUENCE THE ABILITY TO CASCADE RESOURCES AND, THEREFORE, REQUIRE TAILORED CAPACITIES FOR EACH RESPONSE CAPABILITY. EXAMPLE : OFFSHORE SURFACE DISPERSANT CAPABILITY LOCATION DISPERSANT RESPONSE G REATER LOCAL CAPACITY DUE TO LIMITATIONS OF EXTERNAL RESOURCES ENTERING THE COUNTRY G REATER EXTERNAL SUPPORT DUE TO EASE OF ACCESS AND PROXIMITY TO T IER 3 RESPONSE CENTER A REMOTE LOCATION IN A COUNTRY WITH ACCESS CHALLENGES AND / OR SEVERE WEATHER A COASTAL LOCATION ADJACENT TO A T IER 3 RESPONSE CENTER FACTORS

T RAINED RESPONSE STAFF ON - SITE AND AVAILABLE FOR EMERGENCIES IN ADDITION TO THEIR NORMAL DUTIES L OCAL CONTRACTORS TRAINED IN OIL SPILL RESPONSE R ESPONDERS O N - SITE OR LOCALLY AVAILABLE WITH ARRANGEMENTS IN PLACE FOR RAPID AND EFFECTIVE MOBILIZATION A MOUNT AND TYPE IS COMMENSURATE WITH RISK, INCLUDING LOCATION FACTORS ( E. G., WEATHER, SEASONALITY, OR LOGISTICAL CONSTRAINTS DUE TO REMOTE GEOGRAPHIES ) D EPLOYMENT TIMES AND METHODOLOGIES ARE OFTEN PREDETERMINED S UPPORTING LOGISTICS PROVIDED E QUIPMENT A DDITIONAL S UPPORT S OME ELEMENTS OF T IER 1 CAPABILITY MAY NOT BE KEPT PERMANENTLY ON - SITE, BUT ARE READILY AVAILABLE AT THE TIME OF NEED, SUCH AS : o N ON - SPECIALIZED EQUIPMENT, E. G., WASTE SKIPS, STORAGE TRUCKS, PERSONNEL TRANSPORT, ETC. o S UPPORT / INFRASTRUCTURE ELEMENTS, E. G., ADDITIONAL SECURITY, ACCOMMODATIONS, ETC. o T ECHNICAL ADVICE AND / OR SPECIALIZED RESOURCES R ESOURCES NECESSARY TO HANDLE A LOCAL SPILL AND / OR PROVIDE AN INITIAL RESPONSE T IER 1: EXAMPLE SCENARIOS A N OIL SPILL THAT REQUIRES T IER 1 CAPABILITIES FOR RESPONSE IS ONE RELATED TO OPERATIONAL ACTIVITIES AT A FIXED LOCATION, SUCH AS : T HE OVERFILLING OF A TANK A LEAKING VALVE A TRANSFER HOSE OR PIPELINE RUPTURE T IER 1 D ESCRIPTION * WHILE MOST RESOURCES ARE LOCALLY AVAILABLE, THE SIZE OF THE INCIDENT SHOULD NOT CONSTRAIN THE USE OF ADDITIONAL SUPPORT ( TYPICALLY T IER 2 OR T IER 3 ORGANIZATIONS ) WHERE BENEFICIAL

T IER 1 RESOURCES USED TO MOUNT AN INITIAL RESPONSE, AND INDUSTRY ’ S RESPONSE TOOLBOX, INCLUDING : o D ISPERSANT CAPABILITIES o A T - SEA CONTAINMENT AND RECOVERY EQUIPMENT o P ROTECTION BOOMS o S HORELINE AND INLAND CLEANUP EQUIPMENT o R ECOVERED OIL STORAGE CAPABILITIES A MOUNT AND TYPE APPROPRIATE FOR POTENTIAL SCENARIOS E QUIPMENT D EDICATED RESPONSE STAFF AND ADDITIONAL RESPONDERS PROVIDED BY MUTUAL AID AGREEMENTS L OCALLY SOURCED WORKFORCE MAY BE SUPERVISED BY THE T IER 2 PROVIDER R ESPONDERS A DDITIONAL S UPPORT D ESIGNATED OIL SPILL RESPONSE COOPERATIVES S PECIALIZED T IER 3 SERVICES C OOPERATION AT THE LOCAL / REGIONAL GOVERNMENT LEVEL N ETWORK OF ADDITIONAL RESPONDERS EXAMPLE SCENARIOS A N OIL SPILL THAT REQUIRES T IER 2 CAPABILITIES FOR RESPONSE IS ONE THAT HAS GROWN IN SEVERITY OR EXTENDED BEYOND T IER 1 CAPABILITIES, SUCH AS : A RUPTURED PIPELINE IN DIFFICULT TERRAIN A SPILL THAT CROSSES REGIONAL BOUNDARIES AND REQUIRES THE INVOLVEMENT OF ADDITIONAL PARTIES N ATIONAL OR REGIONAL RESOURCES NECESSARY TO SUPPLEMENT A T IER 1 RESPONSE T IER 2: T IER 2 D ESCRIPTION

G LOBAL RESOURCES NECESSARY FOR SPILLS THAT REQUIRE A SUBSTANTIAL ADDITIONAL RESPONSE DUE TO INCIDENT SCALE, COMPLEXITY, AND / OR IMPACT POTENTIAL T IER 3: T IER 1 AND T IER 2 RESOURCES USED TO MOUNT AN INITIAL RESPONSE, AND INDUSTRY ’ S GLOBAL RESPONSE TOOLBOX, INCLUDING : o H IGH - VOLUME AERIAL AND SUBSEA DISPERSANT CAPABILITIES o L ARGE - SCALE CONTAINMENT AND RECOVERY EQUIPMENT o P ROTECTION BOOMS o I N - SITU BURNING CAPABILITIES o S PECIALIZED SHORELINE AND INLAND CLEANUP EQUIPMENT o O ILED WILDLIFE RESPONSE CAPABILITIES o L OGISTICS CAPABILITIES A MOUNT AND TYPE APPROPRIATE FOR POTENTIAL SCENARIOS E QUIPMENT D EDICATED RESPONSE STAFF EQUIPPED WITH SPECIALIZED SKILLS T IER 3 RESPONDERS INTEGRATE WITH LOCAL AND T IER 2 RESPONDERS AT ALL LEVELS, INCLUDING THE RESPONSE MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE R ESPONDERS EXAMPLE SCENARIOS A N OIL SPILL THAT REQUIRES T IER 3 CAPABILITIES FOR RESPONSE IS ONE THAT NECESSITATES A WIDE RANGE OF AVAILABLE RESOURCES, SUCH AS : A TANKER SUFFERING DAMAGE TO ITS CARGO TANKS AND RELEASING OIL THAT COULD AFFECT A LARGE EXPANSE OF COASTLINE A N ACCIDENTAL DISCHARGE OF A RELATIVELY MODEST VOLUME OF OIL IN AN ECOLOGICALLY SENSITIVE LOCATION T IER 3 D ESCRIPTION D EDICATED INDUSTRY T IER 3 RESPONSE CENTERS G OVERNMENTAL OR COOPERATIVE T IER 3 CAPABILITIES N ETWORK OF ADDITIONAL EXPERT RESPONDERS A DDITIONAL S UPPORT

T HE PRINCIPLES OF T IERED P REPAREDNESS AND R ESPONSE INCORPORATE GLOBAL RESOURCES FOR RESPONSE ESCALATION IN ORDER TO RESPOND EFFECTIVELY TO A SPILL OF ANY MAGNITUDE AND PROTECT OUR SHARED VALUES. S ENSITIVE E COSYSTEMS L OCAL B USINESSES T OURISM /R ECREATION H EALTH AND S AFETY C OMMUNITY I NDUSTRIES S UMMARY