Reproduction Unit

Website assignment Worksheet Discovery education

Reading: Please read pages: inn your blue health science books

Reproduction Packets: Abbreviations and Word parts Please put packets away when finished

Abbreviations/Word parts Termrrhage

Put it together: Then define Conception Ectopic Gestation Lactation Mammography menses

Human Sexuality Vocab

Conception: Onset of pregnancy, union of sperm and egg Ectopic: Located away from normal position Erectile: Capable of becoming rigid and elevated when filled with blood

Fertility: Capacity to conceive or induce conception Genital: Reproductive organ Gestation: Development of young from conception to birth, pregnancy

Intercourse: Sexual union Lactation: Production and secretion of milk by the mammary glands Mammography: Radiological view of breasts n

Menses: Normal flow of blood and uterine lining that occurs in cycles in women Menstrual: The recurring cycle of change of the reproductive organs induced by hormones in women Ovulation: Release of the egg from the ovary

Sterile: Unable to produce offspring Stillborn: Born dead

VOCAB CHALLENGE In LAB groups Try to match the word and definitions

Appropriate Language & Myths about Sexuality In your packets: With your study buddy answer the following

Should we use these words? (appropriate, inappropriate, depends) 1. Abstinence 2. Sexy 3. Feminist 4. Chauvinist 5. Faggot 6. Moral 7. Marriage 8. Homosexual 9. Slut 10. Tease 11. Virgin 12. Scoring 13. Gay 14. Monogamy 15. Whore 16. Feminine 17. Heterosexual 18. Horny 19. Macho 20. Straight 21. Flirt 22. Lesbian 23. Sexist 24. Wimp 25. Promiscuous

Myths (True, False, IDK) 1.Abstinence is the only method of birth control that is 100% effective? 2.Older people can’t have intercourse? 3.Hairy males are more virile? 4.Birth control is a female problem? 5.If a couple has intercourse while the female is menstruating it is possible for her to become pregnant? 6.Before a girl has had her first period, she can become pregnant? 7.Male homosexuals are all effeminate?

Myths (True, False, IDK) 8.Lesbians are all masculine? 9.A female can become pregnant the first time she has intercourse? 10.Adolescents who mature later than their peers will be sexually inadequate? 11.Too much masturbation can cause a male to run out of sperm? 12.A male gets an erection only when he wants to have intercourse. 13.Females’ breasts should be equal in size?

Myths (True, False, IDK) 14. Males’ testicles should be equal in size? 15.Intercourse does not mean love? 16.Everybody’s doing it? 17.A woman cannot become pregnant if she takes a birth control pill after having intercourse? 18.A woman cannot become pregnant if she douches after intercourse? 19.Pregnancy can occur without penetration? 20.When a person has sexually transmitted disease, they will have symptoms?

Myths (True, False, IDK) 21.Only people who have many sexual partners can get an STD? 22.Cleanliness prevents a person from catching an STD? 23.A majority of teenage mothers relinquish their babies for adoption? 24.Condoms may help prevent the spread of some sexually transmitted diseases? 25.Rapist are usually strangers to the victim?

Male / Female Packets

Who’s Who?

Reproduction Anatomy Female / Male

Human Sexuality Outline

Video?

Functions To reproduce Includes gonads and ovaries Passing of genetic material to offspring

Vocab Sex cells: Gamates Sperm/ova Fertilization: Joining of gamates Zygote: Conception – 2 weeks Embryo: 2 wks – 8 wks Fetus: 8 wks – birth Neonate: Birth to one month of age

Organs of Male Reproduction  Testes: 4 -5 cm  Produce spermatozoa (sperm)  Secrete testosterone  Flow of Spermatozoa  Epididymis:  Tube on each testes, stores sperm  Sperm are transported by vas deferans  Seminal vesicle:  Adds fluid that increases volume and nourishes sperm  Prostate gland:  Below bladder, fluid that protects sperm  Urethra:  Urine and semen excretion  Ejaculation:  Expulsion of semen

Organs of Female Reproduction  Ovaries:  Produce: eggs, estrogen, progesterone  Hormones prepare egg for fertilization and growth of placenta  Fallopian Tubes: transport ovum (egg)  Fertilization: occurs in fallopian tube  Uterus: muscular organ  Zygote: implanted in uterus after fertilization  Endometrium: inner layer of uterus, shed during menstrual cycle  Vagina:  Muscular tube that extends from cervix to outside of body.

External Structures: vulva Labia majora: folds of adipose tissue that protect vaginal opening Mon pubis: fat that joins the labia Labia minora: folds of skin between labia majora Clitoris: erectile tissue Mammary glands: breasts

Menstual Cycle Menstruation: signals puberty Lasts about 28 days Climacteric: menopause, average age 52

AIDS video

HIV/AIDS

Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)

Bacterial STDs Chlamydia Infects reproductive organs and causes a mucus discharge More new cases of chlamydia than any other STD Symptoms (often none) Females: pain during urination, vaginal discharge or bleeding, pelvic pain Males: pain during urination, discharge from penis Treatment Antibiotics Untreated Females: infertility, pelvic pain, ectopic pregnancy, PID Males: can injure reproductive organs, swollen and tender testicles Infants: illness, blindness

Bacterial STDs Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) Inflammation of the upper female reproductive tract caused by migration of infection from vagina Symptoms Pain in the pelvic region, vaginal discharge, long and painful menstrual periods, fever, painful urination, nausea Treatment Antibiotics, surgery may be needed if infection is left untreated Untreated Scars in the fallopian tubes or uterus, ectopic pregnancy, infertility Chronic pelvic pain

Bacterial STDs Gonorrhea Infects mucus membranes Symptoms Females: often no obvious signs, pain during urination, vaginal discharge or bleeding, pain in abdomen Males: pain during urination, discharge from the penis Treatment Antibiotics, becoming more difficult to treat because bacteria is changing Untreated Females: PID, ectopic pregnancies, infertility Infants: blindness, joint infection, life-threatening blood infections Males: scarring of the urethra, difficulty urinating Painful swelling of testicles, infertility

Bacterial STDs Syphilis Can cause ulcers of chancres, damages nervous system and other body organs Symptoms Phase 1 (10-90 days): painless ulcers where bacteria entered Phase 2 (2-8 weeks): fever, rash, swollen lymph nodes, joint pain, muscle aches Phase 3 (2 years or more): heart and nervous system damage, blindness, loss of mental abilities, possible death Treatment Antibiotics, can be cured in the early stages Untreated Mental and physical disabilities Infants: premature birth, severe mental disabilities, deafness, death

Viral STDs Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Can cause genital warts and cervical cancer Symptoms Females: genital and anal warts, abnormal papsmear Males: genital and anal warts Treatment No treatment, warts can be treated by surgical removal, freezing, or medication Vaccine for women against the 4 types of HPV that cause most genital warts and cancers Untreated Cervical Cancer, genital cancers

Viral STDs Genital Herpes 2 types of herpes simples virus HSV-1 and HSV-2 Symptoms HSV-1: cold sores and blisters usually occur around mouth HSV-2: red bumps, blisters and sores on or around genitals, fever, swollen lymph nodes Treatment No cure, antiviral medications can shorten outbreaks and reduce their frequency Untreated Infected for life, can pass on to baby infections of liver, brain, skin, eyes, and mouth, and death

Viral STDs Hepatitis Inflammation of the liver Hepatitis B and C can be sexually transmitted Symptoms Jaundice, tiredness and muscle aches, fever, dark urine Treatment No cure, medications may help stop spread of virus Vaccine available for Hepatitis A and B Untreated Liver damage, failure, cancer, premature death

Viral STDs Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infects cells of the immune system and causes AIDS Symptoms Phase 1 (initial exposure to 10 yrs): fatigue, weight loss, fever, diarrhea, swollen lymph nodes Phase 2: Phase 1 symptoms, forgetfulness, difficulty thinking Phase 3: weakened immune system, infections, weight loss Treatment No cure, a combination of drugs can delay the start of serious symptoms Untreated Malnutrition, loss of mobility, opportunistic infections, cancer, premature death

Parasite STDs Pubic Lice Lice in the pubic hair that crawl on skin and lay eggs on the hairs Symptoms Intense itching in the pubic area Treatment Medication can kill the lice Wash all bed linens and clothes Untreated Skin damage can occur

Parasite STDs Scabies Tiny mites that burrow into the skin Symptoms Intense itching in the infected area Treatment Medication can kill the mites Wash all bed linens and clothes Untreated Skin damage can occur

Parasite STDs Trichomoniasis Caused by a protozoan Symptoms Females: itching, discharge from the vagina, painful urination Males: usually no symptoms Treatment Can be cured with a prescribed medicine Untreated Females: bladder and urethral infections, premature birth Males: inflamed urethra

Fetal Development Jim Video CLICK HERE!!

Vocab Review  Neonate  Zygote  Embryo  Fetus

First Trimester Facts Ovum is about the size of a pencil dot on paper Conception occurs when sperm penetrates the ovum in the fallopian tube Zygote travels through fallopian tube toward the uterus, takes about 3 – 5 days.

First Trimester Growth fourth week heart video fourth week heart video 4 weeks: -Embryo is ¼ inch long -Has a head, body and tail -Eyes and ears can be discerned -Heart pumps blood to body 5 weeks: - Nose can be seen 5 week unborn embryo Fourth Week Video

First Trimester Growth 6 weeks: -Embryo is ½ inch in length -Leg buds are present -Increase brain development -Gonads start to produce hormones

First Trimester Growth 7 th Week: -Embryo is about ¾ inches in length -Can move it hands -Fingers are defined -Internal organs are visible -Skull bones are growing at the crown

First Trimester Growth 8 th Week: -Almost 1 inch long -Liver is very large -Bones begin to form -Testes and ovaries are distinguishable -Now called a fetus

First Trimester Growth Tenth Week Video Tenth Week Video 10 th week: -1 ½ - 2 inches long -Kidneys make urine -Lower trunk muscle are developing

Second Trimester 12 th Week: -Head of fetus is about one third the size of length -Ribs can be seen -Soft hair begins to appear

Second Trimester 16 th week: (4 months) -4 ½ inches long weights about 3 -4 ounces -Face looks human -Cerebrum lies over other brain parts -Testicles of males are in position for descent -Mother can feel movement -Heart can be heard with instruments

Second Trimester 20 – 24 weeks (5-6 months) -Fetus about 12 inches long -Major systems develop -Bones continue to form -Fetus may move its thumb into mouth -Eyes are still closed

Third Trimester brain growth video brain growth video 28 th week: (7 months) -Fetus is about 14 inches long weights about 2.5 pounds -Weight gain, increased length, maturation of organs 38 – 40 weeks: (8-9 months) - Full term

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3 Stages of Labor add to Guided notes at the bottom Stage 1: Dilation Cervix dilates to 10cm Contractions are regular Amniotic sac ruptures dilation generally lasts 8-24 hours

3 Stages of Labor Stage 2: expulsion Actual childbirth (parturition) Forceful uterine contractions and compression Fetus is expelled throughout the vagina

3 Stages of Labor Placental Within min placenta separates from uterine wall (called afterbirth) Contractions Blood vessels constrict to prevent hemorrhage Normal blood loss 350 ml

Contraception Comparison Chart

Male Condom Category Barrier How it works Prevents sperm from entering uterus and getting to the egg Side Effects None unless allergic to latex % Effectiveness 98% Cost $.50 to $2.50 each

Pill Category Combination Hormonal Estrogen & Progestin How it works Prevents ovulation Thickens Cervical mucous Side Effects Weight gain, dizziness, increased blood pressure % Effectiveness 98% Cost $20-$50 a month

IUD (intrauterine device) Category Hormonal Progestin only How it works Prevents ovulation, thickens cervical mucous Side Effects Irregular bleeding, weight gain, abdominal pain % Effectiveness 99.9% Cost $250 + cost of having it inserted and removed

Female Condom Category Barrier How it works Prevents sperm from entering uterus and getting to the egg Side Effects None % Effectiveness Has a failure rate of 21% Cost $2.50 to $5.00 each

Cervical Cap Category Barrier How it works Prevents sperm from entering uterus and getting to the egg Side Effects Cervix irritation % Effectiveness 91% Cost $70 a year

Spermicides Category Barrier How it works Kills or disables sperm Side Effects Possible allergy Genital irritation % Effectiveness 85% Cost $2-$3 for 20 applications

Depo-provera Shot Category Hormonal Progestin only How it works Prevents ovulation, 1 shot every 3 months Side Effects Bone loss, heavy bleeding, weight gain % Effectiveness 97-99% Cost $60 every 3 months

Patch & Ring Category Hormonal Estrogen + Progestin How it works Prevents ovulation, thickens cervical mucous Side Effects Skin irritation, headaches, breast tenderness % Effectiveness 99% Cost $30 -$35 a month

Fertility Awareness Category Periodic Abstinence Family Planning How it works Avoid intercourse during times when pregnancy can occur Side Effects none % Effectiveness 78-88% Cost Free

Tubal Ligation Category sterilization How it works Fallopian tubes are tied, cut or blocked Side Effects Ectopic pregnancy, surgical complications % Effectiveness 99.6% Cost $1,200 - $6,000

Vasectomy Category Sterilization How it works Vas deferens are cut and blocked Semen contains no sperm Side Effects Surgical complications % Effectiveness 99% Cost $150 - $1,200

Diaphragm Category Barrier How it works Prevents sperm from entering uterus and getting to the egg Side Effects Irritation of vagina, possible allergy % Effectiveness 94% Cost $30-$50 every 2 years

Abstinence Category Sexual Abstinence How it works Refrain from sexual activity Side Effects None! % Effectiveness 100%!! Cost FREE!

Practice quizzes

vocab 1.onset of pregnancy, union of sperm and egg (ovum) 2.located away from normal position 3.capable of becoming rigid and elevated when filled with blood 4.capacity to conceive or induce conception 5.tissue composed of threadlike fibrous structure 6.reproductive organ 7.:Development of young from conception to birth, pregnancy 8.sexual union 9.Production and secretion of milk by the mammary glands 10.radiological view of breasts 11.normal flow of blood and uterine lining that occurs in cycles in women 12.cycle the recurring cycle of change of the reproductive organs induced by hormones in women 13.release of the egg from the ovary 14.unable to produce off spring 15.born dead Conception: Ectopic: Erectile: Fertility: Fibroid: Genital: Gestation: Intercourse: Lactation: Mammography: Menses: Menstrual: Ovulation: Sterile: Stillborn: