Connector Gadget : Cause and Effect and Sequence

 RI.3.7 Use information gained from illustrations (e.g., maps, photographs) and the words in a text to demonstrate understanding of the text (e.g., where, when, why, and how key events occur).  RI.3.8 Describe the logical connection between particular sentences and paragraphs in a text (e.g.,comparison, cause/effect, first/second/third in a sequence). Learning Expectations

DIRECTIONS: Think about examples of one event causing another event. What was the effect? What were the results? Talk about these examples of cause-and-effect relationships with your Think/Pair/Share groups. Choose one group member and be prepared to share your story. Sponge Activity

 Sometimes, assigned topics on an essay or standardized test will ask you to explain the reasons or causes of something. Other topics will ask you to discuss the results or effects of some cause. Here is an example of a writing topic asking for causes of a particular phenomenon:  In recent decades, cities have grown so large that now about 50% of the Earth's population lives in urban areas. Explain the causes of this phenomenon. Be sure to give specific details and reasons in your explanation. Cause and Effect Paragraphs

Cause and Effect To understand what you read, it's important to pay attention to the order in which things happen. When reading a textbook, this might mean paying close attention to dates, in order to understand the order when events happened.

 Cause/effect paragraphs generally follow basic paragraph format. They begin with a topic sentence and this sentence is followed by specific supporting details. For example, if the topic sentence introduces an effect, the supporting sentences all describe causes. Here is an example:  In recent decades, cities have grown so large that now about 50% of the Earth's population lives in urban areas. There are several reasons for this occurrence. First, the increasing industrialization of the nineteenth century resulted in the creation of many factory jobs, which tended to be located in cities. These jobs, with their promise of a better material life, attracted many people from rural areas. Second, there were many schools established to educate the children of the new factory laborers. The promise of a better education persuaded many families to leave farming communities and move to the cities. Finally, as the cities grew, people established places of leisure, entertainment, and culture, such as sports stadiums, theaters, and museums. For many people, these facilities made city life appear more interesting than life on the farm, and therefore drew them away from rural communities. Example & explanation

What do you like to bring to the beach?  Surfboard  Sunscreen  Sandwiches and chips  Bottled water  Sand bucket  Goggles  Towels  Umbrella  Radio  Beach chair  Sun hat  Flip-flops Imagine, your mother has put you in charge of planning the families trip to the beach. In groups of 4, students will make a step by step sequence of how they would pack for the beach. Using the two column method, create a list on chart paper of how you would pack for the beach, putting the steps in order. Every group should have at least 7 steps!

Sentence Jumble Try reading it this way.  Marty got up early to get ready for school. First, he got dressed and brushed his teeth. Then he went downstairs to eat breakfast. While he ate, he studied his spelling words for the spelling test he would take at school. After that, he packed his lunch. Finally, he went outside to wait for the bus.  Then he went downstairs to eat breakfast. After that, he packed his lunch. First, he got dressed and brushed his teeth. Marty got up early to get ready for school. Finally, he went outside to wait for the bus. While he ate, he studied his spelling words for the spelling test he would take at school.

 Here are some common conjunctions that can be used to express cause and effect:  sinceas a resultbecause of  because therefore due to  consequentlyfor this reasonso Cause and Effect Conjunctions

Using your new knowledge of cause, effect and sequence, what appears to have happened here? Discuss as a class all the possibilities of what might have happened in this picture set. Usage of new vocabulary should be incorporated in your answer. Prepare to defend your answer! Roundtable

 A cause-effect relationship is a relationship in which one event (the cause) makes another event happen (the effect).  One cause can have several effects.  Everything happens in a sequence and when writing, sequential order means the events that happened first to last.  There are clue words in text that tell the reader what the cause and its effect are ( as a result, because, consequently)  Understanding cause, effect and sequential order not only helps you to read more critically but allows you to write stories with captivating plots and fascinating characters. You should now know…