The Power of Prejudice How is Prejudice still alive today?

First they came for the communists, and I didn't speak out because I wasn't a communist. Then they came for the Jews, and I didn't speak out because I wasn't a Jew. Then they came for the Catholics, and I didn't speak out because I wasn't a Catholic. Then they came for me, and there was no one left to speak for me. Martin Niemoller

What is Prejudice? a (1): preconceived judgment or opinion (2) : an adverse opinion or leaning formed without just grounds or before sufficient knowledge b : an instance of such judgment or opinion c : an irrational attitude of hostility directed against an individual, a group, a race, or their supposed characteristicshostility

The Ladder of Prejudice The levels of prejudice are varied The extremity of prejudice can be very minimal to very extreme Regardless, prejudice always has negative consequences

The Ladder of Prejudice and Hate

The Ladder of Prejudice and Hate: Prejudiced Attitudes Accepting Stereotypes Not challenging belittling jokes Scapegoating (assigning blame to people because of their group identity Jokes and rumors Insensitive Remarks Accepting negative information Blocking positive information

Name Calling Telling belittling jokes Ridiculing Social Avoidance Social Exclusion People of target groups are excluded or avoided The Ladder of Prejudice and Hate: Acts of Prejudice

Employment discrimination Housing discrimination Educational discrimination Harassment: hostile acts based on a person’s race, religion, nationality, sexual orientation or gender The Ladder of Prejudice and Hate: Discrimination

Against people: ▫Threats ▫Assaults ▫Terrorism ▫Murder Against property: ▫Arson ▫Desecration  Violating the sanctity of a house of worship or cemetary The Ladder of Prejudice and Hate: Violence

Genocide as defined by the United Nations in 1948 means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group, including: ▫ Killing members of the group ▫Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group ▫Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part ▫Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group ▫Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group The Ladder of Prejudice and Hate: Genocide

What kind of prejudices do you see in the world today? What kinds of prejudice do you see in Osbourn Park? Where do you think OP rests on the Ladder of Prejudice?

Jim Crow Laws The term "Jim Crow" came from a minstrel show song "Jump Jim Crow", written in 1828 by Thomas Rice. Rice, a White man, painted his face black and presented a caricature of a poor rural Black man. It didn't take long for "Jim Crow" to become a by- word for the practice of racial segregation that would reinforce the inequality of Blacks. Jim Crow laws, also known as Black Codes, were passed to ensure that segregation in a wide range of situations was enforced. Such segregation continued until the 1960s.

Jim Crow Laws cont. Some of the Jim Crow laws in Alabama included: ▫Restaurants forbidden to serve Whites and Blacks in the same room, unless a seven-foot (2.1 metres) or higher barrier had been installed. ▫Blacks and Whites forbidden to play billiards together. ▫Separate toilets and drinking fountains. ▫White nurses not required to attend to Black men in hospitals. ▫Separate ticket booths and waiting rooms at train stations, separate carriages on trains.

Prejudice in 1930’s America

The KKK Members of the first Ku Klux Klan were domestic terrorists with a focused objective: to intimidate freed former slaves and their white supporters. Burning down houses and businesses, administering beatings, whippings, shootings, and hangings—Klan terrorism succeeded in preventing African- Americans from using their newly won rights. The Klan's aim was to prevent African-Americans from voting, getting an education, competing for jobs—and owning property instead of being legally considered as property.

Lynchings and the KKK African-American lynching happened all over the United States. South and north—African-American lynching claimed a high percentage of victims at the same time that African- Americans were legally executed in high percentages. African-Americans received a legal or illegal death sentence more often than European Americans who were accused of the same offenses. ▫Common accusations resulting in death for African-Americans included rape, attempted rape, robbery, and second-degree murder. Many others were lynched—that is, accused, convicted, and executed without a trial, without rules of evidence, without a defender—for offenses such as "talking back," "looking at a white woman," or not being able to repay 10 cents interest to a white lender.

The KKK In the 21 st Century Lynching terrorized and intimidated because it was backed by the community. Now "the Klan" has become a reference point for some of the least entitled—uneducated and barely employed European- Americans, especially young males who maintain their belief that their "whiteness" should be privileged. Some are ready to take out their resentment on random victims. Hate killings are committed by unaffiliated individuals, as was the case with Matthew Shepherd's murder; or by prison-bred "Klan" members, as in the dragging to death of James Byrd, Jr. Or they are committed by the followers of violence-advocating white supremacists who have killed several Asian-Americans in recent years.

Gender Bias (Prejudice) Women were considered “weak” Women were generally not educated for occupations outside the home In wealthy families, women were expected to oversee the servants and entertain guests Men not considered capable of nurturing children