DHS AGRICULTURE Exploring Horticulture

Warm- Up Using ONLY the pictures that you have been given, come up with a definition of what the horticulture industry is.

Lesson Essential Question What is the horticulture industry?

Horticulture The culture of plants for food, comfort and beautification purposes More than just gardens

Horticulture Science Field of science that deals with cultivation of horticultural plants

Botany The study of plants and their processes

Horticulture technology The application of science to horticulture More than just daily watering Time, patience, & understanding of the processes of plants

Horticulture Industry Science + technology + production = the horticulture industry

Divisions of Horticulture Pomology- planting, harvesting, storing, processing and marketing of fruit and nut crops

Divisions of Horticulture Olericulture- planting, harvesting, storing, processing, and marketing of vegetable crops

Divisions of Horticulture Ornamental Horticulture – the growth and use of plants for their beauty

Divisions of Ornamental Horticulture Floriculture- producing, transporting, & using flowering and foliage plants Landscape horticulture- the production & use of plants to beautify environment

Divisions of Ornamental Horticulture Nursery- a place where plants, shrubs, and ornamental trees are grown until they are ready to be transplanted

Divisions of Ornamental Horticulture Garden center- a retail outlet that sells plants grown in nurseries, along with garden supplies Arboriculture- care of trees

Exploring the Industry Research on areas of horticulture

DHS AGRICULTURE Exploring Horticulture

Warm-up Using the grocery store advertisements, find 2 examples of a vegetable, fruit and a nut.

Lesson Essential Question Why is the horticulture industry important to us?

Popularity of Horticulture People like plants Small vegetable gardens “green revolution” (60s-70s) Increase in jobs Increase in enrollment at colleges

Popularity of Horticulture People like plants Small vegetable gardens “green revolution” (60s-70s)

Advantages of Horticulture Increase in jobs Increase in food Increase in aesthetic pleasure

Ornamental horticulture industry segments Floriculture  $5.4 billion market  California & Florida are top producers

Wholesale Value of Floriculture (2004) Floriculture  $5.4 billion market  California & Florida are top producers

Ornamental horticulture industry segments Landscape Horticulture  Homeowners spent $50.9 billion on landscaping & gardening in  Nursery production in 2000 $3.3 billion nationally

Olericulture Worth over $10 billion of US Farm receipts California leads in fresh & processed Grown on 1% of US Cropland Increased production a result of technology & efficient production

Pomology Noncitrus fruit $9.01 billion in 2004 Citrus production $2.39 billion in 2005 US Nut production $3.25 billion in 2004

Activity Grocery store advertisement comparison

DHS AGRICULTURE Exploring Horticulture

Warm-up How is horticulture related to the environment?

Lesson Essential Question How does horticulture impact the environment?

Environment The environment is the nonliving (abiotic) aspect of an organism’s immediate habitat.  Rocks, minerals, air and water Horticultural plants, animals and microorganisms are living (biotic) aspects of an environment The study of living things in relation to their environment is called ecology Ecosystem is a community of organisms and its nonliving environment

Environment Horticultural practices influence an ecosystem Public demand for high-quality causes growers concern for how to produce this at a low cost

Environmental Issues Intensive land use – large fields Integrated Pest Management- a combination of measures to reduce pest damage with the least disruption to environment Biotechnology & genetic engineering – new plant varieties Invasive species- disrupting ecological balance by out-competing native species  Purple Loosestrife, multiflora rose, etc

Benefit to environment Personal  Recreational & aesthetic value  Increase value of real estate Biological  Roots help prevent soil erosion  Plant slow water runoff  Plant control dust & absorb pollutants  Plants provide wildlife habitat

Dangers to environment Pollution- harm caused by improperly applied chemicals  Point source pollution- easily identified sources  Nonpoint source pollution- from few to many sources that is not easily identified

Natural Resources affects Water resources wetlands wildlife

Hydrologic cycle

Water resources Hydrologic cycle  The way water flows through an environment (oceans, lakes, rivers, streams, groundwater, and reservoirs)  Precipitation- water in form of rain or snow  Evaporation- water from a liquid to a vapor when passing through air  Transpiration- movement of water in vapor form  Condensation- water from a vapor to a liquid

Water resources Infiltration  Movement of water through the soil  Proper land management needed to ensure proper infiltration

Wetlands Swamps, bogs, marshes, ponds, etc protected by law  Essential as flood control, wildlife habitat, and erosion control Enhance environment  Fishing, hunting, beauty and comfort for people

Chemicals Fertilizers Pesticides Cause damage when used inappropriately

Fertilizers Used to increase plant growth Eutrophication- overabundance of nutrients in a body of water that depletes oxygen supply  Caused by excessive fertilizer running off fields & into ponds, rivers & lakes

Fertilizers High nitrogen causes excess nitrates in groundwater (drinking water) Phosphorus loss through runoff  Turfgrass & ground covers help

Pesticides Kill plant & animal pests Excess causes water contamination, resistant pest populations, & decline in bird populations (DDT)

Pesticides To reduce need keep plants healthy USE SPECIFICALLY AS DIRECTED!!

Activity Point and nonpoint source activity- 15 minutes Horticulture issues- 40 minutes

DHS AGRICULTURE Exploring Horticulture

Warm-up What type of career are you interested in after high school?

Lesson essential question What is needed in order to obtain a career in the horticulture field?

Skills Science & business understanding Understand plant needs & growth Mechanical needs (irrigation systems, tools, equipment) Marketing skills Administrative skills Legal skills

Preparing for a horticulture career? Must be productive & have necessary personal skills (ability to relate to others) Setting & Achieving goals Education & Training  Education related to plant and soil science, etc  National FFA Organization

Horticulture Industries Landscape Horticulture Floriculture Pomology & olericulture Turfgrass Many, many others!

Research careers  Must be in horticulture industry

DHS AGRICULTURE Exploring Horticulture

Warm-up List 5 safety rules you can think of.

Lesson Essential Question How can we ensure safety in horticulture?

Safety Safe- free of harm Safety- preventing injury & loss Accidents- actions that occur unintentionally Risk- the chance an accident might occur Hazards- situations in which dangers are present

Safety Major areas of concern  Pest control  Machinery & tools  Tractors & large equipment

Personal Protective Equipment Devices worn to protect people from injury

Eye Protection Working with chemicals, in shop, bright light Examples: Safety glasses, safety goggles, safety shields or helmets & eyewash

Hearing Protection Tractors or large machinery Earplugs & earmuffs

Respiratory Protection Chemicals or around vapors & fumes (lung injury or death) Particulate masks and respirators

Skin & Body Protection Toxic or poisonous chemicals Based on job being done Gloves, aprons, hard hats, long sleeves, long pants, & boots

Safety Precautions When handling, applying & storing chemicals Read label before opening any chemical Wear approved PPE when applying Store in locked, well-ventilated, properly lighted, dry & protected from temperatures

Safety search Classroom Greenhouse Your own garage or outside area