Introduction to External Text Structures. External Text Structure The way the editor or publisher has arranged and printed the piece of writing. Knowing.

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Presentation transcript:

Introduction to External Text Structures

External Text Structure The way the editor or publisher has arranged and printed the piece of writing. Knowing about external text structure helps you to understand what you are reading.

Why do we use external text structures? 1. Clarify Material 2. Give Extra Information 3. Show Detail 4. Emphasize Important Information 5. Make Information Easier to Understand

Types of External Text Structure Italics Bold Sidebars Heading Subheading Illustrations Graphs Photographs Captions

Italics Italics are _______ (straight / slanted) font, and are used to make a word stand out. Italics are _______ (straight / slanted) font, and are used to make a word stand out. Indian as a term Europeans of the 1400s used the term Indies to refer to India, China, Japan and other Asian lands.

Italics 1) Why would you put words in italics? 2) Which is an example of italics?

Bold Bold words inform the reader of important _______________ (vocabulary / events) and key words. _______________ (vocabulary / events) and key words. Example: Some parents encouraged their children to assimilate, which means to be absorbed into.

Bold 2) Why would you put words in bold?

Sidebar Sidebars are __________ (circles / boxes) of information that give extra information about a topic.

Sidebar 3) Why do you think we have sidebars? 4) Look in one of the books at your desk. Can you find an example of sidebars?

Heading Usually at the ____________ (top / bottom) of the page and explains the central topic or theme. Located under a ____________ (bold type / heading). Used to clarify information. Where is the heading? Where is the subheading?

Heading Subheading

Illustrations & Graphs An illustration is a __________to better explain the text. A graph is a __________ (audio / visual) representation of data or numbers. Which is a graph? Which is an illustration?

Illustration Example:

Graph Example:

Illustration and Graph 4) Why do we have illustrations and graphs?

Photographs & Captions A photograph is a __________ (real-life / hand- drawn) picture representing information from the text. A caption is the writing under a photograph and tells you the details of the picture Which is the photograph? Which is the caption?

Photograph & Caption Example: Supporters of Republican presidential hopefuls hold signs outside a polling station at Webster School, in Manchester, New Hampshire, on January 10. Photograph Caption

Can you find any external text structures?