Living Environment Mr. Wiley Cell Transport Living Environment Mr. Wiley

Demo #1: Vanilla Balloon + Why can we smell the vanilla inside the balloon?

Demo #2: Food Coloring Record your observations as Mr. Wiley adds food coloring to water

Demo #2: Food Coloring What is Happening?

Demo #3: Air Freshener Record your observations as Mr. Wiley sprays perfume in one spot in the room. P Classroom P P P

In all of these demonstrations… We started with a LOT of molecules in one place We call this: High Concentration In areas with little to no molecules We call this: Low Concentration When there is a High Concentration and low concentration next to each other we call it a: Concentration Gradient

Transport The life function that involves the absorption and circulation of materials throughout an organism.

Circulation What do you think of hear when you hear the term circulation? Definition- the movement of materials throughout a cell and/or a multi-cellular organism.

Absorption What do you think of hear when you hear the term absorption? Definition- the process by which digested and dissolved materials enters the cell(s) of an organism.

Two main types of transport: 1. Passive Transport Diffusion Osmosis Facilitated Diffusion 2. Active Transport

What does it mean to be passive?

What are the types of transport? 1. Diffusion – movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration (High  Low) NO ENERGY is required! Small molecules Ex: Glucose (small sugar), Amino Acids Occurs across lipid bi-layer

Why Diffusion does NOT require energy:

What factors influence diffusion? Temperature Pressure Number of molecules inside & outside cell (Concentration Gradient) Size of the molecules

Occurs across lipid bi-layer 2. Osmosis - specific kind of diffusion – only movement of WATER molecules into and out of the cell (High  Low) NO ENERGY required Water Molecules Hint: H2Osmosis! Occurs across lipid bi-layer

Tonicity Tonicity- the amount of water and solute in a cell/solution Iso- Same Hypo- Less, Low Hyper- More, A lot Isotonic solution- a solution that has the same concentration of dissolved substances and water molecules as the inside of the cell. Hypotonic solution- a solution that has a lower concentration of dissolved substances and a higher concentration of water molecules, than the cell. Hypertonic solution- a solution that has a higher concentration of dissolved substances and a lower concentration of water molecules, than the cell.

Tonicity Cell Swells, Grows Cell Shrinks Cell Remains the same Hypotonic Hypertonic Isotonic https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OYoaLzobQmk https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gWkcFU-hHUk 100% H2O 50% H2O 70% H2O Cell 70% H2o Cell 70% H2o Cell 70% H2o Cell Swells, Grows Cell Shrinks Cell Remains the same

Your teacher facilitates while you complete your labs Your teacher facilitates while you complete your labs. A coach facilitates a sports game. A parent facilitates a toddler brushing his teeth. What does it mean to facilitate?

3. Facilitated Diffusion – the movement of larger molecules from high to low concentration using transmembrane proteins as “helpers”. NO ENERGY required Occurs through proteins EX: minerals

What does it mean to be “active What does it mean to be “active?” (include your own definition & examples) Using what you know about diffusion, predict what Active Transport means.

4. Active Transport – movement across the cell membrane from LOW to HIGH concentration Goes against concentration gradient (low to high) Requires Energy (ATP)! Occurs across Transmembrane protein https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=STzOiRqzzL4

Why Active Transport requires energy:

Putting it all together Passive Transport Active Transport  

Putting it all together: Create a concentration gradient: high concentration outside of cell; low concentration inside cell Draw diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and active transport occurring. Label the arrows. What would osmosis look like?

Funny Active Transport Video

Exocytosis in Paramecium https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U9pvm_4-bHg