Plant & Microscope Review The following slides are grouped into 4 topics with a question on one slide and the answer on the next slide. Try to answer the question as best as you can before looking at the answer.

Topic #1: Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Why do plants need to do both photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

Plants must do photosynthesis to make their food (glucose). They must then also do cellular respiration to withdraw the energy out of the glucose.

How are the materials and products of photosynthesis and cellular respiration related?

They are opposite. The products of photosynthesis are the materials of cellular respiration and the products of cellular respiration are the materials of photosynthesis. For example the products of photosynthesis are C 6 H 12 O 6 and 6O 2. This is exactly the same as the materials needed for cellular respiration.

Where is chlorophyll found in a plant cell? What is chlorophyll’s function?

Chlorophyll is a green pigment found inside the chloroplasts. The function of the chlorophyll is to capture the energy from the sun. The plant uses this energy to perform photosynthesis.

Photosynthesis is the process that allows plants to make their own food, therefore they are called __________________.

Autotrophs

What are the equations for photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

Photosynthesis 6CO 2 +6H 2 O → C 6 H 12 O 6 +6O 2 Light Cellular Respiration C 6 H 12 O 6 +6O 2 →6CO 2 +6H 2 O + energy

Fill in the blanks: A plant gets the ______________ it needs to perform photosynthesis through the ______________ found on the underside of the leaf. The carbon dioxide enters through the stomata and the _____________ comes in through other parts of the plant. The plant uses _________________ to capture the energy from ______________ in order to carry out the process of ________________________. Photosynthesis occurs in the _________________ of a plant cell. Plants are considered to be ________________ since they can make their own food. The products of photosynthesis are ________________ and _________________, which is food for the plant. One of the functions of all living things is _____________________. In this process, the materials are oxygen and glucose. These materials are broken down in the _________________ of a cell. The _______________ of cellular respiration are ___________________ and water. Another product of cellular respiration is the energy that organisms need to carry out their life functions.

A plant gets the carbon dioxide it needs to perform photosynthesis through the stomata found on the underside of the leaf. The carbon dioxide enters through the stomata and the water comes in through other parts of the plant. The plant uses chlorophyll to capture the energy from sunlight in order to carry out the process of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast of a plant cell. Plants are considered to be autotrophs since they can make their own food. The products of photosynthesis are oxygen and glucose which is food for the plant. One of the functions of all living things is cellular respiration. In this process, the materials are oxygen and glucose. These materials are broken down in the mitochondria of a cell. The products of cellular respiration are carbon dioxide and water. Another product of cellular respiration is the energy that organisms need to carry out their life functions.

Topic #2: Mixed Bag

If the eyepiece of the microscope is 10x and the medium power objective is 10x, what is the total magnification?

10 x 10= 100x total magnification

True/False. If false-write a sentence or two explaining why. You should always use the coarse adjustment knob when focusing on high power.

False. The statement is false because you should never use the coarse adjustment knob when you are focusing on high power. You should only use the fine adjustment knob.

Explain the difference between pollination and fertilization.

Pollination is moving the pollen from one part of the flower to another (in the case of a perfect flower) or moving the pollen from one flower to another flower. Fertilization is when the pollen (male sex cell) joins with the egg (female sex cell) and the seed is created. This occurs in the ovary.

What is letter A pointing to? What is its job? What is letter B pointing to? What is its job? B A

A is pointing to the nosepiece. The nosepiece holds the objective lenses and you turn it to change the level of magnification. B is pointing to the fine adjustment knob. It raises and lowers the stage a tiny amount and you use this to “fine tune” your image.

Explain 3 ways seeds can be dispersed.

Animals can move seeds to another location because seeds stick on their fur. Animals can eat seeds and excrete the seeds in their feces. This helps move them to a new location. Wind can move seeds to a different location. Water can carry seeds to new location.

Topic #3: Flower and Plant Reproduction

What is the function of the anther and why is it so important in plant reproduction?

The anther produces pollen (the plant’s male sex cell). Without the anther there would be no pollen to fertilize the eggs and the plant could not produce seeds. Without seeds the plant would not be able to reproduce.

After the eggs are fertilized by pollen the ovary swells and becomes a ___________.

Fruit

What is the letter D pointing to? What are its TWO functions?

Sepals The sepals protect the developing bud as it grows and matures. They are green so they produce food by photosynthesis.

What two letters make up the male part of the flower? What are the parts called and what are their functions? What is the entire male part named?

-The two letters that make up the male part are B and H. -B is called the Anther and it produces pollen and H is called the Filament, it holds the anther up high so its pollen can be taken from one plant to another. -The entire male part is called the Stamen.

What is the female part of the flower called? What three parts make up the female part? What are all three of their functions ?

The female part is called the pistil. It is made up of the stigma (sticky and catches the pollen), the style (holds up the stigma so it’s in a good position to catch pollen) and the ovary (the ovules inside hold the eggs and serves as a place for seeds to grow).

Topic #4: Plant Basics

Name the outer surface of a plant’s skin.

Epidermis

Explain why plants want their seeds to be spread out.

Plants want their seeds to be spread out because they don’t want to compete for resources such as sunlight, water, nutrients in the soil and space to grow.

How does CO 2 enter the plant? Where are these found?

CO 2 enters the plant and O 2 exits the plant through the stomata. They are found on the backside of the plant’s leaves.

It requires a lot of energy for a plant to produce a fruit. Explain why a plant would spend this large amount of energy.

Producing fruit ensures that a plant will be successful in reproducing. The fruit is eaten by animals and the animals help disperse the seeds away from the parent plant. This makes sure the plants do not compete with each other for space and sunlight.

What does the word “Eukaryotic” mean and how does it relate to plants?

Eukaryotic- cells contain a nucleus (control center of a cell) All plant cells are eukaryotic. It is one of the characteristics they all share.