Parts of Plant and Animal Cells Structure and Function The Cell Parts of Plant and Animal Cells Structure and Function

The Plant Cell 5 unique facts about plant cells Has cell walls and cell membrane Has Chloroplasts Has one large vacuole Performs photosynthesis Rectangular in shape

The Animal Cell Cue: 4 unique facts about animal cells. Notes: Oval or spherical in shape Have lysosomes Have small vacuoles Have a cell membrane, no cell wall

The Cell Wall Cue Notes Location: Outer most layer of plant cell Structure: 1.Strong, thick outer layer 2.Made of cellulose Function: 1.Supports and protects the plant cell

The Cell Membrane The Doorway of the Cell Location: Plant Cells: Located inside the cell wall Animal Cells: outer layer between cytoplasm and the environment Structure: A layer surrounding the cell Made of cholesterol Function: 1. Regulates passage of materials in and out of the cell 2. Provides protection and support

The Inside of the Cell PARTS: Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nucleolus Chromatin Cytoplasm Mitochondria Endoplasmic Reticulum or ER Ribosomes Golgi Body Chloroplasts Vacuoles Lysosomes

The Nucleus Cues Notes Nucleus control center Location: floating in the cytoplasm Structure: Large, spherical structure Function: Directs all cell activities. “the brains” of the cell, holds the nucleolus and chromatin (DNA)

Part of the Nucleus Cues: Notes: Nuclear Envelope Location: surrounds the nucleus Structure: thin membrane Function: Allows materials in and out of nucleus through pores, Protects the nucleus

Chromatin and Nucleolus Cues Notes Chromatin (chromosomes) Structure: thin strands of genetic material, Location: found in the nucleus Function: blueprints for the instructions for directing cell activities, Contains all genetic information The Nucleolus (Cue) Notes Structure: Small spherical structure Location: found in the nucleus Function: Site of ribosome production. Releases ribosomes into the nucleus

Cytoplasm (Cue) (Notes) Cytoplasm Location: found inside of the cell membrane Structure: Clear, thick jelly-like substance Function: Holds the organelles Constantly moving Protects the cell

Mitochondria- The Powerhouse Location: found in cytoplasm Structure: Rod-shaped organelle, folded layers inside Function: 1. Takes in food molecules. 2.Converts food molecules to energy the cell can use

Endoplasmic Reticulum - Transportation System Location: Usually located close to Nucleus Structure: System of tubular passageways in cell Function: transport materials: helps form proteins and other materials Two Types Smooth ER Has no attached ribosomes Rough ER Has ribosomes attached

Ribosomes: Protein Factories of the Cell Location: -attached to ER (fixed) or floating around in the cytoplasm (free) -Produced in the Nucleolus Structure: Small, grain-like bodies Function: -Produce proteins for cell -Ribosome send proteins down the ER

Golgi Body – Mail Room Golgi Body – mailroom Location: located near cell membrane Structure: System of flattened sacs and tubes Function: 1.Receives proteins from ER 2.packages proteins and materials into VESICLES 3.ships vesicles around and out of cell

Vesicles - Packages of the Cell Location: Floating in the cytoplasm Structure: Membrane covered spheres Function: Transport particles, including proteins, around and out of cell. Released from the ER and Golgi bodies

Chloroplasts - Energy Producers for Plants Location: In Plants Only!! Found in cytoplasm Structure: Large, irregular shaped green structures Function: Photosynthesis -Captures sunlight and convert it to energy for food Contains Chlorophyll which is a green pigment

Vacuoles Storage Tanks Location: floating in cytoplasm. Structure: Large, round sac Function: Stores mainly water, food, waste, other materials, one large central vacuole in plants Small and often absent from animal cells Water in vacuoles help give plants their shape.

Lysosomes Cleanup Crew Location: Animal cells only, floats throughout the cytoplasm Structure: Small, round organelle Function: Collects wastes Breaks down materials with chemical enzymes (large food pieces, old cell parts)