Ultra-Clean | Efficient | Reliable Power Microgrids and Leveraging Campus Utility Infrastructure – Innovations in Energy at the University of Bridgeport Presentation for the Smart & Sustainable Campuses Conference Baltimore, Maryland April 5, 2016 David P. Cote, P.E., Executive Director – Facilities Planning and Operations, University of Bridgeport Ben Toby, VP Sales, FuelCell Energy Inc.

2 The University of Bridgeport, an independent and non-sectarian institution, offers career-oriented undergraduate and graduate degrees. Comprised of 5,500 students with 1,250 on-campus residents. 52 buildings including Academic, Administrative, Dormitory and Apartments equaling approximately 1.5M square feet. Over 53 acres crossing several city streets University of Bridgeport:

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4 Significant grid improvements since 2007: $3M in expenditures to date Upgraded cabling and transformers Loop switching installed to control/isolate areas of campus Grid potential increased from 4160V to 13.8kV Installation of Fuel Cell Energy’s DFC1500 providing 80% of peak power University of Bridgeport Power Grid: Main academic and dormitory buildings connected to electrical grid owned and maintained by University since 1960s. Power delivered by utility to single meter and point of common coupling.

5 Microgrid Grant Pilot Program Administered by the Department of Energy & Environmental Protection Intended to provide continued power to shelter and emergency facilities during major grid outages University awarded $2.2M grant for design and installation of grid Critical Facilities such as Marina Dining Hall, 4 Residence Halls, Security Building, Student Center to have continuous power. State of Connecticut “Microgrids are an essential part of our strategy to make certain we can better withstand the type of catastrophic storms we have experienced in recent years – and the extended loss of power that accompanies them.” – Gov. Dannel P. Malloy – Gov. Dannel P. Malloy “Microgrids are an essential part of our strategy to make certain we can better withstand the type of catastrophic storms we have experienced in recent years – and the extended loss of power that accompanies them.” – Gov. Dannel P. Malloy – Gov. Dannel P. Malloy

6 Why Fuel Cells? Energy Cost Savings Reliable, Grid Independent Clean, Quiet & Efficient Fuel Flexible Permitting and Siting Ease Hartford Hospital, 1.4 MW Central CT State University, 1.4 MW

7 1.4 MW Direct FuelCell ® Power Plant Space requirement ~ 40 ft x 60 ft Electric production ~ 11 million kWh per year Utilities needed: natural gas or bio gas fuel, potable water, sewer Heat load for hot water, steam, and/or absorption cooling CARB 2007 certification facilitates clean air permitting IEEE 1547 and UL 1741 compliant grid interconnection Cal State East Bay, 1.4 MW

8 Energy Cost Savings Renewable Energy Credits (RECs), Federal Investment Tax Credit (ITC) and Heat Use enable LCOE ~ $0.10/kWh

9 Types of Fuel Cell Micro-Grids:

10 Grid-Independent Capability Fuel cells provide dependable, clean electricity and heat for microgrids, either alone or in parallel with other generation sources Grid Connected mode In normal operation the fuel cell synchronizes to local utility grid and offsets part or all of the load demand of the facility, reducing power needed from the utility Microgrid mode After a grid outage, facility loads see a brief interruption, and are then reconnected in a controlled manner to the fuel cell and other on- site sources Critical Supply mode Upon grid outage, disconnects from the grid and enters standby mode. Seamless backup power available to hard-wired customer critical loads up to 85% of fuel cell output Load Leveler operation profile: microgrid established in ~30 seconds

Type: Grid support Size:14.9 MW Owner: Utility – PPA structure Type:On-site CHP Size:1.4 MW Owner:Project investor “Sustainable and affordable energy is an increasingly important component of the new energy mix at the University of Bridgeport.” - Neil Albert Salonen President, University of Bridgeport. “Sustainable and affordable energy is an increasingly important component of the new energy mix at the University of Bridgeport.” - Neil Albert Salonen President, University of Bridgeport. “The Dominion Bridgeport Fuel Cell Park is another important step in our efforts to identify and develop opportunities to produce clean energy that is reliable and cost effective." - Thomas F. Farrell II, Chairman, President and CEO, Dominion “Purchasing these fuel cell power plants supports our goal of investing in renewable distributed generation to enhance the reliability of our power delivery system and offer our customers cleaner energy.” James P. Torgerson, President & CEO, Avangrid Type: Grid support w/ solar array Size:2.8 MW Owner:Utility 11 FuelCell Energy projects in Bridgeport, Connecticut

12 Project Overview 1.4 MW combined heat & power fuel cell power plant Supplies 80% of campus power needs Waste heat converted to hot water and supplied to three locations on campus Connecticut Microgrid Program Award Benefits Cost savings during normal operations In a grid outage, power to critical facilities – shelter ~2700 persons, security, dining Renewable Energy Research Lab – “practice what we teach” Emissions reductions: 7,000 tons CO2, 64 tons SOx, 28 tons NOx Case Study – University of Bridgeport

13 MicroGrid Project Highlights: AZ Corporation: is executing design and construction to allow the campus electrical distribution system to operate independent of the grid as an islanded electrical Microgrid. Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories (SEL) : Its microgrid control system will be used to manage the electrical grid. It will control 6 of the campus loop switches, prioritizing electrical connections to critical buildings on campus G&W Electric, Inc.: Loop Switches will be automated with motorized operators to allow remote operation The grant was approved in July 2015, design, construction and commissioning are scheduled to be operational by the end of August 2016.

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17 Microgrids offer many benefits: Savings, GHG reduction, and improved Resiliency Complex projects requiring staged development with CHP as the cornerstone CHP friendly regulations favor Microgrid development as well › Net metering, virtual net metering, streamlined interconnection rules, and reasonable standby/demand charges Fuel cells provide an excellent generation backbone for microgrids: clean, quiet, efficient and financeable Take-aways: