Chapter 1 Whole Numbers Digit – number from 0-9 Place value – the value of a place within a number addend – number added to another number Sum – the answer in addition Difference – the answer in subtraction Estimate – tells about how large a sum or difference will be Factor – one of the numbers being multiplied Product – the answer in multiplication Base – a factor; in 32, 3 is the base Exponent – tells how many times the base is used as a factor Power – the result of multiplying when factors are the same Divisor – the number used to divide Dividend – the number being divided Quotient – the answer in division Remainder – the number left over in division Polygon – a closed figure with 3 or more sides Perimeter – the sum of the lengths of the sides of a polygon

1.1 Place Value Digits: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 Place value: the value of the place within the number Example 1: What is the value of 2 in 2,483,175? 2 is in the __________________ place. 2 has a value of _________________________. One millions 2,000,000 Example 2: What is the value of 4 in 2,483,175? 4 is in the ____________________________ place. 4 has a value of ______________________________. Hundred-thousands 400,000 Example 3: What is the value of 7 in 2,483, 175? 7 is in the _____________ place. 7 has a value of _____________. tens 70

1.2 Comparing Numbers Greater than > Less than < Equal to = Compare: find the larger or smaller number Example 1: Compare 8,402 and 453. Line up the digits by ____________________. 8,402 has ___________________ digits than 453. 8,402 is ________________ than 453 or 453 is ______________ than 8,402. 8,402 ______ 453 or 453 ______8,402 Place more greater less > < Example 2: Compare 5,821 and 5,921. _________ ________ the numbers by place. 5,821 and 5,921 have the _______________ number of digits. Compare digits place by place starting on the _________________. ________ and ________ are equal. _______ and _________ are different. 5,821 is ________ than 5,921 or 5,921 is ___________ than 5,821. 5,821 _____ 5,921 or 5,921 _______ 5,821 Line up same left 5 5 8 9 less greater < >

1.3 Rounding Rounding: ____________________________________________ Changing a number to the nearest ten, hundred, or thousand. Example 1: Round 2,472 to the nearest thousand. 1. Find the digit in the ____________________ place. 2,472 2. Look at the digit to its ___________________. 2,472 If it is _______ or greater than__________, add 1 to the digit in the rounding place. If it is ____________ than 5, leave the digit in the rounding place alone.   3. Chang each digit to the _________ of the rounding place to ________. 2, _______ 2,472 rounded to the nearest thousand is _________________ rounding right 5 5 less right 000 2000

Example 2: Round 796 to the nearest ten. 1 Example 2: Round 796 to the nearest ten. 1. Find the digit in the _____________ place. 796 2. Look at the digit to its ____________. 796 If it is __________ or greater than 5, add ________ to the digit in the ______________ place. 3. Since ______ + _______ is 10, increase the digit to the ______ of the rounding place by ________. 4. Change __________ the digit in the rounding place and the digit to the _______ of the rounding place to _____. 796 rounded to the nearest 10 is _________. rounding right 5 1 rounding 9 1 left 1 both right 800

1.6 Estimating Sums and Differences ________________ tells you about how large a sum or difference will be. Estimate Example 1: Estimate the ___________________ of 856 and 278. Line up the digits by place. difference ____________ each number to the nearest hundred. ___________ the rounded numbers. 856 -278   900 -300 round subtract The ___________ of 856 and 278 is about __________________. difference 600

Example 2: Estimate the _________________ of 3,456 + 2,378 + 4,612. Line up the digits by place. sum __________ each number to the nearest hundred. ________ the rounded numbers. 3,456 2,378 +4,612 3,000 2,000 +4,000 round add The _________ of 3,456 + 2,378 + 4,612 is about____________. sum 10000 Example 3: You started with $1,920. You spent $279 and $413. Estimate how much you have left. Estimate how much you ________. Round first. Then add your digits. $279 + 413 $300 +400 You spent about_________. $700 spent Estimate how much you have ______________. Round first. Then add your digits. $1,920 700 $1,900 - 700 You have about _____________ left. $1200 left

1.8 Using Exponents _________________ one of the numbers being multiplied _________________ the answer in multiplication _________________ a factor; in 32, 3 is the base _________________ tells how many times the base is used as a factor _________________ the result of multiplying when factors are the same factor product base exponent power There is a shorter way to show multiplication when the _______________ are the same. 31 = 3 3 is a factor _________time 32 = 3 x 3 3 is a factor _________ times 33 = 3 x 3 x 3 3 is a factor _________ times

Example 1: 53 is the same as _____________________________ which equals ________________   ___________ is the base. ___________ is the exponent. Example 2: 105 is the same as _____________________________ which equals ________________   ___________ is the base. ___________ is the exponent. Example 3: 302 is the same as _______________________________ which equals ________________   ___________ is the base. ___________ is the exponent.

Division ____________________– the number used to divide ____________________– the number being divided ____________________– the answer in division ____________________– the number left over in division Divisor Dividend Quotient Remainder Different ways to show division.

1.10 Estimating Products and Quotients Round the numbers 1st then either multiply or divide. Example 1 Estimate the product of 56 and 37. Round each number to the nearest ten. Then multiply 56 x37 60 X40 Example 2 Estimate each quotient. Round the dividend to the thousands. Round the divisor to the hundreds. Then divide. 2,786 ÷ 436 3,000 ÷ 400